BEHAVIORAL LEARNING THEORIES

Ivan Pavlov's
Classical Conditioning
Presenter:
Rafaela Decilos
YOUR FACE SOUNDS
FAMILIAR
MECHANICS:

1.I WILL PLAY FAMILIAR SOUNDS. (IT CAN BE

VOICE, SOUND EFFECTS OR SONG.)
2.YOU HAVE TO GUESS THE SOUND AND SHOW
YOUR REACTION EVERYTIME YOU HEAR THAT
SOUND.
3.IF YOU GET THE BEST RIGHT ANSWER, YOU’LL
GET A CHANCE TO GET A REWARD ON OUR
LUCKY SPIN.
 BISCUIT PLUS 5 PTS

APPLAUSE SPIN LOLLIPOP

CHOCOLATE PLUS 2 PTS

 Ivan Pavlov's
Classical Conditioning
Presenter:
Rafaela Decilos
Learning Objectives:
 Describe how Pavlov’s early work in classical
conditioning influenced the understanding of learning.
 Review the concepts of classical conditioning, including
unconditioned stimulus (US), conditioned stimulus (CS),
unconditioned response (UCR), and conditioned response
(CR).
 Explain the roles that extinction, generalization and
discrimination play in conditioned learning.
Ivan Petrovich
Pavlov

Does it ring a bell?

• Born on September 14th, 1849.
• Died on February 27, 1936.
• He was a Russian Soviet experimental neurologist, physcologist
and physiologist.
• His studied on digestive system won him the Noble price in 1904.
• Used theories of associative learning and behaviorism to create his
own theory of Classical Conditioning.
 CLASSICAL CONDITIONING
A form of associative learning in which a neutral stimulus
becomes associated with a stimulus to which one has an
automatic, inborn response.
• Pavlov noticed that the dogs
began to salivate even before
the meat was presented.
 Definition of Terms
Important terms:

Unconditioned stimulus (UCS) – The environmental input that always

produces the same unlearned, involuntary response.
Unconditioned response (UCR) – The natural, automatic, inborn and
involuntary reaction to a stimulus.
Neutral stimulus – An object or situation that when presented alone
does not lead to an automatic (or unconditioned) response.
Conditioned stimulus (CS) – A previously neutral input that an
organism learns to associate with the UCS.
Conditioned response (CR) – A behavior that an organism learns to
perform when presented with the CS.
Figure No. 1
A dog’s natural reflex is to salivate to food. The food is an unconditioned
stimulus (UCS) , and salivation is an unconditioned response (UCR).

Before conditioning, a dog will not salivate when a bell rings.

During conditioning, the bell is presented right before the food appears. The
dog salivates (UCR) because the food (UCS).

After repeatedly hearing the ringing bell right before being presented with the
food, the dog will begin to salivate. Now the ringing bell has become a
conditioned stimulus (CS), and salivation to the sound of the bell alone has
become a conditioned response (CR).
1. Celebrities advertisements.
UCS: Celebrities

UCR: Your positive

associations with
celebrities

CS: Products and services

CR: You start

liking/purchasing
company’s product
2. Children getting injection.
UCS: A child
getting injection
UCR: He/She starts crying

CS: The doctor

wearing white coat

CR: The child starts to

cry whenever he/she sees
anyone wearing a white
jacket
3. Christmas music.

UCS: Christmas
holiday
UCR: Happiness and
excitement

CS: The music

played in malls

CR: You get into the

holiday spirit
4. Phone ringtone/buzz. UCS: You hear a tone/buzz
from your mobile

UCR: You check your

notifications and consume content

CS: A familiar
notifications/chime
heard in a public area

CR: You
instinctively reach for
your phone
 OTHER THING TO CONSIDER
• Stimulus generalization – The tendency of a new stimulus that is
similar to the original conditioned stimulus to elicit a response that is
similar to the conditioned response.

• Stimulus discrimination – The process of learning to respond to

certain stimuli and not others.

• Extinction – The weakening of the conditioned response when the

unconditioned stimulus is absent.
ACCORDING TO THE THEORY, THE
PAIRING OCCURS BETWEEN THE TWO
STIMULI (EX: BELL AND FOOD), NOT
BETWEEN THE STIMULI AND RESPONSE
(EX: BELL AND SALIVATION)

TAKE NOTE.
ANALYZE.
Everytime someone flushes a toilet in the apartment building, the shower
becomes very hot and causes the person to jump back. Over time, the
person begins to jump back automatically after hearing the flush, before
the water temperature changes.

UCS- HOT WATER

UR- JUMPING BACK
N/CS- TOILET FLUSH
CR- JUMPING BACK IN RESPONSE TO FLUSH
 USES OF CLASSICALLEARNING IN THE CLASSROOM
Reinforce learning – it could innovate a behavioral technique
quite simply by a teacher offering a reward for a job well done
or punishment for a failure to do well in class.
Hinder learning – students who have learned to associate
something threatening or fearful situations with classroom
experiences can have more difficult time. For instance, some
students often pair mathematical exams with test anxiety and
pressure.
QUESTIONS
“DON’T BECOME A MERE RECORDER OF

FACTS, BUT TRY TO PENETRATE THE

MYSTERY OF ORIGIN.”

— Ivan Pavlov