APPLYING NEWTON’S

LAWS TO EXPLAIN THE

MOTION OF SOLID
OBJECTS.
Inertia

 Inertia – a stationary object will not move

unless a force acts on it.
1. Thus a stationary car remains at rest (not
moving) unless the engine applies a
force to move it.
2. A stationary ball remains at rest unless it
is pushed or pulled.
 This tendency of a stationary object to
remain in its state of rest unless a force
acts on it is called inertia.
Momentum

 Momentum – Momentum is a measurement of mass in motion.

 Any object that is moving has momentum.
 Momentum is a vector quantity (It has both magnitude and direction
 Calculating Momentum

 The momentum of an object is defined as the product of

its mass and velocity
 This means that in order to calculate momentum we use
the following formula
 Momentum (kgm/s) = Mass (kg) x Velocity (m/s)
 We can see from the equation above, that momentum is
dependent on an object’s mass and velocity
Momentum

 A moving truck has more momentum

than a car moving at the same speed
because the truck has more mass.
 A car that is moving has a larger
momentum when it is speeding than
when it is moving slowly.
Inertia and Momentum

 We have learnt earlier that all bodies resist being set into motion and this tendency
is called inertia
 However, once moving, they are difficult to stop because they have momentum
 The larger the momentum, the larger the force needed to stop it
Force

 A force is a push or a pull which one

object exerts on another
 Forces always occur in pairs
Newton’s First Law

 Newton’s first law is called the Law of

Inertia
 A body at rest remains at rest or if
moving continues its motion in a straight
line unless an external force is applied to
it.
 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8zsE
3mpZ6Hw
Newton’s Third Law

 For every action there is an equal and

opposite reaction.
 Body A exerts a force on a body B, body
B exerts an equal and opposite force on
body A.
 Forces therefore always occur in pairs,
and one body cannot exert a force on
another without experiencing a force
itself.
 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MUg
FT1hRTE4
Newton’s Third Law In Action

 When you put your foot on the ground,

you are applying a force to it. In doing
this, the ground also actually applies an
equal force onto your foot, in the opposite
direction
Newton’s Third Law In Action

 When the engines fire and propel the

rocket forward, it is the result of a
reaction.
 The engine burns fuel, which is
accelerated toward the rear of the ship.
This causes a force in the opposite
direction to push the rocket forward.
Newton’s Third Law In Action

 When you push down on the trampoline

(or fall downward onto the trampoline
bed), Newton's third law says that an
equal and opposite reaction pushes back.