Physics

Ch-1.5 (Forces and Motion)

Sub; Teacher: Akondo Sir By: Safiul Faruk (Faiyaz)

Newton’s laws of motion are three physical laws which provide relationships between the
forces acting on a body and the motions of the body
Newton’s laws:
 The First Law: Force and Inertia
 The Second Law: Force Mass and Acceleration
 The Third Law: Action and Reaction
Newtons 1st law: An object at rest tends to stay at rest and an object in motion tends to
stay in motion unless acted upon by an external force.
Basically, it means that an object will keep doing what it was doing unless acted upon by
an external force. If the object was sitting still, it will remain stationary. If it was moving
at a constant velocity, it will keep moving at a constant velocity unless acted upon by an
external force.
It takes force to change the motion of an object or to move a stationary object.
Momentum=M*V (Momentum is defined as the amount of motion occurring in something
that is moving, or the force that drives something forward to keep it moving.)

OR
(The strength or force that something has when it is moving.: the strength or force that
allows something to continue or to grow stronger or faster as time passes. physics: the property
that a moving object has due to its mass and its motion.)

Force=M*A
Kinetic Energy/ KE=1/2*M*V2
Definition of Force:
 Force is a push of pull
 Force is the action that has the ability to create or change motion
 Force is the product of mass and acceleration
Force
Force is an action that can create or change motion
1. A force is what we call a push or a pull, or any action that has the ability to create
or change motion.
2. Forces can be used to increase the speed of an object decrease the speed of an
object, or change the direction in which the object is moving.
Inertia:
Inertial is a term that is used to measure the ability of an object to resist change is its state
of motion. The word “Inertia” comes from the Latin word “Inertus” meaning lazy
The more mass an object has the greater its inertia
An object with a lot of inertia takes a lot of force to start or stop or change its direction,
on the other hand an object with a small amount of inertia requires a small amount of
force to start, stop or change its direction
There are two types of inertia:
1. Static Inertia
2. Kinetic Inertia
Static Inertia: The tendency of any object to resist a change in its state of rest is called
static inertia
Kinetic Inertia: The tendency of an object to resist any change in its motion or to resist
the force wanting to stop it or change its direction.
Forces are of two types
1. Balanced
2. Unbalanced
Balanced Forces:
If the forces acting on an object are equal and opposite or if the total force/Resultant force
is zero they are said to be balanced, and the object experiences no change in
motion/velocity.
An object that is in constant motion or velocity is also an example of a balanced force.
F=ma A=v-u/t So, there is no change in velocity/motion so the forces are balanced
0=ma 0=v-u
A=0 v=u
Newton’s 1st law Extended
Inertia: The tendency of an object to resist changes in its state or motion or rest.
The First Law states that all objects have inertia. The more mass an object has the more
inertia it has and the harder it is to change its state of motion.
How to overcome inertia in a car:
 The engine-It supplies force that allows you to change its motion by pressing the
pedal
 The brake system: It is designed to help you change your motion by slowing down
 The steering wheel and steering system: It’s designed to help you change your
motion by changing your direction.
Terminal Velocity: If you throw a ball upwards it will eventually slow down and fall due
to the force of gravity. While it’s falling air resistance will act against it which will result
in reaching an equilibrium between the opposing forces of gravity and air resistance
which will result in it being a balanced force where there is a resultant force of 0 and it
reaches terminal velocity.