PRE –

CALCULUS
(SHS-PRECAL)

OUR LADY OF FATIMA UNIVERSITY

SY: 2021 – 2022 (SECOND SEMESTER)
LESSON 5
TRIGONOMETRY
(Basic Concepts)
ANGLES IN A UNIT CIRCLE
LEARNING OUTCOMES:

1. Define angles and its basic concepts;

2. Convert degree measure to radian measure, and vice-versa;
3. Illustrate angles in standard position, reference and co-
terminal angles, and;
4. Illustrate complementary and supplementary angles.
 ANGLE
Definition: An angle is a figure formed by
two lines or rays that have common
endpoints. The common endpoint is called
the vertex, and the rays are the legs. The
fixed ray is called the initial side while the
moving ray is the terminal side.
How do we name an angle?
1. By using Greek Alphabets
Hb. – theta, – alpha, - beta
2. By using Capital Letters with
Hb. , and so on…
3. By using Capital Letters with
Hb. – single letter represents the whole angle
– the first and last letters represent the rays, while the
middle letter is the vertex
 ROTATION OF AN ANGLE

Counter - clockwise Clockwise

Definition: Counter - clockwise is
the opposite direction of the
movement of the clock and is
represented by the positive
direction.
Definition: Clockwise has a similar
movement to the hand of the clock
and represented by a negative
direction.
 ANGLES IN STANDARD POSITION
Definition: An angle is in standard position in the Cartesian Plane when
its initial side lies on the x – axis and the vertex is located at the origin.

The location of the angle in the Cartesian plane is based on the last
position of its terminal side.
 ANGLE MEASUREMENT UNITS

DEGREE
Definition: Degree is an angle
measurement taken from dividing a
whole circle into 360 parts. is
equivalent to . A unit degree can
also be divided further into minute
and second.
 CONVERSION OF ANGLE UNITS

RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN DEGREES RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN DEGREES

AND MINUTES/SECONDS AND RADIANS

Complete Rotation

Half Rotation

1. To convert degrees to radians, multiply by

2. To convert radians to degrees, multiply by .
Hb: Convert the following angle units.
1. to minute 2. to seconds

3. to degrees 4. to degrees
Hb: Convert the following angle units.
5. to rad 6. to degrees

7. to rad 8. to degrees
Distribution of Angles in Degree and Radian Units in the
Cartesian Plane
 ANGLES IN STANDARD POSITION
Definition: An angle is in standard position in the Cartesian Plane when
its initial side lies on the x – axis and the vertex is located at the origin.

The location of the angle in the Cartesian plane is based on the last
position of its terminal side.
Hb: Locate the following angle in Cartesian Coordinate Plane.
1. 2.
Hb: Locate the following angle in Cartesian Coordinate Plane.
3. 4.
 REFERENCE ANGLE

Definition: Reference Angle is an angle that is any smallest positive

acute angle that is measured from the terminal side of a given angle to
the nearest x-axis. This angle is denoted by .
REFERENCE ANGLE
CASE 1: Given angle is in Q1
The reference angle is the same
CASE 2: Given angle is in Q2
The reference angle is the difference
between or and the given angle.
or
REFERENCE ANGLE

CASE 3: Given angle is in Q3 CASE 4: Given angle is in Q4 CASE 5: Given angle

or or measures beyond or

Deduct all the complete

rotation until it’s
measurement become lower
than or then from the
remaining value, identify
which case to use.
Hb: Compute for the reference angle of the following.
1. 2.
Hb: Compute for the reference angle of the following.
3. 4.
 COTERMINAL ANGLES
Definition: Coterminal Angles are two or more different angles that are having the
same terminal and initial side.
Single angle may have several coterminal angles which can be taken from
accumulation of angles in clockwise and counterclockwise rotation.
In general, we can look for the coterminal
angles using the following formulas:

For Counterclockwise Direction:

or
For Clockwise Direction:
or

Where is the number of rotation.

Hb: Determine the coterminal angles of the following.
1. within 2 rotations. 2.
TYPES OF ANGLES
 ANGLE RELATIONSHIPS
Definition: Angles are complementary angles if the sum of two angles is , then
the angles are known to be complementary angles. In other words, the angles
add up to form a right angle.

Facts about Complementary Angles:

• Two right angles cannot complement
each other.
• Two obtuse angles cannot complement
each other.
• Two complementary angles are acute,
but not vice-versa.
∠ 𝐴𝑂𝐷 𝑎𝑛𝑑∠ 𝐷𝑂𝐵 𝑎𝑟𝑒𝑐𝑜𝑚𝑝𝑙𝑒𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑎𝑟𝑦 𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑙𝑒𝑠 .
 ANGLE RELATIONSHIPS
Definition: Angles are supplementary angles if the sum of two angles is , then
the angles are known to be supplementary angles. In other words, the angles add
up to form a straight angle.

∠ 𝐴𝑂𝐵𝑎𝑛𝑑∠ 𝐴𝑂𝐶 𝑎𝑟𝑒 𝑠𝑢𝑝𝑝𝑙𝑒𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑎𝑟𝑦 𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑙𝑒𝑠 .

Facts about Supplementary Angles:
• Two right angles are supplementary
angles.
• Two obtuse angles cannot supplement
each other.
[END] LESSON 5
1. Angles (Basic Concepts)
2. Conversion of Degrees to Radian
(vice – versa)
3. Angles in Cartesian Coordinate Plane
4. Reference and Coterminal Angles
5. Types of Angles
6. Complementary and Supplementary
Angles