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MATHEMATICS CLASS
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WELCOME TO
Angles and Angle Measurement
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objectives

Objectives:

At the end of the lesson, you should be able to:

• distinguish the different kinds of angles, and locate their positions
in Cartesian plane;
• determine the reference angle;
• find positive and negative coterminal angles; and
• convert angles from degree measure to radian and vice versa;
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Trigonometry
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TRIGONOMETRY

Angles and Angle Measurement

Trigonometry is a branch of mathematics concerned with the lengths

of the sides and size of the angles of triangles.
• An angle is determined by rotating a ray about its endpoint.
• The starting position of the ray is called the initial side of the
angle.
• The ending position of the ray is called the terminal side.
• The endpoint of the ray is called its vertex.
• Positive angles are generated by counterclockwise rotation.
• Negative angles are generated by clockwise rotation.
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Angle

ANGLE

An angle can be drawn in the xy-plane. An angle

with its vertex at the origin and its initial side
along the positive x-axis is said to be in standard
position.
Figure 1 Figure 2

The location of an angle in standard position can

be determined by finding the quadrant containing
its terminal side.
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Angle

KINDS OF ANGLES

Acute angle – an angle whose measurement is

between 0 and 90 degrees.
Obtuse angle – an angle whose measurement is
between 90 and 180 degrees.
Complementary angle
Right angle – an angle whose measurement is
exactly 90 degrees.
Straight angle – an angle whose measurement is
exactly 180 degrees.
Reflex angle – an angle whose measurement is
between 180 and 360 degrees.
Complementary angles – two angles whose sum Supplementary angle
is 90 degrees.
Supplementary angles – two angles whose sum is
180 degrees.
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Coterminal Angle

COTERMINAL ANGLES

Coterminal angles are angles in standard position (angles with the initial side on the positive x -axis) that
have a common terminal side.
For example 30

To find a positive and a negative angle coterminal with a given

angle, you can add and subtract if the angle is measured in
degrees or if the angle measured in radians.
Examples: Find a positive and a negative coterminal angle
of the following:
1.  Pos.Cot. Neg.Cot.
2.  Pos.Cot. Neg.Cot.
3.  Pos.Cot. Neg.Cot.
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Reference Angle

REFERENCE ANGLE

The reference angle of a given angle in standard position is the smallest positive acute angle
determined by the x-axis and the terminal side of
L be a positive angle within one rotation, i.e.,

The reference angle of any other angle can be obtained by first finding a positive coterminal angle of ,
within one rotation, then by using the procedure in the previous table.
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Reference Angle

REFERENCE ANGLE (example)

Find the reference angle of the following angles:

Since is an acute angle and located in QI,
1. = 45 degrees
2. = 300 degrees Since is located in QIV,

3. = -70 degrees Since the positive coterminal of is and its located in QIV,

4. = 200 degrees Since is located in QIII,

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System of measuring angles

MEASURING ANGLES

There are two commonly known used systems in measuring angles, the Degree System and the Radian
System. Both systems measure a central angle, an angle with vertex at the center of a circle.

RULES IN CONVERSION BETWEEN DEGREES AND RADIANS

1. To convert from degrees to radians, multiply the number of degrees by .
2. To convert from radians to degrees, multiply the number of radians by

Example:
1. Convert to radian measure in terms of .
2. Convert radians to degrees.
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