STATISTICAL

TREATMENT
OF DATA
STEPHANIE N. BONGOLAN
DESCRIPTIVE STATISTICS
MEASURES OF CENTRAL
TENDENCY
Mean - the arithmetic average of the
distribution
Median - the middle value that separates
the higher value and the lower value
equally.
Mode - the most frequently occuring value
MEASURES OF
VARIABILITY
Standard Deviation - measure of
dispersion around the mean

Variance - the square of the standard

deviation

Range - the difference between maximum

and minimum
 T - test
Allows the comparison of the mean of 2
groups.

Types of T-test
1. INDEPENDENT SAMPLE T-test
Applies when there are two separate population to
compare.
2. PAIRED SAMPLE T-test
Appropriate when there are two measures to
be compared for a single population.
ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE
(ANOVA)
A general method of drawing conclusions
regarding differences of population means
when two or more comparison groups are
involved.

The T-test is a special case of ANOVA when

considering only two groups.
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