Heart

Cardiovascular system
Vascular diseases

Khassenov Rakhym GM22 059

 The cardiovascular system includes

heart

blood vessels

lymphatic vessels
 Valves

semilunar valves –
between ventricles
and arteries

a
rt
ao
the tricuspid valve – LA
between the right
atrium and the right RA
ventricle

LV
the mitral valve – RV
between the left
atrium and the left
ventricle
The heart works as a pump. It circulates blood
throughout the body.
It is interesting to know

 Heart makes 100 thousand beats per day and almost 40

million beats during the year.

 During the life the human heart throw out so much

blood into the aorta that it could fill a channel length of
5 km.

 The heart begins to beat in the fourth week after

impregnation and does not stop until the human dies.
 Blood vessels

Arteries Veins Capillaries

vessels carrying blood vessels returning blood thin-walled vessels
away from the heart to the heart
 СО
The small blood О₂ The large blood
₂
circle circle
The left
The right ventricle
ventricle
Aorta
Pulmonary
artery
Arteries

Capillaries
of lungs Capillaries
of organs

pulmonary The superior

veins vena cava and
the interior vena
cava
The left
atrium The right
СО
О₂ atrium
₂
 Functions

1. Trasportation (the nutrients, oxygen are carried by the

blood stream and cellular wastes are carried away by
the blood stream).

2. Regulation (supply the constant inner state and

temperature of the body).

3. Protection (provide the immunity and the blood

clotting).
What are heart and vascular
diseases?
 Hypertension
• is a persistent increase in blood pressure due to deterioration
of blood vessels, kidney pathology, diabetes
mellitus. •
 Hypotension
• is a decrease in pressure against the background of
atherosclerosis, anemia, osteochondrosis of the cervical spine,
myocarditis, ulcers, heart failure, infectious process
 Hypertensive crisis
is a serious condition characterized by a sharp increase in blood
pressure, requires urgent care.
The main causes of heart
disease.
 accumulation of cholesterol
 high blood pressure
 Smoking
 Diabetes mellitus
 Obesity
 Physical inactivity
 Physical and nervous fatigue
These factors can kill the heart and blood vessels, lead to
early disability and even end in death.
Thank you for your
attention) Be healthy!