ACADEMY OF TECHNOLOGY

Department: ECE Semester: 8th

Paper Name: Industrial Automation and Control Paper Code: PE-EC 802B

Power Point Presentation on : POTENTIOMETER

Presented by

Name of the Student: SARTHAK BHATTACHARJEE University Roll No: 16900319115

To fulfil the requirement of Continuous Assessment 1 [CA1] of B. Tech Course.

 Introduction
• A potentiometer is a manually adjustable, variable resistor with three terminals.

• Two terminals are connected to the ends of a resistive element, the third
terminal is connected to an adjustable wiper. The position of the wiper sets the
resistive divider ratio. A wide variety of potmeters exist.

• Sensors and Transducers are input and output devices respectively that can be
incorporated into an electronic circuit or system allowing it to measure or
change its surrounding environment.

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 Potentiometer
     

• A potentiometer is a manually adjustable variable resistor with 3 terminals.

• Two of the terminals are connected to the opposite ends of a resistive element, and the third terminal
connects to a sliding contact, called a wiper, moving over the resistive element.

• The potentiometer essentially functions as a variable resistance divider.

• The resistive element can be seen as two resistors in series (the total potentiometer resistance), where the
wiper position determines the resistance ratio of the first resistor to the second resistor.

• If a reference voltage is applied across the end terminals, the position of the wiper determines the output
voltage of the potentiometer.

• A potentiometer is also commonly known as a potmeter or pot. The most common form of potmeter is the
single turn rotary potmeter.

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Sensors
• A sensor is a device that responds to any change in physical phenomena or
environmental variables like heat, pressure, humidity, movement etc.

• This change affects the physical, chemical or electromagnetic properties of the sensors
which is further processed to a more usable and readable form. Sensor is the heart of a
measurement system.

• It is the first element that comes in contact with environmental variables to generate an
output.

• The signal produced by the sensor is equivalent to the quantity to be measured.

Sensors are used to measure a particular characteristic of any object or device.

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Characteristics of Sensors
• High Sensitivity: Sensitivity indicates how much the output of the device changes
with unit change in input (quantity to be measured). For example the voltage of a
temperature sensor changes by 1mV for every 1oC change in temperature than the
sensitivity of the sensor is said to be 1mV/oC.

• Linearity: The output should change linearly with the input.

• High Resolution: Resolution is the smallest change in the input that the device can
detect.

• Less Noise and Disturbance.

• Less power consumption.

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Actuators and Transducers
• Devices which perform an “Input” function are commonly called Sensors
because they “sense” a physical change in some characteristic that changes in
response to some excitation, for example heat or force and convert that into an
electrical signal.
• Devices which perform an “Output” function are generally called Actuators
and are used to control some external device, for example movement or sound.
• Electrical Transducers are used to convert energy of one kind into energy of
another kind, so for example, a microphone (input device) converts sound
waves into electrical signals for the amplifier to amplify (a process), and a
loudspeaker (output device) converts these electrical signals back into sound
waves.
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Conclusion

• The principal technical drivers for sensor development may come from
enabling/supporting technologies other than materials technology.

• Most recent advances in sensors have not originated from the synthesis of new
transduction materials (except perhaps for chemical sensors) but from innovations in
low-cost, large-scale manufacturing of interconnections, microelectronics, and
micromachining.

• Sensors are central to industrial applications being used for process control,

monitoring, and safety. Sensors are also central to medicine being used for
diagnostics, monitoring, critical care, and public health.

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References

• A.K.Sawhney, A course in Electrical and Electronic Measurement and

Instrument,Dhanpat Rai & Co.

• D Patranabis,Sensors and Transducers,PHI.

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THANK YOU