Amrutvahini College of Engineering, Sangamner, 2022-23

Department Of Mechanical engineering

A Report Presentation
on
“Digital Transmissibility Analysis Of Shock Absorber”

Presented by,
Under The Guidance of
Radhesham Balasaheb Bhise
Pushkraj Tukaram Gawale Prof. A.V.DEOKER
Shubham Gangaram Gujar
Sachin Vishnu Dongare
 CONTENT

1.Introduction
2.Need of Project
3. Aim and Objectives
4.Need of project
5.Working
6.Expected outcomes
7.Gantt Chart
8.Literature Survey
9.Expected cost
10.Reference
 Introduction

• Shock absorber is a device which is generally used in all automobiles. It absorbs some amount of force,
motion & transmits remaining force & motion to the person who is sitting on vehicle.
• Input force & motion is given by due to uneven path like speed breakers, ditches etc. Part of force &
motion is absorbed due to spring & damper arrangement.
• In damper damping occurs for small velocities in lubricated sliding surface dashpot with small clearances
etc.
• The amount if damping resistance will depend upon the relative velocities & parameters of damping
system.
Vibrations:

When any elastic body such as spring, shaft or beam, is displaced from the equilibrium position by the application of
external forces and then released, it commences cyclic motion. Such cyclic motion of a body or a system, due to elastic
deformation under the action of external forces, is known as vibration. All bodies possessing mass and elasticity are
capable of vibration.

Causes of Vibration:

The main causes of vibration are as follows: -

1. Unbalanced force in the machine: These forces are produced from within the machine itself.

2. Dry friction between the two mating surfaces: This produces what are known as self-excited vibration.

3. External excitation: This excitation may be periodic random, or of the nature of an impact produced external to
the vibrating system.

4. Earthquake: These may cause of vibration of transmission & telephone lines under certain conditions
2. Undesirable effect of vibrations:
Vibration occurs in many common engineering systems & if uncontrolled can lead to catastrophic results,
e.g.

1. Excessive stresses: Vibrations of the structure induced during an earthquak lead to large stresses & can result
in structural failure.

2. Undesirable noise: Excessive vibration of industrial compressor or pumps increases the noise level in the
machine surrounding con induce vibration of the surrounding structure & cause inefficient operation of the
machine.

3. Looseness of parts: Vibration resulting from the rotating unbalanced in a helicopter blade can lead to the pilots
loosing controlled of helicopter & crashing
Terminologies and definitions

1. Time period: In the both rectilinear &torsion types of vibration analysis, a steady state mechanical
vibration is the motion of system repeated after an interval of time known the time period

2. Cycle: The motion completed in any one period of time.

3. Frequency: The number of cycles per unit time is called frequency.

4. Amplitude: The maximus displacement of vibrating body from the mean position.

5. Natural frequency: Frequency of free vibration of the system. It is a constant for a given system

6. Resonance: The vibration of the system when the frequency of external force is equal to natural frequency
of the system.

7. Damping: Damping is nothing but resistance to motion of vibrating body.

• Pgase difference: It is the angle between two rotating vectors representing simple harmonic motions of same
frequency.

• Simple harmonic motion: A periodic motion of a particle whose acceleration is always directed towards the mean
position & is proportional to its distance from the mean position

• Modes of vibration: The word relates to the shape or form of motion, e.g. linear or

• translation, angular or torsion, flexural, transverse or lateral.

• Nodes: The word "Node" applies to any point on line, which is stationary at all times in a vibrating or oscillating
system.
Types of Vibration
Free Vibration
Acording to actuating
force
Forced Vibration

undamped vibration
According to externel
resistance
Damped Vibration

longitudinal
vibration

types of According to motion of Transverse

vibration sysytem w.r.t. Axis vibration

torsional vibration

Linear vibration
According to Behaviour
of vibrating system
Non-linear vibration

Deterministic
according to magnitude of vibration
actuating force at a given
time random vibration
According to actuating force
A. Free Vibration:
If the external force is removed after giving an initial displacement to the system, then the system vibrates on its own
due to internal elastic forces. Such type of vibrations are knows as free vibrations
Example: Oscillation of simple pendulum

B. Forced Vibration:

If a system or a body is subjected to a periodic external excitation force, then the resulting vibrations are known
forced vibration

Example: Vibrations of I.C. engine, electric motor, centrifugal pump,

According to external resistance
B. Undamped vibration

If there is no external resistance to the vibration of a system, then such vibrations are known as undamped vibrations
The negligible resistance (damping) is also considered as an undamped condition.
B. Damped Vibration

If an external resistance is provided to the vibrating system, then such vibrations are known as damped vibrations
The external resistance is called damping.

According to motion of system w.r.t. Axis

A. longitudinal vibration
•When the particles of the shaft move parallel to the axis of the shaft as shown in fig. then the vibrations
are known as "Longitudinal Vibration".
B. Transverse vibration:

•When the particles of the shaft move in the circle about the axis of the shaft as shown in fig. then the
vibrations are known as "Torsion Vibration".

C. Torsional vibrations:

•When the particles of the shaft move approximately perpendicular to the axis of shaft shown in fig. then
the vibration are known as "Transverse Vibration".
According To Magnitude Of Actuating Force At a Given Time
A. Deterministic Vibration:
If the magnitude of the external excitation force acting on a vibrating system is known at any given time, then
the excitation is known as deterministic
B. Random Vibrations:
If the magnitude of the external excitation force acting on a vibrating system cannot be predicted at any given
time, then the excitation is known is non-deterministic

According to Behaviour of vibrating system

B. Linear Vibrations
In a vibrating system, if basic components i.e. spring, mass and damper, behave linearly then the resulting
vibrations are known as linear vibrations

• Non-linear Vibrations

If any of the three basic components of the vibrating system behave non-linearly, then the resulting vibrations are
known as non-linear vibrations.
 Shock Absorber
A shock absorber is a mechanical device designed to smooth out or damp shock impulse, and dissipate kinetic energy. A
conventional automotive shock absorber dampens suspension movement to produce a controlled action that keeps the tire
firmly on the road. This is done by converting the kinetic energy into heat energy, which is then absorbed by the shock's oil.
Shock absorbers are an important part of the suspension systems of automobiles, motorcycles, and other wheeled or tracked
vehicles, as well as aircraft landing gear and the supports for many industrial machines.

Types of shock absorber

Classification of Shock-Absorber depending upon their application:

A. Coil-Over Shock Absorber: Safe vehicle is one that has smooth and responsive suspension system. Coil-over
shocks are simple designed shock absorber that gives effective control and smooth riding to the vehicle.

B. Power generating type shock absorber: The Power-Generating Shock Absorber (PGSA) converts this kinetic
energy into electricity instead of heat through the use of a Linear Motion Electromagnetic System (LMES).

C. Air Shock Absorber: Air shock absorber makes the use of compressed air for the spring which is an integral
part of the shock. The addition of air in the shock make the shock absorber stiffer.

D. Damper Shock Absorber: Damper Shock Absorber Damper shock absorber or simply damper is device that is
designed for providing absorption of shock and smooth deceleration in linear motion applications.
Aim:
The aim of this project is to digitize the transmissibility analysis experimental setup and to study the shock
absorber and its shock transmissibility analysis and plotting the transmissibility graphs.

Objectives
1. To plot transmissibility curves.
2. To plot excitation using electronic device instead of strip chart recorder.
3. To make the setup flexible to attach and detach shock absorber.
4. To analyse transmissibility at various speed and load with minimum errors.
5. To collect the different type of IOT Equipment’s information and study on it.
6. Develop the Client & Server program to establish the wireless communication between micro-controller and
computer.

7. Develop the user-friendly GUI application

8. To avoid unwanted vibrations from old setup.
Need of Project

 Transmissibility analysis of shock absorber at various speed or frequency with minimum possible errors.
 Transmissibility analysis experimental setup was already in DOM lab, using the strip chart recorder to record the
amplitude of vibration.
 The aim is to make it Digital for plotting Digital graphs and transmissibility analysis with computer program
which is user friendly, much more accurate and provide more details.
Working
Working
Expected Outcomes

 Will Make the project model from Analog to Digital.

 To plot the displacement graph with respect to Time.
 Plot the Transmissibility graph with respect to Frequency Ratio.
 Developed GUI application in python which collect data from sensor, perform computation on that data and
represent the outcomes in the form of graphs for analysis.
 Literature Survey

 Xin jen Lei & Yun xin Wu “Mechanical vibration monitoring based on wireless sensor
network” Article number 225 (2020)
 Python GUI Programming Cookbook - Third Edition, published by Packt. (December
2015)
 E-nuo Chen “Remote analysis of mechanical vibration based on client/server
architecture” Article number 10953112 (Aug 2009)
 Fu Xiao Yan “Dynamic analysis of vibration equipment’s” conference number 16252670
(July 2016)
 Ronald L. Huston “Principles of vibration analysis”, (January 04, 2019)
 Cost OF Project
Sr. Product Name Qty Product
No. Cost
1 Power Supply Adapter 1 152
2 Bluetooth Module 1 207
3 Linear Accelerometer 2 144
4 NodeMCU ESP8266 1 212
5 Power Module Multioutput voltage 1 187
conversion
6 Male to Female Jumper Wires 40 120
7 Hardware Accessories - 1500
8 Manufacturing Accessories - 2000
Total Cost 4666
 Reference
 Python documentation
https://docs.python.org/3/library/tk.html
https://docs.micropython.org/en/latest/esp8266/tutorial/intro.html
 HC-05 Bluetooth module:
https://components101.com/wireless/hc-05-bluetooth-module
 ADXL345-triple axis linear accelerometer information:
https://components101.com/modules/adxl345-accelerometer-module
 NodeMCU ESP8266 WIFI development board:
https://components101.com/development-boards/nodemcu-esp8266-pinout
-features-and-datasheet
 Power Module Multi Output Voltage Conversion:
https://www.electronicscomp.com/dc-dc-12v-to-3.3v-5v-12v-power-modul
e-multi-output-voltage-conversion?search= Power%20Module%20Multi%
20Output%20Voltage%20Conversion