Lesson 4 - The Human Person in Their Environment

Department of Education
NEW GENERATION INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL

PHILOSOPHY
Topic 4 - The human person in
their environment
Ederlyn D. Santos
QUOTE OF THE DAY
Emailngisshs@gmail.com
Email Address: Address: ngisshs@gmail.com EDUCATION WITH THE CULTURE OF THE HEART
Tel. No.: (046) 419-2272Tel. No.: (046) 419-2272 / 419-1982
/ 419-1982 NGIS
OBJECTIVES
 Identify the environmental philosophy, Anthropocentrism
 Evidence of human transforming the environment
 Identify Biocentrism, Ecocentrism, Environmental aesthetics,
Environmentalism, Environmental ethics
 Identify the Three Development views of Environmental ethics
 Uphold environmentalism and care for nature

 Three important principles of sustainability
Tel. No.: (046) 419-2272Tel. No.: (046) 419-2272 / 419-1982
/ 419-1982 NGIS
Environmental philosophy or environmental ethics
 a branch of philosophy that is

concerned with the natural
environment and humanity’s
place int it.
 It deals with issues concerning
humanity’s role in the world,
the interaction between
nature and humans, and
human response to
environmental challenges.
Tel. No.: (046) 419-2272Tel. No.: (046) 419-2272 / 419-1982
/ 419-1982 NGIS
Environmental philosophy or environmental ethics
 Philosophers believe that

persons have a special
relationship with nature
because of their rationality.
They are not only part of
nature, but they can also
shape, transform, and
cultivate it. However, this also
means that they are also
capable of inflicting the most
harm on it.
Tel. No.: (046) 419-2272Tel. No.: (046) 419-2272 / 419-1982
/ 419-1982 NGIS
Three major views regarding the relationship
between humanity and the environment
1. Anthropocentrism
considers humans the most
significant species on the planet,
and that nature provides
humankind with the means to
survive and develop.
Tel. No.: (046) 419-2272Tel. No.: (046) 419-2272 / 419-1982
/ 419-1982 NGIS
Evidence of human transforming the environment
• Landscapes were reshaped to
schools, building, and other
structures.
• Farmers till vast tract of land
to grow crops, loggers clear
forests for lumber, and mining
companies dig up land and
even level mountains to
access minerals and metals.
Tel. No.: (046) 419-2272Tel. No.: (046) 419-2272 / 419-1982
/ 419-1982 NGIS
Three major views regarding the relationship between
humanity and the environment
2. Biocentrism
• Believes that humans are not
only significant species on the
planet, but rather, all
organisms have inherent value
and should be protected.
• This view drives the activities
of human organizations that
advocate the ethical
treatment of animals.
Tel. No.: (046) 419-2272Tel. No.: (046) 419-2272 / 419-1982
/ 419-1982 NGIS
2. Biocentrism
• Our government has passed
laws that recognize the rights
of animals to be treated
kindly, such as R.A. 8485 or
“The Animal Welfare Act of
1998”
Tel. No.: (046) 419-2272Tel. No.: (046) 419-2272 / 419-1982
/ 419-1982 NGIS
3. Ecocentrism
• emphasizes great value on
ecosystems and biological
communities.
• This view believes that
humankind is part of a greater
biological system or
community and that we have
a significant role as stewards
or guardians of nature.
Tel. No.: (046) 419-2272Tel. No.: (046) 419-2272 / 419-1982
/ 419-1982 NGIS
3. Ecocentrism
• This view also promotes the
idea that order and balance in
nature brings about stability
and beauty.
• Biologists believe that all
biological organisms living
with each other and that each
organism occupies a
significant role within an
ecosystem.
Tel. No.: (046) 419-2272Tel. No.: (046) 419-2272 / 419-1982
/ 419-1982 NGIS
3. Ecocentrism
• Human activities have a
significant impact on
the environment.
• Current scientific evidence
proves that human activities
over the centuries have
resulted in great changes in
climate patterns throughout
the world.
Tel. No.: (046) 419-2272Tel. No.: (046) 419-2272 / 419-1982
/ 419-1982 NGIS
3. Ecocentrism
• Climate change and its related
effects are among the most
important environmental
issues we face today.
Tel. No.: (046) 419-2272Tel. No.: (046) 419-2272 / 419-1982
/ 419-1982 NGIS
Environmental aesthetics
• is a philosophical view that
believes maintaining order in
the environment will bring out
the natural beauty of the
surroundings and contribute
to the well-being of the
people and other organisms
living in it.
Tel. No.: (046) 419-2272Tel. No.: (046) 419-2272 / 419-1982
/ 419-1982 NGIS
Humanity
• address the damage inflected

on the environment
Tel. No.: (046) 419-2272Tel. No.: (046) 419-2272 / 419-1982
/ 419-1982 NGIS
Humanity
Environmentalism
• advocates to address the
growing environmental
problems.
Tel. No.: (046) 419-2272Tel. No.: (046) 419-2272 / 419-1982
/ 419-1982 NGIS
Humanity
Environmental ethics
• is a moral approach that
analyzes the relationship
between humans and the
environment and seeks to
address environmental
problems brought about by
human activities.
Tel. No.: (046) 419-2272Tel. No.: (046) 419-2272 / 419-1982
/ 419-1982 NGIS
The main ideas of environmental ethics
• All nonhuman elements of the

world, including animals and
natural resources, have
intrinsic value and should be
preserved.
Tel. No.: (046) 419-2272Tel. No.: (046) 419-2272 / 419-1982
/ 419-1982 NGIS
• The reservation of the

environment will benefit
humans by providing for the
needs of present and future
generations.
Tel. No.: (046) 419-2272Tel. No.: (046) 419-2272 / 419-1982
/ 419-1982 NGIS
• Humankind has a
responsibility to safeguard the
planet as stewards of creation.
Tel. No.: (046) 419-2272Tel. No.: (046) 419-2272 / 419-1982
/ 419-1982 NGIS
Three Development views of Environmental ethics
1. Social ecology
• applies an ecological and
ethical approach in analyzing
society, and sees a
relationship between social
problems and environmental
problems.
• Society should therefore,
implement changes in order
to address issues regarding
the environment.
Tel. No.: (046) 419-2272Tel. No.: (046) 419-2272 / 419-1982
/ 419-1982 NGIS
2. Environmental justice
• refers to the fair distribution
of environmental benefits, as
well as the burden of meeting
environmental challenges.
• Environmental justice
influenced the emergence of
the concepts of climate ethics
and climate justice.
Tel. No.: (046) 419-2272Tel. No.: (046) 419-2272 / 419-1982
/ 419-1982 NGIS
3. Environmental aesthetics
• advocates emphasizes that
knowledge about nature will
not only enable humans
appreciate nature’s innate
beauty but will also help them
relate more effectively.
• Uphold environmentalism and
care for nature.
Tel. No.: (046) 419-2272Tel. No.: (046) 419-2272 / 419-1982
/ 419-1982 NGIS
Sustainability or sustainable development
• One of the major concepts
that drive environmentalism.
• This concept focuses on
reconciling human activities
and economic development
with the protection of the
environment.
Tel. No.: (046) 419-2272Tel. No.: (046) 419-2272 / 419-1982
/ 419-1982 NGIS
• One of the major ideas of

sustainability is that we must
make wise decisions regarding
the use of natural resources to
ensure that there is still
enough left for future use.
Tel. No.: (046) 419-2272Tel. No.: (046) 419-2272 / 419-1982
/ 419-1982 NGIS
Example:
According to a 2011 report by the World Food Programme, about
one-third of the total food supply is wasted throughout the world.
In 2008, a study of the Philippine Rice Research Institute estimates
that every Filipino wastes about 3.2 kilograms of rice every year.
That food could have fed other people but sadly it often goes to
waste.
• This fact highlights one important idea related to sustainability:
that the misuse of resources often means that other people do
not get to benefit from it.
Tel. No.: (046) 419-2272Tel. No.: (046) 419-2272 / 419-1982
/ 419-1982 NGIS
Three important principles of sustainability
1. Environmental integrity
• refers to maintaining the
state of environment.
Tel. No.: (046) 419-2272Tel. No.: (046) 419-2272 / 419-1982
/ 419-1982 NGIS
2. Economic efficiency
• refers to the prudence in
decision-making regarding the
use of resources to ensure that
there is minimum to zero waste.
Tel. No.: (046) 419-2272Tel. No.: (046) 419-2272 / 419-1982
/ 419-1982 NGIS
3. Equity
• demands that we use our
natural resources in such a
manner that these are
conserved so that the next
generation will be able to use
them
Tel. No.: (046) 419-2272Tel. No.: (046) 419-2272 / 419-1982
/ 419-1982 NGIS
Prudence
• is the ability to regulate one’s

actions and behavior.
Tel. No.: (046) 419-2272Tel. No.: (046) 419-2272 / 419-1982
/ 419-1982 NGIS
Frugality
• is being thrifty with the use of
one’s resources.
• As human persons, it is our responsibility
to treat with respect not only our fellow
humans, but also everything in our world.
Upholding environmentalism and
sustainability will enable us to take the
first steps in addressing environmental
issues and contribute to solving the
greater environmental challenge of
climate change.
Tel. No.: (046) 419-2272Tel. No.: (046) 419-2272 / 419-1982
/ 419-1982 NGIS

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Department of Education

NEW GENERATION INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL

 Uphold environmentalism and care for nature

 a branch of philosophy that is

 Philosophers believe that

• address the damage inflected

• All nonhuman elements of the

• The reservation of the

• One of the major ideas of

• is the ability to regulate one’s

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