CHAPTER 5: SAFETY

AND HEALTH
PROGRAM AT
WORKPLACE
Here is where your
presentation begins
Introduction
• Formulating and organizing OSH Management programs and accident prevention is
one of the most importing things.
• It is important knowing what to do and how to impact/create employees’ awareness of
OSH, compliance and adherence with OSH laws.
• With a safe working environment and proper safe working culture, employees
complying to safety rules and regulations, and adequate management commitment can
actually help to minimize accidents occurrence.
• The cost of accident prevention programs are relatively easy to manage than accidents
that had already occurred which incurred higher costs to the organization.
Basic Principles of Accident
Prevention

01
Management Commitment and
02
Establishing Safety & Health
Leadership Working COnditions

03
Establishing Safe Work Practices
by Employees
Accident Prevention / OSH Management Programs
OSH Policy &
Objective

OSH OSH
Documentation Administer

OSH Programs

OSH Promotion OSH Audits

OSH Inspection
Accident Prevention / OSH Management Programs

OSH Training

Housekeeping
Program

OSH
Programs
Fire Safety
PPE Program
Programs

Chemical
Safety Program
 OSH
POLICY &
OBJECTIV
E
OSH POLICY
● Promoting safety and health begin with a published company OSH Policy
● The OSH Policy should make it clear that safe work practices are always expected
from all levels of employees
Minimal Requirements in OSH
Policy
1. Sets the directions for the organization by stating and communicating the
top management’s values and beliefs and its commitments towards safety,
health and welfare matters in the organization
2. Explain the basis of the policy and how it can contribute to business’
performances
3. Establish the importance of safety and health objectives in relations to other
business objectives
4. Continually improve in the safety and health performances and complying
to all relevant regulations
5. Provide the resources and support as well as trainings to all employees
6. To be signed and dated by the Chairman, or he CEO of the organization.
 OSH Objective
• Specific : Identify key or important areas
• Measurable : Quantify in figures, numbers and indicators that can be
measured
• Achievable : Set targets or goals that are reasonable and manageable to
achieve
• Realistic : Set realistic targets and areas
• Timely : Targets and goals are set within a reasonable time period to
achieve
 OSH
ADMINIST
ER
 Administration of OSH
Programs
● A person/staff should be identified for full responsibility of the OSH programs in any organization.
● PIC (safety engineer, safety manager, safety supervisor etc) given the authority to manage safety and execute
plans, activities, duties and improve occupational safety of work environment.
Administration of OSH Programs
1. Plan and set OSH Objectives for short term and long term
2. Establish OSH Standards for OSH Performances
3. Measure OSH performances, monitor practices and compliances
4. Communicate to all management levels inclusive of top management for promoting OSH
programs and related activities
5. Reduce costs on accident costs, injuries costs, medical costs, workers’ compensation cost
6. Evaluate and re-evaluate OSH programs in view of constant changes and to fulfill contractual
obligations with government, unions, industry, professional bodies and external organizational
groups
7. Provide trainings
 OSH
AUDITS
OSH AUDITS
● Full examination of an identified process or system and an official audit report shall
be published for the management to review and discuss on the audit findings.
OSH AUDITS
1. Why? – Studied the findings – noncompliance raised – corrective and preventive actions should
be taken
2. Why? – Safety audits are proactive control system to provide indicators that risk within
organization are effectively controlled
3. Why? – Whether SHP is achieving its objectives
4. What? – Fire fighting facilities, stairways, corridors, emergency systems and notice, forklifts,
moving machine etc.
 OSH
INSPECTI
ONS
OSH INSPECTIONS
● Inspection is one of the method in identifying hazards, risks, practices or non-
compliances in a plant
 SAFETY INSPECTIONS

Safety
Inspections

Informal Formal/planned Critical

Inspection Inspection Inspection
Informal Inspection
● Made on daily basis by the supervisor / worker himself within department/
workstation
● When? Before start of work and at the end of the day of shift
● Purpose:

○ Tools, machinery and equipment are in safe operating conditions

○ Aisles and passageways are clear and unobstructed

○ Good housekeeping is maintained

○ Employees are complying with established safety rules

Formal/Planned Inspection
● Carried out by SHC and/or together with SHO on periodic/scheduled basis
● A written report from the findings should be made for actions
● Purpose to identify:

○ Potential safety problems such as unsafe equipment, poor housekeeping

practices, fire and explosion hazards

○ Potential equipment deficiencies include unsafe design, inadequate guards on

machines and equipment, defective work tools and equipment

○ Potential unsafe acts by employees including improper lifting, using equipment

unsafely, making safety devices inoperable, failure to use PPE
Formal/Planned Inspection
● Using a checklist and customize to the operations flow and organization activities
● Advantages of using checklist:

○ Provide a systematic checking tool to inspect and check all processes and activities,
machines and at all work areas.

○ As an aid to memory to ensure that important items or substance or equipment or certain

aspects of work processes are not overlooked

○ It helps to make smooth inspection especially to those inspection team members or any
staff who are not well versed with the areas or operatons

○ It serves as objective evidences and records and a system of accountability for

management on safety performance assessment
Critical Part Inspection
● Inspection and checking of operating equipment by operating personnel as part of
maintenance procedure.
● Example: overhead cranes cables, hooks, punch presses, fire extinguishers, PPE, etc.
● Critical inspection encompass specific monitoring programs such as noise
monitoring, audiometric tests, and medical tests that are costly to be carried out and
done once in two or three years.
 OSH
PROMOTI
ONS
OSH PROMOTIONS
● OSH promotions are effective through persuasion, encouragement and motivation
OSH Promotions
● The goals of OSH promotion programs are to get participation from employees
● OSH Promotion program include:

○ Establishing company OSH Policy and environmental policy, Communications,

Employee's participation, OSH information and documentation, Training programs,
Housekeeping (5S programs), PPE Program, Proper chemical handling procedure and
MSDS
 OSH
DOCUMENTA
TIONS
 OSH
DOCUMENTATIONS
● Describes the overall OSH management system through the OSH Manual, OSH
Procedure, as well as work instructions
Documented OSH Manual/Procedure/Work
Instruction
● OSH Manual – develop by the organization to describe the overall OSH management
system, policy and its operational structure.
● OSH Procedures – shall describe the detail operational steps relating on how the OSH
activities, inspections, audit, emergency respond and preparedness are to be carried
out.
● Work instruction – include operational flow charts, plans and layouts of work areas,
and defined roles and responsibilities, as well as references.
What to be Documented?

● Minutes of SHC meetings

● Inspection reports/accident reports for future referral and track analysis
● Complaints or feedback received from the workforce
● Medical records f employees on serious sickness/disease
● Monitoring reports (pollution, noise level, smoke level)
● OSH Officer reports
● Hospitalization/ compensation/ claim insurance reports
● MSDS data sheets
● Chemical inventory
● PPE inventory and maintenance record
● Machine safety/hazard assessment (HIRARC) reports
● Fire drill reports/facilities reports
How to Disseminated Information?

● Establishing OSH Newsletters, Hazard Bulletin

● Published latest safety articles and news, books/journals/booklets/conference
proceedings, technical reports from DOSH/NIOSH/Trade Associations
● Manufacturer (supplier) on MSDS, labs reports
● Library/safety notice boards
● Internal documentations such as inspection or accident reports and OSH minute
meetings
 OSH
TRAINING
 OSH TRAINING
● Training is one of the best methods that can influence human behavior for the purpose of developing
sound and safe work habits
● Continuous OSH training with supporting by the management is the key to successful OSH program
OSH Training Programs Needed for?

● Newly-hired employees
● Employees reassigned to other jobs
● Employees returning to work after an external layoff period/ long
medical leave
● When new equipment/process are introduced, or installed
● When need arises to improve or update safe work practices and
procedures
 TYPES OF TRAININGS

Training

OSH
Orientation Departmenta
Educational
Training l Training
Training
HOUSEKEE
PING
PROGRAM
 HOUSEKEEPING
PROGRAM
● Housekeeping includes keeping buildings, plant machinery and equipment organized and properly
maintained.
● Good housekeeping includes daily cleanliness, tidiness and good order in all parts of the wok place
including lunchroom/pantry, restroom, prayer room etc.
5S Principles / Housekeeping Technique

● SEIRI (Organize/structure/stratify) – the important of arrangement of

things which must be based o the frequency of use and degree of
importance those things

● SEITON (Neatness) – The important process of labeling, marking,

numbering, indexing and tagging so that it makes thigs functional
and fit to be used and safe to use.

● SEISO (Cleaning) – The process to get rid of dirt, grime, spills, dusts
and litters through washing, scrubbing, vacuum, dusting, waxing,
scraping and oiling on machines.
5S Principles / Housekeeping Technique

● SEIKETSU ( Standardization) – Used the same coding, colors and

description by everybody in the organization to prevent
misunderstanding that would delay work, production or process.
● SHITSUKE ( Self Discipline) – Everybody must be committed to 5S
program and should done regular housekeeping activities.
 PPE
PROGRAM
PPE PROGRAM
● PPE is needed to reduce risks when engineering controls and safe systems of work
have been applied and some residual hazards is remained.
Factor s Affecting PPE Usage

● When to use – to be worn whenever the hazard is present

● Comfort – User’s comfort is crucial
● Maintenance – PPE must be regularly cleaned, checked and
maintained
● Training – Must know the limitations and correct use through
training
● Interference – correct selection of PPE is important to avoid
interference
● Management Commitment – enforcement, support and
encouragement, discipline, reminders on use of PPE
Head and Neck Protection

● Human Body – Head and neck

● Hazards – Falling or flying objects, risk of head bumping, electric
shock and burn
● Operations – Construction work, mining, shipbuilding, logging,
general maintenance works, steel industry etc.
● PPE options – Caps, hard hats, helmets, bump caps, special
headpieces for high voltage etc
Eye and Face Protection

● Human Body – Eyes and Face

● Hazards – Chemical and metal splash, dust, projections, gas and
vapor, radiations, flying objects (metal, stones fragments, chips,
nails, etc)
● Operations – Chemical process, grinding, drilling, machining,
milling, welding, metallurgy process, radiation processes.
● PPE options – Spectacles, goggles, face shield, helmets, babbitting
helmets, welding helmets, air supplied hood etc
Ear Protection

● Human Body – Protect ears

● Hazards – High noise, excessive vibration noise, insect infections
● Operations – Airport traffic controller, heavy industries, metal
stamping process, construction and pilling operations, ship building
● PPE options – Ear plugs, earmuffs, cotton plugs
Hand and Arm Protection

● Human Body – Protect hands and arms

● Hazards – Abrasion, temperature extreme, vibration, cuts and
punches, electric shocks, skin irritation etc
● Operations – Hands (pulling, lifting, manual hand jobs); Arms
(climbing telephone poles, electric poles)
● PPE options – Gloves, mitts, wrist cuffs, armlets
Skin Protection

● Human Body – Protect human body and skins

● Hazards – Exposure to sunlight, chemicals, radiations, extreme
temperatures, biological hazards (virus, micro-organism)
● Operations – All types of work
● PPE options – Water repellants, solvent-resistant, ointments
Feat and Leg Protection

● Human Body – Protect feet and legs

● Hazards – Wetness, electrostatic build up, cuts and punctures, falling
objects, heavy loads, metal and chemical splash, moving vehicles,
slips
● Operations – Almost all industries operations
● PPE options – Safety bots, shoes with steel-toe caps, gaiters, knee
pads etc
Whole Body

● Human Body – Protect whole body

● Hazards – Heat, cold, bad weather, chemical or metal splash,
pressure leaks, dust etc
● Operations – Laboratory, manufacturing, field works and research,
offshore works.
● PPE options – Conventional or disposable overalls, boilers suits,
thermal clothing, jumper suits, safety harness, life jackets, antistatic
clothing
Nose and Respiratory Protection

● Human Body – Protect nose and breathing (lung) of workers

● Hazards – Containment air atmospheric hazards (toxic, fumes, gas)
● Operations – Confined space, exposure to air contaminants, exposure
to toxicity in certain duration etc
● PPE options – Air purifying respirators, air supplied, self contained
breathing devices
CHEMICAL
SAFETY
PROGRAM
Regulations Relating with Chemical

● OSH Classification, Packaging and Labeling of HAZARDOUS

Chemicals) Regulations 1997- commonly termed as CPL
Regulations
● OSH (Prohibition of Use of Substance) Order 1999
● OSH (Use and Standards of Exposure of Chemicals Hazardous to
Health) Regulations 2000 – commonly referred as USECHH
regulations
● OSH (Notification of Accident, Dangerous Occurrence,
Occupational Poisoning and Occupational Disease) Regulations
2004 – commonly referred as NADOPOD Regulations
Stages Relating with Chemical Safety Programs

● Receiving
● Handling
● Storage Conditions
● Segregation of chemicals
● Proper ventilation
● Disposal
● MSDS
 FIRE
SAFETY
PROGRAM
For fire safety program can refer to topic fire
safety
Thank You