DRAFT EMERGENCY ACTION PLAN-TIER 1

LAL BAHADUR SHASTRI SAGAR (ALMATTI)

[KA06HH0200]
PREPARED FOR

KARNATAKA WATER RESOURCE

DEPARTMENT

PREPARED BY

ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH & SAFETY CONSULTANTS PVT LTD

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DAM BREAK ANALYSIS
Dam failure results in a catastrophic break followed by a flood wave
often with considerable loss of life or property.

Dams are constructed to serve a

variety of purposes such as
supply of drinking and irrigation
water, generation of electric
power, flood protection etc.,

However, a dam break may result in

high flood waves travelling along a
valley at quite high speed. The intensity
of the catastrophic failure of dams varies
depending on the extent of inundated
area, size of the population under risk
and the warning time available.
Types and Causes of Dam Failures

Historically, all types of dams have experienced failures due to one or more
type of event/loading. However, by far the majority of dam failures that have
occurred have been earthen dams, caused by some level of flood.

The types of dams that are commonly built and found in the field are,
• Earthen embankment/rockfill
• Concrete arch and multi arch

• Concrete gravity

• Buttress (combination of concrete gravity and arch dam)

• Steel, timber, and composite materials
Causes of dam failure

• Flood event
• Piping/seepage (internal and underneath
the dam)
• Landslide

• Earthquake
• Structural failure
• Equipment failure/malfunction (gates, etc.)
 Cont..

• Major causes of failures identified are overtopping due to

inadequate spillway capacity (34 percent), foundation defects (30
percent), and piping and seepage (28 percent).
ANALYSIS OF DAM BREAK

• Characterization and identifying of potential dam failures are post

effects of resulting floods from dam breach.
• It is this characterization of the threat to public safety that a dam
poses decides the categorization of the dam and also the standard of
care, safety and maintenance to which the dam is believed.
• Inflow Design Flood (IDF) is one among the various design
parameters which forms the basis for spillway design.
• The necessity to develop an Emergency Action Plan, requires
preparation of inundation maps which accurately envisage arrival
times at critical locations and dam breach flood depths.
 Cont..

• The population alongside associated critical sections are located in

vicinity of dam downstream, details of the breaching process and the
calculated peak discharge might have effect on the results.
• In this case, the predominant parameters are the attenuation, travel
time and other routing effects. The breach parameters like breach
width, depth, and rate of development are more crucial to analysis
especially when the residents are living near to the dam. the
inaccurate prediction of breach parameters resulting in increased
associated cost and assumptions
History of Dam Failures
Kaddam Project Dam, Andhra Pradesh, India

 Built in Adilabad, Andhra in 1957 - 58, the dam was a composite structure,
earth fill and/or rock fill and gravity dam.
 It was 30.78 m high and 3.28 m wide at its crest. The storage at full was
1.366 * 108 m3 . The observed floods were 1.47 * 104 m3 /s. The dam was
overtopped by 46 cm of water above the crest, inspite of a free board
allowance of 2.4 m that was provided, causing a major breach of 137.2 m
wide that occurred on the left bank.
 Two more breaches developed on the right section of the dam. The dam
failed in August 1958.
 Cont..
Panshet Dam: (Ambi, Maharashtra, India, 1961 - 1961)

• The Panshet Dam, near Pune in Maharashtra India, was under

construction when the dam had failed.
• Due to incomplete rough outlet surface the flow through was unsteady
which caused pressure surges. Cracks were formed along the edges of
the right angles to the axis of the dam causing a subsidence of 9 m wide.
• Failure was neither due to insufficient spillway capacity nor due to
foundation effect.
• It was attributed to inadequate provision of the outlet facility during
emergency. This caused collapse of the structure above the outlets.
Nanaksagar Dam, Punjab, India Cont..

• Situated in Punjab in northwestern India, the dam was constructed in 1962

at Bhakra, with a reservoir capacity of 2.1 * 106 m3. An estimated
maximum discharge of 9,711 m3 /s had occurred on August 27, 1967, due
to heavy monsoon rains that were heaviest in twenty years. This caused
dam to fail.
• The water that gushed through the leakage created a 7.6 m breach, which
later widened to 45.7 m. The condition of the reservoir had worsened,
causing a 16.8 m boil downstream of toe, which was responsible for the
settlement of the embankment.
Machhu II (Irrigation Scheme) Dam, Gujarat, India Cont..

• This dam was built near Rajkot in Gujarat, India, on River Machhu in
August, 1972, as a composite structure. It consisted of a masonry spillway
in river section and earthen embankments on both sides.
• The dam failed on August 1, 1979, because of abnormal floods and
inadequate spillway capacity. Consequent overtopping of the embankment
caused a loss of 1800 lives. A maximum depth of 6.1 m of water was over
the crest and within two hours, the dam failed.
• While the dam failed at a peak discharge of 7693 m3 /s, the figure was
revised to 26,650 m3 /s after failure, with a free board of 2.45 m given,
providing also an auxiliary spillway with a full capacity of 21,471 m 3 /s.
The observed actual flood depth over spillway crest was 4.6 m with an
observed 14,168 to 19,835 m3 /s, while the design depth over spillway crest
was 2.4 m.
 Cont..
Kaila Dam, Gujarat, India

 The Kaila Dam in Kachch, Gujarat, India was constructed during 1952 -
55 as an earth fill dam with a height of 23.08 m above the river bed and
a crest length of 213.36 m. The storage of full reservoir level was 13.98
million m3 .
 The foundation was made of shale.
 The spillway was of ogee shaped and ungated.
 The depth of cutoff was 3.21 m below the river bed.
 Inspite of a freeboard allowance of 1.83 m at the normal reservoir level
and 3.96 m at the maximum reservoir level the energy dissipation
devices first failed and later the embankment collapsed due to the weak
foundation bed in 1959.
 Cont..
Kodaganar Dam, Tamil Nadu, India
• This dam in the India, was constructed in 1977 on a tributary of Cauvery
River as an earthen dam with regulators, with five vertical lift shutters each
3.05 m wide.
• The dam failed due to overtopping by flood waters which flowed over the
downstream slopes of the embankment and breached the dam along various
reaches.
• There was an earthquake registered during the period of failure although the
foundation was strong. The shutters were promptly operated during flood,
but the staff could only partially lift the shutters, because of failure of
power. Although a stand-by generator set was commissioned soon, this
could not help and they resorted to manual operation of shutters.
• In spite of all efforts, water eventually overtopped the embankment. Water
gushed over the rear slopes, as a cascade of water was eroding the slopes.
Breaches of length 20 m to 200 m were observed. It appeared as if the entire
dam was overtopped and breached.
Emergency Action Plan

An Emergency Action Plan (EAP) is a written document that identifies

incidents that can lead to potential emergency conditions at a dam, identifies
the areas that can be affected by the less of reservoir and specifies pre-planned
actions to be followed to minimize property damage, potential loss of
infrastructure and water resource, and potential loss of life because of failure
or mis-operation of a dam.
 Cont..
Key Points and Typical Components of EAPs

• An EAP must clearly specify the dam owner’s responsibilities to ensure

timely and effective action. Responsibilities of dam owners include:
surveillance (monitoring the condition of the dam) and notification (phoning
local or state emergency management agency officials in charge of
emergency response).
• EAPs are developed by dam owners working with local emergency response
managers, dam safety engineers, and state dam safety officials.
• Inundation maps are a key component of the EAP. Inundation maps show
areas that may have to be evacuated in a dam emergency. The maps facilitate
notification by displaying flood areas and estimated travel times for the
floodwaters. New, two-dimensional technologies are available to create
inundation maps of areas below dams.
 Cont..
• Dam owners and local emergency responders are primary users of EAPs. A
Standard Operating Plan (SOP) is a related document that outlines the
normal, non-emergency operation of a dam and is a document for the dam
owner and his staff and not a public emergency document.
• Public awareness is a critical component of emergency planning. Many
people do not know they may live or work near a dam. Public awareness of
an EAP will enhance its effective implementation.
• The EAP defines events that trigger emergency actions.
• An EAP includes a notification flowchart with names and numbers of who
will call whom and in what priority.
• Emergency events at dams are infrequent. Training and exercises of EAPs
help maintain readiness.
Risk Limitation Measures
The non structural measure should be actively considered as complementary measures
Among the non structural action we can consider :
• Flood forecasting and warning system
• Land use regulation
• Population education in dealing with risks and emergencies
• Management of the operation in the reservoir
 Risk of dam Failure and Implementation of EAPs
At the moment there are potential high risk situations regarding safety of dams in
India. Due to the high number of existing large dams, (4900) and new dams (350)
under construction. Many of these dams are a key source for irrigation and the
production of hydropower and many of them provide industrial and civil water supply
 The two main elements of risk are :
• The location of a dam is an element of risk itself, when it is located nearby urbanized
areas.
• The spillway’s inadequacy is another important concern.
• Some other problems are related to seepage (through earth dams), leakage (through
concrete and masonry dams), inadequacy of drainage system and hydro mechanical
equipment malfunctioning.
Structure of the EAP
The EAP should contain the minimum information listed below :
• Identification of Dam,
• Location
• hazard class
• basic info (hydrology, hydraulic, draws)
The EAP should contain the specification of the roles and responsibilities
with a Notification Flowchart clearly summarizing the following
information :
• Who is to be notified ?
• Who is responsible for notifying Owner’s staff and Public Officials
• Prioritized order in which individuals are to be notified.
PURPOSE

 The purpose of this Emergency Action Plan (EAP) is to identify

emergencies that could threaten LAL BAHADUR SHASTRI SAGAR

(Almatti Dam) and to plan for an expedited, effective response to prevent

failure of the Dam and warn downstream residents of impending danger.

 This plan defines the notification procedures to be followed in the event

of a potentially hazardous situation.

 The procedures are intended to protect lives and prevent property damage

from an excessive release of water from the Dam spillways or an

uncontrolled outflow of water from the breached portion of Dam

EMERGENCY ACTION PLAN FOR LAL BAHADUR SHASTRI
SAGAR (ALMATTI)

NOTIFICATION FLOW CHART

Watch Condition flow chart
Failure Condition flow chart
LAYOUT PLAN OF ALMATTI DAM
EMERGENCY ACTION PLAN FOR LAL BAHADUR SHASTRI
SAGAR (ALMATTI)

RESPONSE AND PROCESS

DAM DESCRIPTION

 Lal Bahadur Shastri Sagar (Almatti Dam) and Reservoir are owned and
operated by Krishna Bhagya Jala Nigama Ltd. It is located between, village
Almatti of Basavana Bagewadi taluk and sitimani village, Vijaypura District.
The Dam was completed in 2002 and was constructed under Project No.
D04310 granted to Owner in 2002. The reservoir was constructed to serve as
a major multipurpose reservoir. Vicinity map of Almatti Dam is shown
below

 This river being an inter-state river, water utilization as of now is in

accordance with the KWDT (Krishna Water Disputes Tribunal) award of
1976 based on the estimated 75% dependable yield with return flows. The
water allocated to Karnataka was 734 TMC. Government of Karnataka has
approved a Master plan to utilize 734 TMC of water in Krishna basin. Out of
this, an allocation made for Upper Krishna Project is 4,871.04 MCM (173
TMC).
 Project is planned under Upper Krishna stage I and Stage II for utilization
of 4,871.04 MCM (173) TMC. Stage I of the project has been completed
and Stage II project is nearing completion and the total area proposed for
irrigation in Stage I and Stage II is 6, 22,023 Ha in Shorapur, Shahpur and
Jewargi taluks of Gulbarga District, Sindagi, Indi, Bijapur, Muddebihal and
Basavana Bagewadi taluka’s of Bijapur District, Bagalkot, Hungund and
Jamkhandi taluka’s of Bagalkot District and Lingsugur and Devadurga
taluks of Raichur District.

 Out of the Karnataka's share of water, the Government of Karnataka has

allocated 130 TMC of water to UKP Stage III schemes. This allocation is
to be utilized by way of storing additional water in the Reservoir by duly
raising the FRL from EL: 519.60 m to EL: 524.256 m of Almatti Dam for
irrigating an area of 5,30,475 ha in Bijapur, Bagalkot, Gulbarga, Raichur
and Koppal Districts (25 TMC under 65% dependability allocation and 105
TMC under surplus flows). The total utilization of water for Upper Krishna
Project will be (173 + 130) 303 TMC.
RESERVOIR OPERATIONS

Reservoir Features
FRL 519.60 m (UKP Stage-II), 524.256 m (UKP Stage III)

Original MWL 524.456 m

TBL 529.256 m
Revised Flood Peak 47318 cumecs

Hoist is located at Elevation Hoist Cylinder support (Cardanic Suspension) 523.00m

Catchment Area 35,925 Sq.km (13,871 Sq.miles)

Live Storage 105.46 TMC

Dead Storage 17.62 TMC

Crest Gate Details
No’s 26

Size 15*15.24 meters (Radial)

Additional spillways details No Additional spillways.

RESPONSIBILITY
The Krishna Bhagya Jala Nigam is the owner and has the final authority and
responsibility for the operation and maintenance of the Dam. The officer’s
responsibilities for the various functions are identified by their designation and, in
particular, the responsibilities of operating personnel are specifically identified in
below and includes regularly scheduled duties which staff personnel are required to
perform as outlined in the following tables:

Roles & Responsibility of AEE and AE During Flood Condition

Flood condition assessment, warning, flood mitigation, and other

Step
responsibilities
Coordinate with the Project Engineers of the State of Maharashtra & to get the
1 information in email on the rainfall in the catchment and inflow status at the state
boundary (Rajapur weir) and to bring it to the notice of the EE/SE/CE
Assist the EE/SE/CE to issue notification to the villagers downstream in
2
Newspapers, Radio, TV News channel to be alert regarding the flood situation
Assist the EE/SE/CE to coordinate with the Revenue authorities (District
3 Administration) to alert the downstream villagers to evacuate the flood zone to
prevent loss of life and live stock.
 Flood condition assessment, warning, flood mitigation, and other
Step
responsibilities
Assist the CE to coordinate with the CWC flood monitoring authorities on the flood
4
condition.
Submit to the CE on the inflows and releases from the reservoir and status of the
5
reservoir twice in the day.
Operate the Spillway crest gates for flood mitigation as per the instructions of the
6
CE and to update the Gate operation Log book .
Observe the seepages in the drainage Gallery with respect to the reservoir head and
record the seepages in the infiltration gallery and to immediately bring to the notice
7
of the CE in case of excessive seepage ,leakage in any specific blocks and porous
drains .
Observe the Gates ,hoists and handling equipment during operation for the smooth
8 movements and to immediately report any untoward excessive sounds in the
motors, pumps or vibrations in the gate
Observe the dam top, embankment, catwalk, approach roads are well maintained by
9
housekeeping personnel
Observe the performance of the Dam and its appurtenant structures / Gates and
10 Hoists during flood water releases and to report to the CE in case of any untoward
incidents or malfunctioning of the gates of excessive seepages, leakages etc
Step Flood condition assessment, warning, flood mitigation, and other responsibilities
Assist CE to share the flow data and the reservoir storage details to the Media on day
11
to day basis
Assist CE to coordinate with the Project Engineers of the State of Andhra
12 Pradesh/Telangana and sharing the details of the flood condition in the river and the
reservoir releases

Roles and Responsibilities of the SE & CE during Flood Condition

Flood condition assessment, warning, flood mitigation, and other

Step responsibilities

Coordinate with the Project Engineers of the State of Maharashtra & to get the
1 information in email on the rainfall in the catchment and inflow status at the
state boundary ( Rajapur weir) and to bring it to the notice of the CE

To issue notification to the villagers downstream in Newspapers, Radio, TV News

2 channel to be alert regarding the flood situation
Assist the CE to coordinate with the Revenue authorities (District
3 Administration) to alert the downstream villagers to evacuate the flood zone to
prevent loss of life and live stock
Step Flood condition assessment, warning, flood mitigation, and other responsibilities
Assist the CE to coordinate with the CWC flood monitoring authorities on the flood
4
condition
Submit to the CE on the inflows and releases from the reservoir and status of the
5
reservoir twice in the day
Operate the Spillway crest gates for flood mitigation as per the instructions of the CE
6
and to update the Gate operation Log book
Observe the seepages in the drainage Gallery with respect to the reservoir head and
record the seepages in the infiltration gallery and to immediately bring to the notice
7
of the CE in case of excessive seepage ,leakage in any specific blocks and porous
drains
Observe the Gates ,hoists and handling equipment during operation for the smooth
8 movements and to immediately report any untoward excessive sounds in the motors,
pumps or vibrations in the gate
Observe the dam top, embankment, catwalk, approach roads are well maintained by
9
housekeeping personnel
Observe the performance of the Dam and its appurtenant structures / Gates and Hoists
10 during flood water releases and to report to the CE in case of any untoward incidents
or malfunctioning of the gates of excessive seepages, leakages etc
Step Flood condition assessment, warning, flood mitigation, and other responsibilities
Assist CE to share the flow data and the reservoir storage details to the Media on day
11
to day basis
Assist CE to coordinate with the Project Engineers of the State of Andhra
12 Pradesh/Telangana and sharing the details of the flood condition in the river and the
reservoir releases

Roles and Responsibilities of Chief Engineer during Flood Condition

Step Flood condition assessment, warning, flood mitigation, and other responsibilities
To issue notification to the villagers downstream in Newspapers, Radio, TV News
channel to be alert regarding the flood situation based on the input by Project
1 Engineers of the State of Maharashtra, to the information on the rainfall in the
catchment and inflow status at the state boundary (Rajapur weir) and also to
Coordinate with the Revenue authorities (District Administration)

2 Coordinate with the CWC flood monitoring authorities on the flood condition
Issue necessary instructions to the engineers to Operate the reservoir based on the
3 inflows, rainfall data, releases from the upstream reservoirs and status of the reservoir
.
Step Flood condition assessment, warning, flood mitigation, and other responsibilities
Observe the performance of the Dam and its appurtenant structures / Gates and Hoists
4
during flood water releases and to issue necessary instructions to the AEE/EE/SE
5 Coordinate with the downstream Narayanpur Dam Project Engineers
6 Conduct Pre and Post Monsoon inspections of the Dam
Gram Panchayats and Inundated
Villages Details
S l No Gram Panchayat Latitude Longitude villages includes

1 Almatti 16°20'32.43"N 75°53'34.13"E Almatti

Sititmani
Manahalli
2 Hosur 16°17'26.99"N 75°55'12.91"E
Chick Sititmani
Nagaral
3 Yelagur 16°19'39.95"N 75°55'33.80"E Yelagur
Nagasampagi
Nainegali
4 Nainegali 16°17'14.07"N 75°56'43.72"E
Mudavinkopp
Chitaginkopp
5 Wadawadagi 16°19'33.64"N 75°56'40.52"E Wadawadagi
6 Nagarabetta 16°16'46.27"N 76°15'16.81"E Budihal
7 Masuti 16°18'28.33"N 75°57'28.00"E Masuti
8 Balabatti 16°19'13.35"N 75°58'57.53"E Balabatti
9 Itagi Muddapur
10 Kalagi
Kalagi 16°18'42.95"N 76° 0'38.81"E
Chalami
Bommanagi
Chick Myageri
11 Chikkamyageri 16°16'31.29"N 76° 1'47.64"E
Hire Myageri
Handargall
S l No Gram Panchayat Latitude Longitude villages includes
Mudur
Kandaganur
12 Yarazari 16°18'29.51"N 76° 4'10.09"E
Handaragala
Yarzeri
Bisaladinni
13 Bisaladinni 16°13'48.91"N 76° 2'24.33"E Katagur
Valakaladinni
Gannjihal
14 Gannjihal 16° 9'52.04"N 75°58'56.85"E
Huvanuru/Nanduru
Basawanal
15 Muganur 16° 9'33.98"N 75°55'16.91"E
Suralikal
Kuchaganur
16 Gangur
Tangadagi 16°12'54.85"N 76° 5'40.67"E
Tangadagi
Amaragol
17 Kudal Sangama 16°12'10.82"N 76° 3'35.83"E Kudal Sangama
Varagodadinni
18 Koluru Banoshi
Devoor
19 Hiremalagavi 16° 8'20.55"N 75°58'30.51"E Hiremalagavi
Chikkamagi
Khairwadagi
Chickmalagavi
Papathanal
Sl
Gram Panchayat Latitude Longitude Number of villages
No
Kamaldinni
Koujaganur
Kamaladinni
18 Havaragi 16°10'17.12"N 76° 9'52.15"E
Vadergonal
Indawara
Lavalasar
Medinapur
19 Belgal 16° 8'4.06"N 76° 1'57.94"E Bisanalkopp
Kirasur
Inam Budihal
Hire Magi Bevinal
20 16° 5'44.10"N 75°56'15.35"E
Hiremagi
Madapur
Adihal
Sangama
Dhannur Iddalagi
21 16° 9'7.09"N 76° 5'49.73"E
Yammeti
Kammadatta
Dhannur
22 Kamatagi 16° 6'16.69"N 75°52'1.60"E Kamatagi
Ramathal
23 Huvinahalli 16° 4'15.43"N 75°51'42.29"E
Huvinahalli
24 Chittaragi Gangur
25 Hullura 16°21'7.29"N 75°59'52.60"E Hullur
S l No Gram Panchayat Latitude Longitude Villages includes

Marol
26 Marol 16°10'4.93"N 76° 7'42.85"E Hullalli

Alur
Bailapur
27 Alur 16°19'14.89"N 75°51'53.42"E Madari
Garasangi

Hunakunti
Bangargund
Rakkasagi
28 Rakkasagi 16°11'12.30"N 76°13'31.99"E
Baladinni
Karkur

29 Binjwadagi Jalakamaldinni
30 Budihal S K Manmathanal
Kesarapenti
Islampur
31 Karadi 16° 5'48.38"N 76°12'21.86"E Dasbal
Pochapur
Karadi

32 Halkavwatagi Ankanhal
Inundated Village Location
Communications

Local officials and downstream residents will be notified by landline

telephone, if available; otherwise via cell phones or emergency personnel
(in person or using their radios). The various networks for emergency use
include the networks of the following:

•The Vijaypura District Police or Vijaypura City Police

•The Bagalkot District Police or Bagalkot City Police

•The Raichur District Police or Raichur City Police

•The Karnataka Disaster Management Authority

•The Karnataka Ministry of Road Transport and Highways

EMERGENCY ACTION PLAN FOR LAL BAHADUR SHASTRI
SAGAR (ALMATTI)

Emergency Detection, Evaluation, and Classification

Emergency Detection

• Situations
• Signs of Failure
• Material Deterioration Problems
• Alkali aggregate reaction
• Sulphate attack
• Leaching of Lime
Emergency Evaluation and Classification

Internal Alert Condition BLUE

A “watch” condition. A problem has been detected at the Dam that
requires constant monitoring. At this time, the distress condition is
manageable by Dam personnel.
The following is a list of conditions that would initiate this condition:

• Cloudy or dirty seepage or seepage with an increase in flow, boils,

piping, or bogs
• Seepage around conduits.
• Large sinkholes with corresponding seepage anywhere on the
embankment or downstream from the toe
• Any slide that degrades the crest of the embankment or that is
progressively increasing in size.
• Cracking or movement of any concrete structure.
 Cont..

• An increase in the reservoir level leading to engagement of the emergency

spillway
• Exceptionally heavy rainfall in the catchment of the Dam reservoir.
• Shearing of the Bolts in critical components viz. Trunnion, Arm and
Horizontal girder termination plates.
• Deformations in the Web plate connecting lifting connections to Hydraulic
Hoists.
• Welds: Cracks in critical welds of Gates viz. Tie flats, Trunnion Hub, Yoke
Girder Ribs.
• Profuse leakages in Hydraulic Hoists (Hoses).
External Alert Condition ORANGE

This is indicative of a Dam condition that is progressively getting worse; and

there is a high probability of Dam failure. Although there is no immediate
danger, the Dam could fail if conditions continue to deteriorate. The following
is a list of conditions that would initiate this condition:

• Large boils, increasing in size and flow rate, especially if there is flowing
muddy water
• Significantly increasing seepage, especially flowing muddy water
• Slides involving a large mass of material that impairs the crest of the Dam
and is continuing to move
• Sinkholes with seepage flowing muddy water
 Cont..

• Large cracks, movement or failure of a portion of any major concrete

structure that forms an integral part of the Dam
• An increase in the reservoir level to near the top of the Dam

• Overtopping of a Dam that is not designed for overtopping

• Near to ‘Design Flood’ inflow forecast

• Buckling of Radial Arms

• Upheavals in Trunnion Chair and Failure of Anchor rods.

External Alert Conditions RED

These are “failure” conditions. Either the Dam is in immediate danger of

failing or has already failed. No time remains to implement measures to
prevent failure. Evacuate immediately. The following is a list of conditions
that would initiate “imminent Dam failure” or “Dam failure” conditions:
 Cont..

• Rapidly increasing boils or the presence of new, significantly flowing boils, particularly

muddy ones near previously identified ones

• Rapidly increasing seepage, especially flowing muddy water

• Slides involving a large mass of material or which have degraded the crest of the

embankment to a level that approaches the water surface level, or if significant seepage

is observed through the slide area

• Settlement that is predicted to degrade to the reservoir level

• Cracks that extend to the reservoir level

• Significant movement or failure of any structure that forms an integral part

of the Dam

• Overtopping of an earthen Dam

• Uncontrollable release of the reservoir

Previously Known Problems

There are no previous problems at Dam location.

Preparedness
Preparedness actions are to be taken both before and following the development of
emergency conditions and should identify ways of preparing for an emergency,
increasing response readiness in a uniform and coordinated manner, and helping to
reduce the effects of a Dam failure. The following are some steps that could prevent or
delay failure after an emergency is first discovered.

Surveillance
• Response on forecast of excessive inflow
• Response during weekends and holidays
• Response during periods of darkness and adverse weather
Access to the site
Possible Preventive Measures
• Seepage Failure
• Embankment or Foundation Sliding
• Structural Failure
 Cont..

Supplies and Resources

• Contracts
• Equipment and Supplies
Reports
• Technical Data
Emergency Operations Centre Activity Log
• Costs of the Emergency Operations Center
Inundation Areas
• Local Evacuation Plan
Implementation
• Development
• Updating
• Testing
• Training
Vicinity Map
EMERGENCY ACTION PLAN FOR LAL BAHADUR SHASTRI
SAGAR (ALMATTI)

Inundation Area Map

Typical Non Over Flow and Over Flow Sections
ALARM AND WARNING SYSTEMS FOR DAMS
INTRODUCTION
• Dams are delivering enormous benefits to the nation through flood risk mitigation,
navigation, irrigation, hydropower, water supply, fisheries, wildlife conservation and
recreation. Dams store large amounts pf water; and an uncontrolled or excessive outflow
from dam reservoir may pose unacceptable risks to the lives and property of people
downstream of dam. sometimes, unexpected release of even small quantum of water
during day to day operations of dam reservoirs could also catch people unaware, and
cause loss of lives – recent Larji dam incident (8th of June 2014) is the tragic example
which resulted in drowning of 25 students in the river Beas in Himachal Pradesh.
Strengthening of alarm and warning system lined with dam operations can go a long way
in ensuring safety of people from sudden release of water through dam spillway.
SCOPE
• This notification is intended to strengthen the alarm and warning system on India’s dams
for safety of people from sudden release of water through the dam spillway/river sluices.
It is also expected that the notification will sensitize and guide the dam operating staff in
identifying, monitoring, and responding to emergency situation that may arise at any
downstream stretch of the river due to sudden release of water from dam.
EMERGENCY ACTION PLAN FOR LAL BAHADUR SHASTRI
SAGAR (ALMATTI)

Components of Flood Warning System

1. Reservoir Operation Manual, prescribing standard operating procedures for the day to
day as well as emergency operation of dam, shall be prepared by the concerned project
authorities / dam owners (State Governments, Public Sector Undertakings, other
government or private agencies). The Operation Manual shall spell out all possible
scenarios of operation of spillway gates and other outlet gates keeping in perspective and
elevation-storage curve of the reservoir; the annual inflow pattern of the reservoir; the
annul water demand pattern of the project; and in case of hydropower projects, the
power demand and impact of load rejection on operating units.
2 The concerned project authorities shall carry out hydraulic routing studies for the
downstream river reaches for different dam-outflow conditions in order to identify
vulnerable areas in terms of depth/level and velocity of flows. In such vulnerable areas,
project authorities shall mark danger levels at appropriate places and set up permanent
warning posts (in English, Hindi, and the local language) visible with naked eyes from
reasonable distances. Movable barriers may be installed to prevent the entry of people
and vehicles during passage of flood.
3 The purpose of a flood warning service is to detect and forecast threatening flood events
so that the pubic can be alerted in advance and undertake appropriate responses to
minimise the impact of flood. The components of a flood warning system can be aptly
illustrated as above flowchart:
4 The vulnerable areas that pose very high risk levels (e.g., river reaches very close to dam
locations) shall be fenced to bar free access of people. Development of river front from
the point-of-view of tourism shall be allowed only at safe places; and in all such places
care shall be taken to prominently notify risks associated with sudden release of water
from dam.
5 The concerned project authorities shall establish a Control Room to keep watch on
probable water inflows so as to have advance information and sufficient lead time for
protective measures. A proper coordination regarding releases of water during both
normal and emergent conditions shall be ensured with the immediate upstream and other
cascading projects. The works of Control Room shall be entrusted to duly qualified
persons.
6 A foolproof warning system to alert downstream habitants before release of water shall
be put in place. The warning for release of water shall be given through Speakers, Sirens
on Hooters adequately in advance of dam releases (minimum 15 minutes); and all such
instruments shall be directly connected to the Control Room eliminating dependence on
watch-staff sanctioned at vulnerable areas. The warning system shall be backed up by
alternative power sources in Control Room as well as vulnerable locations so as to avoid
malfunctioning of system in case of power failures. The Sirens / Hooters shall be
distinguishable from other common sounds like VIP vehicles, fire brigades, ambulances,
etc. Regular inspections shall be carried out to ensure all time functioning of sirens, and
periodical mock drill shall also ne planned for ensuring efficacy of the warning system.
7 Tourist entering the vulnerable zones shall be forewarned of dangers of sudden dam
releases. A suitable mechanism shall be developed in consultation with pertinent telecom
service providers to send SMSs to each tourist whenever they enter vulnerable zones.
Attempts shall also be made to send SMSs related to extreme release of water to all
mobile phones operating in the downstream vicinity of the dam project.
8 For dealing with extreme weather and flood conditions, accurate and reliable hydro-
meteorological network, inflow forecasting and communication mechanism shall be
established by the State Governments. Releases from the storage dams associated
with irrigation and flood moderation shall be planned in advance with the help of
telemetry data available on real-time basis, and advance warnings shall be issued to
the people. Such information related to flood estimates and planned releases from
dams shall be made available on Project website and through other means of public
dissemination.
9 The concerned project authorities shall develop appropriate mechanism to keep local
administration informed about the extreme inflows, sudden release of water and any
other exigency conditions. Directory of contact numbers of key persons of civil
administration, police, ambulance, fire station, etc. shall be available with the officials
responsible for such communications, and a copy shall also be available in the Control
Room. Regular revision / updating of the Directory shall be carried out for its
meaningful intent.
• Preparation of Emergency Action Plan (EAP) for each dam is crucial for minimizing the
loss of life and property in the event of occurrence of any emergency situation. A typical
EAP contains procedures and information to assist the dam owner in taking necessary
actions in time to moderate or alleviate the problems, in addition to issuing early warning
and notification messages to responsible authorities, vis., District Magistrate / Collector,
Armed Forces, Paramilitary forces, Project Authorities and other Central / State Agencies.
It also contains inundation maps to identify critical
areas for prioritizations of relief and restriction in case emergencies
EMERGENCY ACTION PLAN FOR LAL BAHADUR SHASTRI
SAGAR (ALMATTI)

STAKEHOLDERS
 LIST OF STAKEHOLDERS
Sl. No STAKEHOLDERS Sl. No STAKEHOLDERS

1 Water Resource Department 16 Taluk Panchayats

2 NDMA- Joint Secretary 17 Zilla Panchayats

3 Central Water Commission 18 Forest department

4 State DMA 19 BSNL/Pvt Telecom Service Providers

5 District DMA 20 Food & civil supply dept

6 Central Water Commission 21 Education Dept

7 National Disaster Response Force 22 Transport Dept

8 Dam Site Engineers/ Safety 23 Fisheries Dept

Engineers
9 CE of Krishna River 24 Horticulture Dept

10 District Collector 25 Tourism Dept

11 Revenue Department 26 Women & child welfare dept

Fire and Emergency service
12 Department 27 Industries and Commerce Dept

13 Police Department 28 Muzrai/Wakf Dept

Public representatives-
14 Health Department 29 MP/MLA/MLC/Comparator/ZP/VP/TP,
etc

15 Public Works Department 30 Local NGOs

Supplies and Resources

The following equipment and supplies may be necessary for use during a Dam
emergency. Contact information for local contractors who can provide the
following items during an emergency is listed below.
Equipment/Supplies Location

Backhoes Name:1) V.M.Hebbal (9986882070)

Dump trucks S.S.Alur (9483549495)

Portable welding P.B.Alur (9448477779)

equipment
Aditya Constructions.
Generators

Bulldozers
2) Pooja Engineering works, Almatti.
Excavators
 
Loaders

Motor graders

Crane Name: 1) M/S Narayan Engineers, Hospet.

2) M/S Choudhari Cranes, Nidagund.

3) Pooja Engineering Works, Almatti.

4) NMR Hydro Mechanical Works, Hospet.

Sandbags Name: 1) V.M. Hebbal Contractor, Almatti.

2) Aditya Construction, Belagavi.

Rock riprap Name: 1) V.M. Hebbal, (9986882070).

2) S.S.Alur (9483549495).

3) P.B.Alur (9448477779)

Fill Material Name: 1) V.M. Hebbal, Contractor Vijaypura

Other: Name: 1) Kadri Contractor

2) Akshata Under Water Services Belagavi.

EMERGENCY ACTION PLAN FOR LAL BAHADUR SHASTRI
SAGAR (ALMATTI)

DETAILS OF GOVERNMENT OFFICIALS

 STATE DISASTER MANAGEMENT AUTHORITY

1 Shri. Gangaram Baderiya,IAS 9483869160 080-22032995

2 Shri.K.Umapathy 9686940969 08022032426

3 Somashekar 8971644479 080-22340676

4 Sudhakar Shetty 9945218097 80-22340676

5 Prashanth Kumar 9448024073 080-22032582

6 Dr.G.Vishwanath 9845136219 080-22032582

7 Madhu.S 8694907152 080-22032582

  NATIONAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT AUTHORITY

1 Secretary 011-26701710

2 N C Marwah, PVSM, AVSM, Member 011-26701775

3 Dr. D N Sharma, Member 011-26701738

4 Shri Kamal Kishore, Member 011-25701740

5 Dr. Pradeep Kumar, IAS, 011-26701780

6 Brig. Ajay Gangwar Advisor 011-26701886

7 Dy. Project Director 011-26701791

Sl.No Dam Safety Review Panel Field of Expertise

A.K.Bajaj, Chairman DSRP. Dam Construction Engineering and

1
Retd Chairman, Central Water Commission, Champa D-44,Gulmoha Management

Dam Safety Surveillance Masonry/

2 S .B. Koimattur, Vice Chairman ,DSRP
Concrete

3 K.S Krishnamurthy Former Director Geological Survey of India Engineering Geology

Dam Design and construction of Hydro

4 Sri. Basavaraj Koti
Electric Project and Management

5 Sri.S.Venkataramana, Spillways of Dams.

Crest Gates and Electromechanical

6 N. Kannaiah Naidu
Equipments

7 M.S Rama Rao Water resource Engineering

Flood Movement study using ArcScene