CHILDREN THYPHOID FEVER

IN THE DRC
 SMALL OVERVIEW
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♣ Typhoid fever is a life-threatening infection caused by
the bacterium Salmonella Typhi.
♣ It is usually spread through contaminated food or
water. Once Salmonella Typhi bacteria are ingested,
they multiply and spread into the bloodstream.
♣ Urbanization and climate change have the potential to
increase the global burden of typhoid.
♣ In addition, increasing resistance to antibiotic
treatment is making it easier for typhoid to spread in
communities that lack access to safe drinking water or
adequate sanitation.
 ETIOLOGY
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 A bacteria strain called Salmonella enterica serotype
typhi causes typhoid fever. Other strains of salmonella
bacteria cause a similar disease called paratyphoid
fever.
 People pick up the bacteria most often in places where
outbreaks are common. The bacteria passes out of the
body in the stool and urine of people who are carrying
the bacteria. Without careful hand-washing after going
to the bathroom, the bacteria can move from the hands
to objects or other people.
 The bacteria also can spread from a person who carries
the bacteria. It can spread on food that isn't cooked,
such as raw fruits without a peel. In places where water
isn't treated to kill germs, you can pick up the bacteria
from that source. This includes drinking water, using
ice made from untreated water, or by drinking
unpasteurized milk or juice.
PATOLOGY
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SYMPTOMS
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 Salmonella Typhi lives only in

humans. Persons with typhoid
fever carry the bacteria in their
bloodstream and intestinal tract.
 Symptoms include prolonged
high fever, fatigue, headache,
nausea, abdominal pain, and
constipation or diarrhoea. Some
patients may have a rash.
 Severe cases may lead to serious
complications or even death.
Typhoid fever can be confirmed
through blood testing.
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 DIAGNOSTICS
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presumptive diagnosis :
 Fever;
Certainty diagnosis:
 Headaches;
 Blood culture
 Asthenia;
 Coproculture
 Epistaxis;
 Library culture
 Digestive disorders;
 Uroculture
 Tufos;
 Culture of vomit and sputum
 Temperature pulse dissociation;
 Hepato-splenomegaly etc.