Measurement Systems

► Black box which is used for making

measurements.
► In general, made up of three elements
 Sensor : responds to the quantity being measured by
giving as its output a signal which is related to the
quantity.
 Signal conditioner : takes signal from the sensor and
converts it into condition which is suitable for either
display or for use to exercise control.
 Display Sistem : output from the signal conditioner is
displayed.
 A Measurment System and Its
Constituent Elements

► Sensor : Example ?
► Signal Conditioner : Example ?
► Display : Example ?
Open Loop Systems
Basic Elements of a Closed Loop
Systems (1/2)
Basic Elements of a Closed Loop
Systems (2/2)
The Automatic Control of Water
Level (1/2)
► Controlled variable :
water level in tank
► Reference value :
initial setting of the
float and lever
position
► Comparison
element : the lever
 The Automatic Control of Water
Level (2/2)
► Error signal : the difference between the
actual and initial settings of the lever
positions
► Control unit : the pivoted lever
► Correction unit : the flap opening or closing
the water supply
► Process : the water level in the tank
► Measuring device : the floating ball and
lever
 Sequential Controllers
► Washing Machine System
Washing Machine System
 Control Systems
► Blackbox which is used to control its output
to some particular value or particular
sequence of values.
Terima kasih atas
perhatiannya

L.Hart