Chapter 3: Transport and distribution

of nutrients and oxygen gas to organs.

Activity 1: Heart and cardiac activity

P.57
Grade 9
Sajida Haj-Ali
 Objective:
- To identify the phases of cardiac
cycle.
Phases of cardiac cycle
 Study
Auricular systole

- Auricles contract and ventricles at rest.

- Blood is pushed from auricles to ventricles.
- Tricuspid and bicuspid valves open.
 Study

Ventricular systole
(at the beginning)

- The blood is found in the ventricles.

- All the valves are closed.
 Study
Ventricular systole
(at the end)
- Ventricles contract and auricles at rest.
- Blood is pumped from ventricles through
the pulmonary artery and aorta.
- Sigmoid valves open and tricuspid and
bicuspid valves close to prevent the back
flow of blood to auricles.
 Study
General diastole

- Auricles and ventricles are at rest.

- The blood enters the right and left
auricles by the vena cava and the
pulmonary veins (from the body
and the lungs).
- Bicuspid and tricuspid valves
open.
 Study

Auricular systole Ventricular systole General diastole

(0.1 s) (0.3 s) (0.4 s)
 Duration of 1 cardiac cycle:
Study

0.1 s Auricular Systole

0.3 s Ventricular systole 1 beat → 0.8 s
0.4 s General diastole ?? → 60 s = 75 beats
͞͞͞ ͞ ͞ ͞
0.8 s
 Electrocardiogram Study

Ventricular
auricular systole
R General R
systole
diastole

P T P T

Q S Q S
0.1 s 0.3 s 0.4 s
 a b c

- Put the above figures in a chronological order.

a b c

- Name each phase and justify your answer.