CHAPTER 3

BOOKS

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 LEARNING OBJECTIVES
 Summarize the major technological changes in print
media that contributed to increasing literacy rates
throughout Europe and the United States, from the
development of the printing press through the early
twentieth century.
 Describe how digital evolutions have dramatically
impacted the tradition of book publishing in the last 20
years.
 Explain how the Internet has caused libraries to strike a
new balance between censorship and access.

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 EARLY PRINT MEDIA
 Greek epics (Odyssey)
 Japanese Tale of Genji
 Chinese printing blocks
 Gutenberg press
 Importance of monks
 Growth of literacy

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 THE GUTENBERG REVOLUTION
(SLIDE 1 OF 2)

 Gutenberg Bible (1455)

 Mass production of books, newsletters,
handbills at low cost (one-fifth the cost of
copying by hand)
 Earliest publications: Bible, prayer books,
hymnals

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 THE GUTENBERG REVOLUTION
(SLIDE 2 OF 2)

 Beyond religious works: broadside

ballads, chapbooks, entertainment
 Libraries
 First lending library in 1602; England
 Bookstalls
 Located in railway stations

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 FIRST AMERICAN PRINT MEDIA
(SLIDE 1 OF 3)

 Bay Psalm Book (1640)

 Harvard Press
 Poor Richard’s Almanack (1732)
 Benjamin Franklin
 Moral advice
 Paine’s Common Sense
 Sold 100,000 copies in 10 weeks

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 FIRST AMERICAN PRINT MEDIA
(SLIDE 2 OF 3)

 America reads
 Improved conditions for books, magazines
 Higher wages
 Urban middle class
 Economies of scale
 Improved printing technology
 Greater demand for print media

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 FIRST AMERICAN PRINT MEDIA
(SLIDE 3 OF 3)

 Last of the Mohicans (1826)

 Uncle Tom’s Cabin (1852)
 Dime novels: Horatio Alger

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 BOOK PUBLISHING GIANTS
(SLIDE 1 OF 3)

 As printing costs declined and more

Americans could afford books, publishing
grew
 “Book rate” for mailing books
 Book clubs popularized reading
 WWII began paperback era

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 BOOK PUBLISHING GIANTS
(SLIDE 2 OF 3)

 Image of book publisher is changing

 Definition of “book” has changed
 E-book
 Audiobook
 Number of books continues to rise

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 BOOK PUBLISHING GIANTS
(SLIDE 3 OF 3)

 Publishing industry growing

 Publishers selling directly to public
 Bookstore chains publishing own books
 On-demand public domain titles
 Amazon Kindle Direct
 Google Books

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 E-PUBLISHING (SLIDE 1 OF 3)
 Four evolutions
 E-commerce (Amazon)
 Kindle’s impact on e-books
 On-demand and self-publishing of books
 Google’s digitization of books

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 E-PUBLISHING (SLIDE 2 OF 3)
 Readers mixed on e-books
 Easier to read on e-readers than
computer, tablet
 Problems with e-books
 Piracy, illegal swapping

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 E-PUBLISHING (SLIDE 3 OF 3)
 Custom publishing
 Print-on-demand
 Textbook options expanding
 New print text
 Used print text
 E-text to keep
 E-text to rent

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 BOOK PUBLISHING ECONOMICS
(SLIDE 1 OF 2)

 Growing industry ($28 billion in 2014)

 Thanks to movie business
 Books to movies
 Movies to books
 Search for best sellers

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 BOOK PUBLISHING ECONOMICS
(SLIDE 2 OF 2)

 Publishing houses
 Commercial, independents, universities,
religious groups, trade associations, vanity
presses
 Bookstores
 Physical
 Online

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 BOOK READERS AND
PURCHASERS (SLIDE 1 OF 2)
 People buying more books than ever
 Computers make publishing and buying books
easier
 Most readers are:
 Women
 Younger
 Higher income
 More educated

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 BOOK READERS AND
PURCHASERS (SLIDE 2 OF 2)
 Four types of book consumers
 Disengaged households
 Gamers
 Social omnivores
 Avid readers

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 BOOK GENRES AND CONTENT
 Major book categories
 Trade
 Professional and scholarly
 Pre-K–12 learning
 Higher education
 Top book genre is fiction

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 MEDIA LITERACY
 New literacies vs. old literacies
 Books: ideas vs. commodities
 Redefining role of magazines
 Intellectual property and copyright
 Libraries, censorship, free speech, First
Amendment

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