REVIEW

Electromagnetic radiation may be

visible or invisible depending on their
wavelength. The human eye can
detect the light spectrum ranging
from 400 nanometers (violet) to about
700 nanometers (red). Outside this
wavelength range, light is invisible.
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REFLECTION is the bouncing
off of light as it strikes a
surface.

REFRACTION is the bending

of light as it passes from one
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The INTERFERENCE of light is
the phenomenon of multiple light
waves interacting with one another
under certain circumstances,
causing the combined amplitudes
of the waves to either increase or
decrease.
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DIFFRACTION of light is
defined as the bending of
light around corners such
that it spreads out and
illuminates areas where a
shadow is expected.
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Polarization, in Physics, is
defined as a phenomenon
caused due to the wave
nature of electromagnetic
radiation.
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Christian Huygens proposed
the Wave Theory of Light in
1678 in which light is made
up of waves.
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Thomas Young studied the
interference of light waves
using the double-slit
experiment in 1803.
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Albert Einstein proposed
light is composed of tiny
particles called photons.
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Since red light has the least
frequency in the color spectrum of
light, it also has the least amount of
energy and can therefore be used in
photographic dark rooms because
it would have the least effect on a
very sensitive paper film.
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Given that ultraviolet has a higher
frequency than the visible light, it
follows that it would also have
greater energy, which causes us to
get easily sunburned under the UV
light compared to visible light.
DUAL
NATURE
OF
ELECTRONS
PARTICLE
A minute portion of matter and
the smallest known building
blocks of the universe.
A small finite object that you can
hold in your hand.
Have momentum and their
positions can be identified.
GEORGE JOHNSTONE
STONEY
Coined the term electron as
an electric charge quantity
in 1894.
JOSEPH JOHN THOMSON
Identified electron as a
particle using cathode ray
tubes.
RUTHERFORD’S ATOMIC
MODEL
ELECTRON is a
negatively-
charged
subatomic
particle and has
no known
Electrons are
Particle.
Is it a wave?
WAVE
A disturbance that travels
through space-time and medium
by transferring energy from one
place to another.
The wave medium transports the
wave from its source to other
locations.
WAVE
CONSTRUCTIVE INTERFERENCE
When waves meet from crests to
crests and trough to trough, then
the displacement is reinforced.
CONSTRUCTIVE INTERFERENCE
DESTRUCTIVE INTERFERENCE
When waves meet from crests to
troughs, then the displacement is
cancelled.
DESTRUCTIVE INTERFERENCE
LOUIS DE BROGLIE
Italian physicist who postulated
that if light waves also exhibit
particle behavior, then a particle
should also exhibit wavelike
behavior.
LOUIS DE BROGLIE
He also theorized that the
wavelength of a particle is related
to Planck’s constant and inversely
proportional to its momentum.
DE BROGLIE
WAVELEGNTH
Where:
= de Broglie’s wavelength of a particle
h = Planck’s constant (
m = mass
v = velocity
CLINTON DAVISSON AND
LESTER GERMER
American physicist who tested
that scattered electrons will
appear from all directions with
little dependence on their
intensity, scattering angle, and
energy of the primary beam.