Macrophages are also classified into either resident or

inflammatory.

Resident macrophages are those that inhabit a given site.

Inflammatory macrophages are those which, in response to
a stimulus, differentiate from monocytes and migrate to a
site.
Resident macrophages are not as immunologically active as
inflammatory macrophages. They maintain their numbers
monocytes or, in as they still have mitotic capability, albeit
limited by local proliferation.

Macrophages can become activated and increases their

functional activity by certain stimuli.
 PLASMA CELLS (Plasmocytes)
 Plasma cells differentiate from WBCs called B lymphocytes (B cells). They
play a major role in the body’s immune response because they produce
immunoglobulins (antibodies). An antibody is a elaborated by plasma cells in
response to the presence of an antigen.
 A plasma cell is a terminally differentiated cell that is incapable of cell
division or of reverting back to a B lymphocyte. It has a lifespan of 10 to 20
days.
 Plasma cells are present in limited numbers in all connective tissues, but they
are numerous in the connective tissues that are readily accessible to foreign
proteins and bacteria such as lamina propria of the digestive tract.
LEUKOCYTES (White blood cells [WBCs])
 Leukocytes and white blood cells refers to the cells in blood
that are not red blood cells.
 There are several types of leukocytes ;
* NEUTROPHILS
* BASOPHILS
* EOSINOPHILS
* MONOCYTES
* LYMPHOCYTES
 TYPES OF CONNECTIVE TISSUE

 The connective tissues in the body are categorized on

the basis of their cellular and extracellular composition
into numerous types such as collagenous, adipose,
reticular, elastic, and mucous.
 COLLAGENOUS CONNECTIVE TISSUE
(Ordinary Connective Tissue)
 Is the most abundant type of connective tissue in the
body. It is connective tissue in which the predominant
extracellular fiber is (collagen fiber (collagen type I) and
the predominant cell type is the fibroblast.
 Collagenous connective tissues are grouped into
two general categories;

* LOOSE CONNECTIVE TISSUE

* DENSE CONNECTIVE TISSUE
DENSE COLLAGENOUS
CONNECTIVE TISSUE
 Dense collagenous connective tissue or simply dense
connective tissue is characterized by scanty
intercellular ground substance in which an abundant
number of closely packed collagen fibers and relatively
few cells are embedded.
DENSE IREGULAR CONNECTIVE TISSUE
COMPRISES ;

 DERMIS OF THE SKIN

 CAPSULE of some organs like the lymph nodes,
liver spleen, and testes; sheath of large.
 NERVES
 PERIOSTEUM that envelops bones
 DURA MATER.
Dense regular connective tissue, on the other hand,
makes up tendons, ligaments, and fibrous membranes.
 LOOSE COLLAGENOUS CONNECTIVE TISSUE
(Areolar Connective Tissue; Areolar Tissue; Loose
Connective Tissue)

 Loose collagenous connective tissue, which is also known as

areolar connective tissue or simply loose connective tissue. Is
characterized by high vascularity and an abundance of
extracellular substance where the relatively few collagenous
fibers are arranged haphazard.
Loose connective tissue

 Is more abundant in the body than dense connective tissue. It

comprises the;
 Hypodermis (subcutaneous tissue) that underlies skin
 Tunica adventitia of blood vessels
 Lamina Propria
 ADIPOSE TISSUE
- Isa connective tissue in which the predominant
cellular element is the fat or adipose cell.
Adipose tissue represents the largest energy storage
site of the body.
 RETICULAR TISSUE.
 Is a connective tissue in which predominant cell and extracellular fiber
are the reticular cell and reticular fiber, respectively.

 Reticular tissue is abundant and forms the stroma or supporting

framework
of the live, myeloid tissue , and lymphoid tissues and organs such as
lymph nodes and the spleen.
 ELASTIC TISSUE.

 Elastic tissue is a connective tissue in which the predominant

fibrillar component is the elastic fiber.
 Elastic tissue is typified by the ligament a flava of the
vertebral column and the suspensory ligament of the penis .
 MUCOUS TISSUE.
 Mucous tissue is characterized by an abundance of amorphous and
jelly-like ground substance in which a scare number of collagen
elastic, and
Reticular fibers are embedded

Mucous tissue is common in the embryo but rare in adults.it is

exemplified by
wharton’s jelly, the connective tissue present in the umbilical cord.