OLAP Operations

Roll-up operation

• It is also called ‘aggregation.’ We can perform this

operation in two ways.

• Reduction of dimension: It is the system in which the

cube reduces its dimension
• Climbing up concept hierarchy. It is the system of
grouping things based on their level.
made by Radmilo Pesic & Branko Golubovic 10/74
Drill-down operation

• It is the opposite process of roll-up. It performs in 2

ways.

• Increasing of dimension
• Climbing down the concept hierarchy
 supplier=“SUP1” supplier=“SUP2” supplier=“SUP1”

) Chicago
it ies
c
ion ( New York
at Toronto
loc Vancouver
Q1 605 825 14 400
time (quarters)

Q2

Q3

Q4

computer security computer security computer security

home phone home phone home phone
entertainment entertainment entertainment
item (types) item (types) item (types)

A 4-D data cube representation of sales data for AllElectronics

made by Radmilo Pesic & Branko Golubovic 14/74

 Chicago
ti
440 es)
New York (ci
1560
ss Toronto
dre 395
ad Vancouver
Q1 605 825 14 400 <Vancouver,Q1,security>

time (quarters)
Q2

Q3

Q4

computer security
home phone
entertainment
item (types)
Drill-down on time data for Q1 Roll-up on address

ri es)
s) un
t USA 2000
Chicago
ti e
New (ci
York s(
co Canada 1000
ss Toronto
dre d res Q1
ad Vancouver ad

time (quarters)
Jan 150 Q2
time (months)

Feb 100 Q3

March 150 Q4

computer security computer security

home phone home phone
entertainment entertainment
item (types) item (types)

made by Radmilo Pesic & Branko Golubovic 15/74

In a slice method, one dimension is
chosen, and a subcube is generated.

Two or more dimensions are selected

in a dice operation, and subcubes are
generated.
 all
0-D (apex) cuboid

item location
time supplier 1-D cuboid

time, supplier item, supplier

time, item location, supplier 2-D cuboid
time, location item, location

time, location, supplier

time, item, location item, location, supplier 3-D cuboid
time, item, supplier

time, item, location, supplier 4-D (base) cuboid

Lattice of cuboids, making up a 4-D data cube

made by Radmilo Pesic & Branko Golubovic 20/74

made by Radmilo Pesic & Branko Golubovic 21/74
 Pivot
• The pivot operation is also known as rotation.

• It rotates the data axes in view in order to provide an

alternative presentation of data. 

made by Radmilo Pesic & Branko Golubovic 22/74

Pivot
• To provide a substitute presentation of data, you need to rotate the data
axes in this operation

23/74
 s) Chicago
c it ie 440
( New York 1560
t i on Toronto 395
a
loc Vancouver drill-down
Q1 605 825 14 400 on time

time (quarters)
Q2
(from quarters
to months)
Q3

Q4
roll-up )
it ies Chicago
on location computer security
(c New York
on Toronto
home phone ati
(from cities entertainment c
lo Vancouver
to countries) item (types) January 150
February 100
March 150
s)
trie April
n

time (months)
u USA
n (co 2000 May
o Canada
cati June
lo Q1 1000
July
time (quarters)

August
Q2
September
Q3 October
November
Q4
December
computer security computer security
home phone home phone
entertainment entertainment
item (types) item (types)

made by Radmilo Pesic & Branko Golubovic 25/74

 )
it ies Chicago 440 s)
(c New York 1560 c itie USA 395
on Toronto (
cati 395
t i on Canada
lo Vancouver a
loc

(quarters)
Q1 605
Q1 605 825 14 400

time
time (quarters)
Q2
Q2
computer
Q3 dice for home
entertainment
(location=“Toronto” or “Vancouver”) item (types)
Q4
and (time=“Q1”or “Q2”) and
computer security
(item=“home entertainment” or “computer”)
home phone
entertainment
item (types)
slice
for time=“Q1”
home
Chicago 605
entertainment
location (cities)

item (types)
New York computer 825

Toronto phone 14
pivot
Vancouver 605 825 14 400 security 400

computer security New York Vancouver

home phone Chicago Toronto
entertainment
item (types) location (cities)

made by Radmilo Pesic & Branko Golubovic 28/74