Humanism

Humanism
Diska – Fika – Sakhi

Definition
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Humanism Computer
Definition
Humanism is an approach that studies the

person as a whole
Definition
A uniqueness in each individual in

perceiving and understanding the
world.
It emphasizes on the view of

human beings, as persons
who have the ability to grow
(fulfill his/her own
potential)
Definition
Psychoanalysis Behaviorism Humanism
 Humanism as the ‘third force’ in psychology,

stressing in human freedom and human
potential
Influential Figures in Humanism
 Abraham Maslow
 He was considered as the founder of

humanistic psychology at mid-century.
 People are motivated to achieve certain
needs. When one need is fulfilled, a
person seeks to fulfill the next one.
Hierarchy of Needs
 Abraham Maslow
 Five-stage in Hierarchy of Needs has been expanded to
include cognitive and aesthetic needs (1970) and
transcendence needs (1970)
 Seven-stage Hierarchy of
Needs (Cognitive and
Aesthetic Needs)
 Eight-stage Hierarchy of Needs (Transcendence Needs)
 The Characters of Self-Actualized People:
 1. peak experiences
 2. comfortable with themselves and others
 3. open, direct, spontaneous, independent, playful, creative
 4. focus on problems outside themselves, are concerned with
society, the world
 5. need aloneness and privacy
'There
a
perfec re no
t h uma
beings n
”
• They are experiencing a high

level of well being and personal
integration
• They are still growing

 Carl Rogers
Genuineness (openness)
Acceptance (being seen with

unconditional positive regard)
Empathy (being listened to and

understood)
ENVIRONMENT
Self-Actualization Theory
Satisfactio
Goal Fulfill
n
There ar
Able to do self- e
characte five
actualization = ristics o
fully fun f
Fully Functioning ctioning
Person person
• Open to experience
• Existential living
• Trust feelings
• Creativity
• Fulfilled life
 Carl Rogers Personality Development
Self-concept
Consistent set of perceptions and

beliefs about oneself
Two Primary
Sources:
 Noted: 1. Childhood
Self: the term used in humanistic for 2. Evaluation by
who we really are as a person others
 Self-Concept includes three components
Ideal Self: The

Self Image: How we
person who we
see ourselves
would like to be
Self Worth (Self-

esteem)
Self Worth (Self-esteem) and Positive Regards
is what we think about ourselves [Childhood]
High Self Worth Low Self Worth
• Has confidence and • Do not have confidence

positive feeling about and always have negative
themselves thinking about
• Faces challenges in life themselves
• Accepts failure and • Avoid challenges in life
unhappiness • Do not accept failure and
• Open with people unhappiness
• Defensive with other
people
Positive Regards is the feeling of being valued and
respected by others
(judgment and evaluation)
• Occurs when parents or

Unconditional others accept and love a
Positive Regard person for what he or she
is
• Occurs when positive

Conditional regard and praise depend
Positive Regard upon the children
Congruence
Ideal Self
Self Image
(who a person
(actual behavior)
would like to be)
Incongruence
Ideal Self Self Image

(who a person (actual
would like to be) experience)
Characteristics of Humanism
1. It deals with the whole person rather than with some

kind of fragmented of all the sub-aspects of man.
2. Concerns about the concept of “self-actualization”

and “self-fulfillment”.
3. Concerns about the way individual views himself

and the values which one prefers in developing
oneself.
The Implementation of Humanism in
Teaching and Learning Process
Center of classroom activities Facilitator, Guide
STUDENTS-CENTERED
CHARACTERISTICS OF HUMANISTIC EDUCATION
1. Self-Regulated Learning
Students should choose what they will study.
2. Affective Education
The teacher should put much value on affective goals.
3. Authentic Assessment
Avoid of giving grades, standardized tests, and other formal
evaluations.
4. Self-Motivation
Teacher should teach the students how to learn and how to
value learning for its own sake.
CHARACTERISTICS OF HUMANISTIC EDUCATION
5. Discipline
They should encourage self discipline and self
control among students.
6. Place and Role of the Teacher
Students play a central role.
Strengths and Weakness of Humanism
Strenghts Weakness
The students are Time consuming

becoming creative and
active
Teacher knows each Lack academic
student’s characteristics achievements
The students become More individualist
more responsibility and
discipline
Not economical

Humanism

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Humanism

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Humanism

Diska – Fika – Sakhi

Humanism is an approach that studies the

A uniqueness in each individual in

It emphasizes on the view of

Psychoanalysis Behaviorism Humanism

 Humanism as the ‘third force’ in psychology,

 He was considered as the founder of

• They are experiencing a high

• They are still growing

Acceptance (being seen with

Empathy (being listened to and

Consistent set of perceptions and

Ideal Self: The

Self Worth (Self-

High Self Worth Low Self Worth

• Has confidence and • Do not have confidence

• Occurs when parents or

• Occurs when positive

Ideal Self Self Image

1. It deals with the whole person rather than with some

2. Concerns about the concept of “self-actualization”

3. Concerns about the way individual views himself

Center of classroom activities Facilitator, Guide

The students are Time consuming

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