OL Logarithms

Arithmetic using
Bar Values
Logarithm is the Index

 If
 The log table has logarithms of
values from 1 to 9.999 in base 10
 lg 1 = 0 and lg 10 = 1
 As such the log table values are
positive decimals between 0 and 1
Characteristic of a logarithm >1

Any number could be expressed in the standard form

Example:
1
23.32 = 2.332 x 10 lg 23.32 = 1.3678
233.2 = 2.332 x 102 lg 233.2 = 2.3678
 The whole number part of the logarithm is the index of standard
form
 The decimal part is read from the log table.
 The characteristic of a logarithm of values >1 is one less than the
whole number digits of the value.
Characteristic of a logarithm <1
A number between 0 and 1 also could be expressed in the
standard form
Example:
-1
0.2332 = 2.332 x 10 lg 0.2332 = .3678
-2
0.02332 = 2.332 x 10 lg 0.02332 = .3678
 The index of standard form is negative
 The number which is read from the log table is positive.
 As such we cannot write the logarithm as -1.3678.
 The Characteristic of a logarithm of values between 0 and 1
is the total number of leading ZEROS.
Arithmetic of Bar Values
In bar values the whole number is negative and decimal part is positive

Examples:
∵ (− 𝟏 ) + ( −𝟐 ) =−𝟏 −𝟐=−𝟑
∵+𝟐− ( −𝟏 ) =+𝟐+𝟏=+𝟑
∵− 𝟏 – (− 𝟐)=−𝟏+𝟐=+𝟏
∵− 𝟔+𝟐=− 𝟒
∵𝟏 . 𝟒𝟔𝟗𝟑=− 𝟏+ ( −𝟐 ) +𝟐 . 𝟒𝟔𝟗𝟑
∵𝟔 . 𝟑𝟖𝟒𝟓=− 𝟔+ ( −𝟒 )+𝟒 .𝟑𝟖𝟒𝟓
 Thank You
P. Mohanlal Perera
studyguide.corresponding@gmail.com