Catanduanes State University

GRADUATE SCHOOL PROGRAM

CH 407: Environmental Chemistry

PETER JOHN PAUL Q. TARIMAN

2022-70063
MAT-Chemistry
 ANTHROSPH
ERE

ATMOSPHE GEOSPHER
RE E

RELATE TO THIS…WATER
POLLUTION

HYDROSPH BIOSPHER
ERE E
ACTIVITY: POSTER MAKING
• MATERIALS:

• COLORING MATERIALS
• WHITE CARTOLINA
• PENCIL
• PENTEL PEN

• CREATE A POSTER ON SHOWCASING WATER POLLUTION AND

PRESENT IT TO THE CLASS
CRITERIA/ RUBRIC FOR
POSTER MAKING EXCELLENT (5 AVERAGE (4 ACCEPTABLE (3 POOR (1 POINT)
POINTS) POINTS) POINTS)
Conversation All images are Images are of good Images are Images are poorly
Message imaginatively chosen quality and appropriate but selected and little
(Conveying and convey appropriately partially conveyed the to no conveyed
message of the message of water conveyed water message of water message about
Poster) pollution in an pollution as message. pollution. water pollution.
(40%) informative manner.
Visualization and Innovative and Overall impression is Some thought are Little to no
Organization stylish. The good. Organization is acceptable. Difficult to organization. No
(30%) organization allows logically sequential. follow the story. Poor story is being
the viewer to Appropriate chose of chose of colors followed. Colors
understand what is colors. are contrasting one
presented. another.
Outstanding pick of
colors
Originality (20 %) Idea is unique and Good chose of idea Idea chosen is limited Poor idea chosen.
out of the box with an extent of only to the self. Needs No Creative and
perspective, also going beyond the box. improvement on Critical Thinking
shows creative and Little creative and creativity and critical was manifested.
critical thinking. critical thinking being thinking
showcased.
Presentation Excellent use of Good choice of Appropriate use of Poor choice of
(10%) words on statement. Relevant words but needs words. With
presentation. Easy to information with little improvement which obvious reason of
understand. Does surpassing of what is contradicts what is not being prepared.
not contradict on presented. presented.
what is presented
 OBJECTIVES
Identify the nature of water pollution
Discuss the sources of water pollutants
and the possible interventions that we can
give
Water Pollution and It’s Nature
◦ Water Pollution is the contamination of water sources by substances
which make the water unusable for drinking, cooking, cleaning,
swimming, and other activities.
◦ According to World Health Organization (WHO), water that has
been polluted is toxic water that has no essential use anymore.
◦ Pollutants in the water do not always change the color of the water,
meaning that they are often invisible.
The types of water pollution include:
◦ Groundwater Pollution
◦ Surface Water Pollution
◦ Suspended Matter
◦ Oil Spillages
◦ Microbiological Pollution
◦ Chemical Water Pollution
◦ Thermal Pollution
◦ Oxygen-Depletion Pollution
GROUNDWATER
POLLUTION
SURFACE WATER
POLLUTION
SUSPENDED MATTER
OIL SPILLAGES
MICROBIOLOGICAL POLLUTION
CHEMICAL WATER POLLUTION
THERMAL POLLUTION
OXYGEN-DEPLETION POLLUTION
What Are the Causes of Water
Pollution?
The most common cause of poor quality water is human
activity and its consequences:

GLOBAL WARMING RUBBISH AND FAECAL WATER DUMPING

DEFORESTATION MARITIME TRAFFIC

INDUSTRY,
AGRICULTURE AND
FUEL SPILLAGES
LIVESTOCK
FARMING
MARKERS/ INDICATORS OF
WATER POLLUTION
Markers of water pollution are observable manifestation of
pollution.
Most important marker of water pollution:
Biological Markers
Organisms that live in or are closely associated with bodies of water
that provide evidence on the presence of pollution.
Osprey, an organism that acts as a worldwide sentinel
specie to asses and monitor environmental pollution in
rivers, lakes, reservoirs, and estuaries.
WATER POLLUTANTS
 Water pollutants can be classified as organic
pollutants, inorganic pollutants, pathogens,
suspended solids, nutrients and agriculture pollutants,
thermal, radioactive, and other pollutants
Elemental Pollutants
 Elemental Pollutants are pollutants that are once essential to
plants and animals but due to higher concentrations they
become very disruptive and toxic to the environment.
 Heavy metals are among the most harmful of the elemental
pollutants and are of particular concern due to its toxicities to
humans.
 Some Metalloids are significant water pollutants.
 Inorganic Chemicals
 HEAVY METALS
• Three major heavy metals that serve as water pollutant are:

CADMIUM (Cd) LEAD (Pb) MERCURY (Hg)

 HEAVY METALS

CADMIUM (Cd)
Pollutant Cadmium in water may arise from
mining wastes and industrial discharges, especially
from metal plating. Chemically, cadmium is very
similar to zinc, and these two metals undergo
frequently geochemical processes together. Both
metals are found in water.

Both Cadmium and Zinc are common water and

sediment pollutants in harbors surrounded by
industrial installations.
 HEAVY METALS

Lead is a naturally occurring toxic
LEAD (Pb)
metal found in the Earth’s crust. Its
widespread use has resulted in
extensive environmental
contamination, human exposure and
significant public health problems in
many parts of the world.
Lead is, however, also used in many
other products, for example pigments,
paints, solder, stained glass, lead
crystal glassware, ammunition, ceramic
glazes, jewelry, toys, some cosmetics.

Important sources of environmental

contamination come from mining,
smelting, manufacturing and recycling
activities and use in a wide range of
products.
 HEAVY METALS

Lead can enter drinking water when

LEAD (Pb)
plumbing materials that contain lead
corrode, especially where the water has
high acidity or low mineral content that
corrodes pipes and fixtures. The most
common sources of lead in drinking
water are lead pipes, faucets, and
fixtures. In homes with lead pipes that
connect the home to the water main,
also known as lead services lines, these
pipes are typically the most significant
source of lead in the water.
 HEAVY METALS

Mercury is extremely
poisonous, and we can absorb Mercury is one of the most serious MERCURY (Hg)
it by touch, inhalation, or contaminants threatening our Nation’s
consumption. It builds up in waters because it is a potent
the body with each exposure neurological poison in fish, wildlife,
and is very difficult to remove. and humans.
If you get too much in you,
you can suffer from mercury
poisoning, which is both
unpleasant and potentially
fatal.
MINAMATA DISEASE
On May 1, 1956, a doctor in Japan reported an "epidemic of an unknown disease of
the central nervous system," marking the official discovery of Minamata disease.

In the late 1950s Minamata Bay, Japan became contaminated with mercury from a
nearby factory manufacturing the chemical acetaldehyde (Chisso Corporation's
chemical waste pipe). The mercury was biotransformed by bacteria in the water into
methylmercury, or organic mercury, that bioaccumulated and biomagnified in the
muscle of fish. First, local cats that ate the fish began to stagger about and die. Then,
the local population of people that depended on fish were affected, particularly
developing fetuses and children. Over two thousand people died, and thousands
more experienced crippling injuries.
 What Are the Effects of
ACTIVITY:
Water Pollution?

•On human health

•On the Environment