ORGANIZATION AND

MANAGEMENT
WEEK 2
 What is
management?

The process of organizing and overseeing the work

performance of individuals working togeteher in
organization.

For management to be successful, efficiency and

effectiveness are required to carry it out.
 MANAGER
responsible for the entire organization particularly in realizing
its goals and the attainment of its vision and mission.

According to Peter Drucker,

The manager creates a team out of his

people through his decisions on pay,
placement, promotions, and through his
communications with the team.
Drucker refer to it as an "integrating"
function of the manager.
 The three main levels of managers
TOP LEVEL MIDDLE LEVEL LOWER LEVEL
MANAGERS MANAGERS MANAGERS

They perform administrative They perform executory

functions as dictated by top They are referred to as the
functions, and are responsible
management. They also facilitate supervisory or the operative
for controlling and overseeing
the changes needed in the level of managers. They are the
the entire organization.
organization, and they manage line managers as they oversee
the day-to-day activity in the and direct the employees.
business and make sure that
everything is done in compliance
with organization's needs.
 The five functions of a Manager
Theoretical, these are 5 separate functions, yet they blend in
nicely. A wise manager prioritizes theses functions as needed
by the organization.
 • PLANNING
Involves identifying the goals of the organization, and the best
way(s) to accomplish these goals.
Meanings...

According to KOONTZ, "Planning is

deciding in advance- what to do, when
to do & how to do.
Planning is a determination of courses
of action to achieve desired goals.
Planning is a systematic thinking about ways
& means for accomplishments of pre-
determined goals.
It is necessary to ensure proper
utilization of human and non-human
resources.
 2. ORGANIZING
This involves assigning responsibilities to employees who
have the competence and ability to complete the task.
Meanings...

According to Henri Fayol, "To organize a

business is to provide it with everything
useful or its functioning i.e. raw material,
tools, capital and personnel's".
Organizing involves...
• Identification of activities.
• Classification ogf grouping of activities.
• Assignment of duties.
• Delegation of authority and creation of
responsibilty.
• Coordinating authority and responsibilty
relationships.
 3. STAFFING
This involves hiring the right employee for the job. It is the
function of manning the organization structure and keeping it
manned. The main purpose of staffing is to put the right
person on the right job
Staffing involves:

• Manpower Planning ( estimating man

power in terms of searching, choose the
person and giving the right place).
• Recruitment, Selection, & Placement.
• Training & Development.
• Remuneration.
• Performance Appraisal.
• Promotion & Transfer.
 4. DIRECTING
It involves coordinating the entire organization so it performs
efficiently to achieve its goals. It deals with influencing,
guiding, supervising, and motivating the entire organization in
order that it performs and achieves according to its goals.

Direction has following elements:

• Supervision- implies overseeing the work of
subordinates by their superiors. It is the act of
watching and directing work & workers.
• Motivation- inspiring, encouraging the subordinates
with zeal to work.
• Leadership- may be defined as a process by which
manager guides and influence the work of
subordinates in desired direction.
• Communication- process of passing information,
experience, opinion, etc from one person to another.
It is a bridge of understanding
 5. CONTROLLING
It involves with monitoring or checking the performance of
employees, comparing it with organizational goals, and taking
corrective actions when necessary.

According to Theo Haimann, "Controlling is the

process of checking whether or not proper progress
is being made towards the objectives and goals and
acting if necessary, to correct any deviation."

According to Koontz & O'Donnel, "Controlling is

the measurement and correction of performance
activities of subordinates in order to make sure that
the enterprise objectives and plans desired to obtain
them as being accomplished."
Controlling has following steps:

• Establishments of standard
performance.
• Measurement of actual
performance.
• Comparison of actual performance
with standards and finding out
deviation if any.
• Corrective action.
10 ROLES OF A
MANAGER
 What is a role?

It refers to behavior expected from a person in

accordance with his position or status.

According to Mintzberg (1973), there are 10

managerial roles. And these 10 roles fall into
three types or categories of managerial roles:
Interpersonal, INformational, and Decisional
Roles.
 Fit in Society

They show good behavior.

They understand and share the burden.
Helps in the development of useful
skills.
Motivate them.
They reflect.
Interpersonal Roles
The roles that t7he manager is expected to do as
highest ranking member of the organization. It also
involves building harmonious relationship among
members of the organization
Figurehead- The manager performs ceremonial
duties as head of the organizations.

Leader- The manager provides the direction for the

rest opf the organization.

Liaison- acts as the main contact from the

organization to the rest of the world. This allows
the creation of the business partnerships and
collaborative projects and ventures.