Performance Task 2:

Reporting
Presented by Christian Kirby S. Villanueva
STEM 201
Origin and Structure of Earth
 This is the explanation of the Big Bang Theory where how
the universe began. At its simplest; it says the universe as
we know it started with a small singularity, then inflated,
over the next 13.8 Billion years.
 Our universe burst into existence in ana event known as
the Big Bang 13.8 billion years ago. Moments later, space
itself ripped apart, expanding exponentially in an episode
known as inflation.
 Our solar system formed about 4.5 billion years ago. From
particles in a disk of gas and dust, colliding, and sticking
together as they orbit the star.
Mineral Resources

Minerals can be described by various physical properties which relate

to their chemical structure and composition. There are 5
requirements a material has to meet to be considered as a Mineral.
It is Naturally occurring – it means that a substance is not man-made
Inorganic – It means that a substance without a carbon basis
Stable at temperature – It must stay solid from 20-25 Celsius
It has a definite chemical composition
Has an ordered internal structure
The Examples of these are Talc, Gypsum, Calcite, Fluorite, Apatite,
Orthoclase Feldspar, Quartz, Topaz, Corundum, and Diamond.
Rocks

 These are aggregates of a mineral or minerals and there

are over 5000 minerals. Most of them are rocks. All rocks
may seem permanent and unchanging over a human
lifetime, but this apparent and unchanging over a human
lifetime. The examples of this kind of rocks are Crystals,
Fossils, Gas bubbles, Glassy surface, Ribbon-like layers,
and Pebbles. There are three types of rocks, The Igneous
Rock, Sedimentary, Metamorphic
Energy Resources

 These are estimated maximum capacity for energy

production given all available resources on Earth. They
can be divided by type into fossil fuel, nuclear fuel and
renewable resources. The remaining fossil fuels are Coal,
Gas, and Oil. Energy resources are all forms of fuel used in
the modern world, either for heating, generation of
electrical energy, or for other forms of energy conversion
processes.
Water Resources

 This lesson refers to all the water flowing in a channel. The term
river is commonly used for any large stream fed by smaller ones.
Most of the streams run year-round even during times of drought,
because they are fed by ground water that seeps into streambed.
 Most problems related to water quality are caused by intensive
agriculture, industrial production, mining, and untreated urban
runoff and wastewater.
 Despite efforts to create cooperation around environmental
treaties and agreements, decisions directly affecting
environmental issue are often taken outside of environmental
policy circles.
Soil Resources
 Is a mixture of mineral grains, organic material, water, and gas. The
mineral grains include clay, silt, sand, and rock fragments. The examples
of these are Clay, Loam, and Humus.
 Clay is a type of fine-grained natural soil material containing clay minerals.
It develops plasticity when wet due to molecular film of water surrounding
the clay, but become hard, brittle and non-plastic upon drying or firing. It
is also known as ceramic material.
 Loam is soil made with a balance of the three main types of soil: sand, silt,
and clay soil. As a rule, loam soil should consist of equal parts of all
three soil types.
 Humus is dark, organic material that forms in soil when plant and animal
matter decays. When plants drop leaves, twigs, and other material to the
ground, it piles up. ... The thick brown or black substance that remains
after most of the organic litter has decomposed is called humus.
Exogenic Processes

  is the breaking down or dissolving of rocks and minerals on Earth's

surface. Once a rock has been broken down, a process called erosion
transports the bits of rock and minerals away. 
 There two types of weathering: the mechanical and chemical weathering.
 Mechanical weathering is the process of breaking big rocks into little ones.
This process usually happens near the surface of the planet. Temperature
also affects the land. The cool nights and hot days always cause things to
expand and contract. 
 Chemical weathering is when chemicals in rain and moving water react
with rocks and minerals to change or weaken them in some way. Chemical
weathering always causes some type of chemical reaction within the rock
or mineral itself.
Endogenic Processes
 These are geological processes that occur beneath the
surface of the earth. They are comprised volcanic,
tectonic, and isostatic processes, which shaped the
surfaces of all terrestrial planets, the Moon, and all the
other Solar System with solid surfaces.
 The 4 different Endogenic Processes are Metamorphism,
earthquakes, crustal wrapping, folding and faulting.