AMITY INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL

Understanding-G20
 WHAT IS G 20 ?
The G20 or Group of 20,is an International forum for economic cooperation,
comprising 19 countries and the European Union (EU). It works to address
major issues related to the global economy, such as:
International Financial Stability
Climate Change Mitigation
Sustainable Development
 ORIGIN

The G20 was founded in 1999 after the Asian financial

crisis as a forum for the Finance Ministers and Central
Bank Governors to discuss global economic and financial
issues.
 PURPOSE

To bring together systemically,

industrialized and developing
economies to discuss key issues in
the global economy.
 MEMBER COUNTRIES
The EU countries are:

Austria, Belgium,
The G20 comprises Argentina, Australia, Bulgaria, Croatia,
Republic of Cyprus, Czech
Brazil, Canada, China, EU, France, Republic, Denmark,
Estonia, Finland, France,
Germany, India, Indonesia, Italy, Japan, Germany, Greece,
Hungary, Ireland, Italy,
Mexico, Russia, Saudi Arabia, South Africa, Latvia, Lithuania,
Luxembourg, Malta,
South Korea, Turkey, UK and USA Netherlands, Poland,
Portugal, Romania,
Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain
and Sweden.
ROTATIONAL PRESIDENCY

The G20 Summit is held

annually with a rotating
Presidency. The 2023
Presidency is with India.
INDIA AS A HOST AND PRESIDENT
India is the President of G20 summit for
the year 2022-23.
India took the G20 Presidency from
Indonesia on December 1, 2022, and the
Presidency will remain in India until
November 30, 2023.
The G20 New Delhi Summit was chaired
by the Indian Prime Minister, Narendra
Modi.
 INDIA’S VISION FOR G20

 The greatest challenges that we face today

such as climate change, terrorism and
pandemic, can be solved by acting
together.
 Prime Minister Naredra Modi emphasised
that India’s G-20 Presidency will be
inclusive, ambitious, action oriented and
decisive.
 Focus on “One Earth”, creating harmony
within our “Family” and giving hope for”
Our Future”.
 India’s experiences will provide insights
 LOGO: ITS SYMBOLIC MEANING

• The G20 Logo draws inspiration from the vibrant colours of

India's national flag – saffron, white and green, and blue.
• It juxtaposes planet Earth with the lotus, India's national
flower that reflects growth amid challenges.
• The Earth reflects India's pro-planet approach to life, one in
perfect harmony with nature
 TAGLINE
The India's G20 Presidency would guide the
work of the G20 under the theme of –

“Vasudhaiva Kutumbakam”
or
“One Earth · One Family · One Future”

- drawn from the Sanskrit phrase of the

Mahaupanishad , which means "The World Is
One Family”.
 AGENDA-G20

The G20 initially focused largely on

broad macroeconomic issues, but it
has since expanded its agenda to
inter-alia include trade, sustainable
development, health, agriculture,
energy, environment, climate change,
and anti-corruption.
 EARLY G20
The first G20 Summit was held in 2008 in Washington DC (USA). It set the
scene for the most dramatic reform of global finance in over 60 years.
2009 in London(UK) 2009 in Pittsburgh(USA)
2010 in Toronto Summit (Canada)
2010 in Seoul (Republic of Korea)
2011 in Cannes (France)
2012 in Los Cabos (Mexico)
2013 in St. Petersburg (Russia)
2014 in Brisbane (Australia)
2015 in Antalya (Turkey)
2016 in Hangzhou (China)
2017 in Hamburg ( Germany)
2018 in Buenos Aires (Argentina)
2019 in Osaka (Japan)
2020 in Saudi Arabia
2012 in Italy
2022 in Indonesia
 G20 Term in India
• India is hosting over 200 meetings in over 50 cities
across 32 different themes and area of work.
• Through these meetings we will have the opportunity
to offer G20 delegates and guests a glimpse of India’s
rich cultural heritage and provide them with a unique
Indian experience.
• To make it truly a ‘People’s G20’,large scale public
participation is done through “Jan Bhagidari”
activities.
 INDIA’s G20 PRIORITIES
1. Green Development, Climate Finance & LiFE

India's focus on climate change, with particular emphasis

on climate finance and technology, as well as ensuring
energy transitions for developing countries.

Introduction of LiFE movement which promotes

environmentally-conscious practices and that is based on
India's sustainable traditions.
INDIA’s G20 PRIORITIES

2. Accelerated, Inclusive & Resilient Growth

Focus on areas that have the potential to bring structural

transformation, including supporting small and medium-
sized enterprises in global trade, promoting labour rights
and welfare, addressing the global skills gap, and
building inclusive agricultural value chains and food
systems.
INDIA’s G20 PRIORITIES

3. Accelerating Progress on SDGs

Recommitment to achieving the targets set out in the

2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, with
particular focus on addressing the impact of the COVID-
19 pandemic.
INDIA’s G20 PRIORITIES

4. Accelerating Progress Through Technology

Promotion of a human-centric approach to technology

and increased knowledge-sharing in areas such as digital
public infrastructure, financial inclusion, and tech-
enabled development in sectors such as agriculture and
education.
INDIA’s G20 PRIORITIES

5. Multilateral Institutions for the 21st century

Efforts to reform multilateralism and create a more

accountable, inclusive, and representative international
system that is fit for addressing 21st century challenges.
INDIA’s G20 PRIORITIES

6. Women-led Development

Emphasis on inclusive growth and development, with a

focus on women empowerment and representation in
order to boost socio-economic development and the
achievement of SDGs
MIND MAP:G20
 CULMINATION OF G20

On September 9–10, 2023, the Pragati

Maidan in New Delhi will host the 18th
meeting of the G20 Leaders of State and
Government. All of the G20 meetings and
gatherings of ministers, senior government
officials, and members of civil society
organisations that took place throughout
the year will culminate in the summit.
Test your Understanding ?
 MCQ

1. Which of the following statement is not correct regarding G20?

A. Now the G20 Summits are attended by the finance ministers and central
bank governors of the members country only
B. India never hosted any G20 summit
C. It's main aim is to eliminate poverty from the world
D. It's meeting are held annually
2. When was G20 established?
A. 1995
B. 1999
C. 1985
D. 2000
 MCQ
3. Which of the following city is organising the recent G20 summit going to be
held in 2023?
A. Brisbane
B. Osaka
C. Anatalya
D. New Delhi

4. What is the theme of G20 summit happening in India?

A. Shaping an interconnected World
B. Fighting poverty and rigidity
C. One earth one family one future
D. Making the world together
 MCQ
5. Which of the following is not the member of G20?
A. Indonesia
B. Mexico
C. Singapore
D. Turkey

6. Where was the first summit of G20 held?

A. USA
B. Britain
C. Canada
D. France
 Question

Q1. What does the G20 theme "One Earth, One Family, One Future” signify?

Q2. Amitabh Kant, the former CEO of NITI Aayog was appointed as the Sherpa of
G20 for India’s presidency tenure. What does his duty as Sherpa entail?

Q3. In this era of Amritkaal, how can India’s G20 presidency expedite our
commitments to various SDGs, with special emphasis on SDG 1 (No poverty), SDG
2 (no hunger) and SDG 3 (ensuring good health)?
 Source Based Question

The Extraordinary G20 Finance Ministers and Central Bank Governors’ Meeting in
November 2020 marked a significant step wherein the members of the grouping
recognised that a fresh view had to be taken to redress the debt situation of the
low-income countries that went beyond the Debt Service Suspension Initiative
(DSSI). While doing so, they endorsed the “Common Framework for Debt
Treatments beyond the DSSI”, under which, all official bilateral creditors should
implement this initiative fully and in a transparent manner.

The objective of this new initiative was to “facilitate timely and orderly debt
treatment for DSSI-eligible countries, with broad creditors’ participation including
the private sector”.
Since the “Common Framework” was launched, only four countries – Chad,
Ethiopia, Zambia and Ghana – have requested for restructuring of their debts. This
does not speak too well about the success of the initiative, especially due to the
fact that the restructuring plan has gone through only in case of Chad, and in case
of Ghana, the initial step, namely the establishment of the Creditor Committee, has
not yet been completed. Thus, this initiative of the G20 countries to address the
debt burden of the low-income countries is also fading into irrelevance as most
other debt-reduction initiatives have been since the debt crisis in the 1980s.
 

The initiative was intended to bring on to the table the “new donors” from the
developing world, especially China and India, alongside the traditional “Paris Club”
donors. This introduced a dynamic that the grouping has been unable to deal with,
which is encouraging China and the traditional donors to work together.
Prime Minister Narendra Modi had flagged the threat of unsustainable debt facing
some developing nations in his message before the recent G20 Finance Ministers
and Central Bank Governors. The question is, can India pull its political weight to
alter the rules of the grossly inequitable debt management strategy of the G20
countries?
Question 1-
What are the challenges being faced by G20 Common Framework for Debt
Treatments?
Question 2-
In light of the economic crisis in Sri Lanka and Pakistan, how can G20 extend a much
needed credit line to aid the debt restructuring process in the respective countries?
Question 3-
Can G20’s Common Framework for Debt Treatment replace traditional lending
institutions like International Monetary Fund (IMF) and International Bank for
Reconstruction and Development (commonly known as World Bank)?