Understanding Culture, Society and Politics

Concepts of Social Groups and Social

Organization
OBJECTIVES:
1. Define the different concepts of social groups and social
organization.
2. Explain the characteristics of social group; and
3. Enumerate and describe the different forms of social groups.
Group

 Two or more figures forming a complete unit

in a composition(merriam-webster)

 A group is a number of people or things

which are together in one place at one time
( Collin Dictionary)
Social Group

 Any set of human beings who either are,

recently have been or anticipate being in
some kind of interrelation( Britannica.com)

 Two or more human who interact with one

another share similar characteristics, and
have a collective sense of unity
Other Collections( but are not
considered as Social Groups)
 Aggregate
or a crowd. A group of people in the same
location at the same time but do not share a
sense of identity nor interact with each other.

 Category
Some individuals who share similar
characteristics but is not, in any way.
Connected to one another.
Types of Social Group
Point of view
 On the basis of contact
 On the basis of identification
 On the basis of rules and regulation
 On the basis of structure
 On the basis of relation to society
On the Basis of Contact

Primary groups
are small clusters of people whose members
share intimate and personal relationships, often
serving as a support and comfort to those involved.

Secondary groups
are large groups whose relationships as impersonal
and goal oriented; their relationship are temporary.
 On the Basis of Identification

1. In-groups
Are social groups to which an individual feels he
or he belongs

2. Out-groups
Refer to an individual doesn’t identify within
the group.
On the Basis of Rules and Regulation

Formal group
Is a formed when people come together to
accomplished specific goals and objectives.

Informal group
Is formed when two or more people come
together to accomplish a specific task which is
mainly socially geared.
 On the Basis of Structure

Involuntary groups
Are those which are based on blood relationship or kinship.
Family is an involuntary group.

Voluntary groups
Are those groups the membership of which depends upon the
sweet will of the individuals.

Delegated groups
Are those in which a man joins as a representative or a number of
people elected rather by then or nominated by some authority.
On the Basis of Relation to Society

Gemeinschaft
Is that type of group whose relationship is
characterized by close, intimate and
personalities, mutual trust and co-operation.

Gesellschafts
Is that group which is characterized by
competition, self-interest, efficiency, progress
and specialization of relationship.
Social Relation

 The connection that exist between people

who have recurring interactions that are
perceived by the participants to have personal
meaning.

Example:
 Mother- Daughter
 Husband- Wife
 Teacher- Students
 Employer-Employee
Social Organization

 Pattern of relationship between and among

individuals and social groups.

 The kinship structure of a culture or society

especially as constituted in a stabilized
network of rules of descent and residence.
Types of Social Organization

1. Formal Organization
is a type of group that is deliberately constructed
and whose members are organized to achieve a
specific goal.
Churches, hospital,

2. Informal Organization
Is the social structure of the organization, as
opposed to the formal structure of an organization.
 Basic Elements of Effective Group
Work
 Responsibility
 Reliance
 Relationship
 Respect
 Reflection
ADDITION:
 Positive interdependence
 Individual accountability
 Constructive interaction
 Leadership
The action of leading a group of people on organization.
The ability of an individual or a group of individuals to influence and guide followers or other members of an organization.

Types of Leadership

Authoritarian leadership
Styles allow a leader to improve expectations and define outcomes.

Participative leadership
Styles are rooted in democratic theory. The essence is to involve team members in the decision making
process.

Delegate leadership
Style focuses on delegating initiative to team members.

Transactional leadership
Styles use “transactions” between a leader and his or her follower-reward, punishments and other exchanges-
to get the job done.

Transformational leadership
Styles, the leader inspires his or her followers with a vision and then encourages and empowers them to
achieve it.
 QUALITIES OF LEADER

They are self-aware and prioritize personal

development.
 They focus on developing others.
 They encourage strategic thinking, innovation, and
action.
 They are ethical and civic-minded
 They practice effective cross-cultural
communication.
Thank you..