Grade 12

General Chemistry 2

C HAPTE R 3:

Thermochemistry
Ms. Mea-Ann Oscianas, LPT
Subject Teacher
Learning Objectives:
Explain the first law of thermodynamics.
Explain enthalpy of a reaction.
Calculate the change in enthalpy of a given
reaction using Hess’s Law
 Topic Outline :

1 2 3
THERMOCHEMIST ENTHALPY HESS’S LAW
RY
Thermochemistry
It is the study of the heat
energy which is associated
with chemical reactions
and/or physical
transformations
Chemical reactions can be classified into
2 types:
Endothermic Exothermic
Absorb heat Release of
energy from the energy in the
surroundings form of heat to
the surroundings
Thermochemistry
Involves with quantities of
heat and work.
SI Unit of Energy: Joules (J)
Thermochemistry
Matters involved in the reactions:

SYSTEM- the part of the universe

involved in the study
SURROUNDING- the part of the
universe not involved in the study
 Three Types of Systems in
Thermodynamics:
OPEN CLOSED ISOLATED
SYSTEM SYSTEM
A closed system
SYSTEM
An isolated system
An open system
can exchange can exchange only is one that cannot
both energy and energy with its exchange either
matter with its surroundings, not matter or energy
surroundings. matter. with its
surroundings
 A pot of boiling water is an open system because a burner
supplies energy in the form of heat, and matter in the form of
water vapor is lost as the water boils.
An example of a
closed system is
when we boil
water with a
closed lid, the
heat can
exchange but
matter cannot.
The perfect example of
an isolated system is a
thermos flask.

As the thermos flask is

totally insulated there is
no loss or gain of
energy.
 01
First Law of
Thermodynamics
HEAT, WORK, AND SIGN
CONVENTIONS
 “The first law of
thermodynamics states that
energy cannot be created nor
destroyed but it can be
converted form one form to
another .”
—formulated by Julius Robert Mayer
and James Prescot Joule at about the
same time in the 1840s.
 Light
bulbs
transforms
electrical
energy to
light
energy.
 Plants
convert
sunlight
into
chemical
energy.
Therefore…