UCSP

Understanding Culture, Society and Politics

QUARTER 1 – MODULE 1
Nature and Goals of Anthropology,
Sociology and Political Science
 QUARTER 1 – MODULE 1
Nature and Goals of Anthropology,
Sociology and Political Science
LESSON 1: Articulation of Cultural variation, Social
Differences and Political Identities.
LESSON 2 : Dynamism of Cultural, Social and Political
Change.
LESSON 3 : Intersections, Inquiry and Importance of
Anthropology, Sociology and Political
Sciences.
 After going through this module, you are
expected to:
1.articulate observations on human cultural variation,
social differences, social change, and political
identities;
2. demonstrate curiosity and an openness to explore the
origins and dynamics of culture and society, and
political identities;
3. analyze social, political, and cultural change;
 After going through this module, you are
expected to:
4. recognize the common concerns or intersections of
anthropology, sociology, and political science with
respect to the phenomenon of change; and

5. identify the subjects of inquiry and goals of

Anthropology, Sociology, and Political Science.
 LESSON
Articulation
1 of Cultural variation,
Social Differences and Political
Identities
After the lesson you will be able to articulate
observations on human cultural variation,
social differences, social change, and political
identities.
 DIVERSITY
– not about how we differ.

– is about embracing one

another ’s uniqueness.
 ACTIVITY
1 Complete the missing letters to
INSTRUCTION:
form a word that describe from three
clue words.
1. R__I_ION
pray Bible conviction
 _THN___T
2.

Y radal tribal folk

3. TR_DI___
_belief culture conventional
 _AT___ALI_
4.

Y citizenship nation race

5. CU_T_R
_ art way of life heritage
 QUESTION
What makes us different?
Why do we have to understand our
differences?
 QUESTION
Do you believe that people who are
differently abled and underpreviledged are still
able to contribute to society? Explain your
answer.
CULTURAL
VARIATIONS
Refers to the differences in social
behaviors that different cultures exhibit
around the world.
 TYPES OF
CULTURAL
VARIATIONS
1. RELIGION
2. ETHNICITY
3. NATIONALIT
 RELIGION
It is a system of beliefs and practices as
well as systems of actions directed toward
entities which are above man.

It is an organized system of ideas about the

spiritual sphere or the supernatural.
 ETHNICIT
It is the Y
expression of the art of cultural
ideas held by a distinct ethics or
indigenous group.
 NATIONALITY
Is the legal relationship that bands a person and
a country.

It allows the state toprotect and have

jurisdiction over a person.
SOCIAL
DIFFERENCES
Are the differences among the individuals on
the basis of social characteristics and
qualities.
 TYPES OF
SOCIAL
DIFFERENCES
1. GENDER
2. SOCIO-ECONOMIC
STATUS
 GENDER
Is the socially - constructed characteristics of
being male or female.

It serves us guide on how males and

females think and act about themselves.
SOCIO-ECONOMIC
STATUS
Refers to the category of persons
who have
more or less the same socio- economic
priviledges.

These are Upper Class, Middle Class and

Lower Class.
 EXCEPTIONALIT
Y
Refers to the state of being intellectually
gifted and / or having physically or
mentally challenged conditions.
EXAMPLES OF
EXCEPTIONALITY
a. Personality/ behavior
b. Communication disability,
(learning speech hearing
impairment & problems)
c. Intellect (mild & mental
intellectual development
EXAMPLES OF
EXCEPTIONALITY
d. Physical appearance (blind – low vision)

e. Or a condition of more than one specific

exceptionality/ disability.
 VARIATIONS
WITHIN
CULTURES
1. SUBCULTURE
2. COUNTER CULTURE
3. HIGH / POPULAR
 SUBCULTUR
E
Is a segment of society which shares a
distinctive pattern of mores, folkways, and
values which differ from the pattern of
larger society.
These are groups that have specific
cultural traits that set them apart from the
dominant culture.
 COUNTER
Is aCULTURE
group whose values and norms place it at
odds with mainstream society or a group
that actively rejects dominant cultural
values and norms.
 COUNTER
In most Western countries, the 1960s saw the rise
of CULTURE
different countercultural groups and social
movements that sought to dismantle the different
inequalities that were then part of the dominant
culture, such as racism (Civil Rights
movement), sexism (modern Feminist
movement) and homophobia (Gay rights
movement).
 HIGH
Is a CULTURE
term now used in a number of
different ways in academic discourse most
common meaning is the set of cultural
products, mainly in the arts, held in the
highest esteem by a culture.
 POPULAR
Is a CULTURE
culture based on the tastes of ordinary
people rather than an educated elite.
 POLITICAL
Is IDENTITY
almost always associated with a group
affiliation and describes the ways in which
being a member of a particular group
might express specific political opinions and
attitudes.
TYPES OF POLITICAL
IDENTITY
1. PARTISAN POLITICS
2. RACE & IDENTITY
3. CLASS & IDENTITY
4. COLONIALISM &
 PARTISAN POLITICS
Refers to a specific political party affiliation or
partisan identity.
 ACTIVITY
2 Provide examples
INSTRUCTION: of each
cultural variation that you can observe in
your community.
A.Subculture:
1.

2.

B. Counter Culture:
3.

4.
A.Subculture:
1. Hippies
2. Goths
Heavy metals
B_iker gangs

_ Hiphop

B. Counter Culture:
C. High Culture/ Popular Culture:
5. Popular music

6. Attend art exhibit

Cyber culture

Appreciation of opera; gourmet;

 SUMMARY
Cultural variations refer to the differences in
social behaviors that different
cultures exhibit around the world.
These are religion, ethnicity, and
nationality.
 SUMMAR
Y
Social differences are the differences
among the individuals on the basis of
social characteristics and
qualities. These are gender, socio-
economic status, and exceptionality.
 SUMMAR
• Variation Y
within cultures is segmented
into subcultures, counter culture, high
culture, and popular culture.
 SUMMAR
Political Y is almost always
identity associated
with a group affiliation and describes the
ways in which being a member of
a particular group might express
specific politicalopinions and
attitudes.
 QUESTION
1. How does the COVID-19 pandemic
affect the socio-economic status of your
family?

2. What does political identity mean to you?

 POST
Instruction: Choose the best answer from the
TEST
words inside the box.
cultural variation gender
social differences nationality
counter culture exceptionality
subculture ethnicity
socio-economic religion
 1. It refers to the differences among the
individuals on the basis of social
characteristics and qualities.
2. It is a system of beliefs and practices as well
as systems of actions directed toward entities
which are above men.

3. It is the expression of the set of cultural

ideas held by a distinct ethics or indigenous
group.
 4. It is the legal relationship that binds a person
and a country.
5. It refers to the category of persons who
have more or less the same Socio- economic
privileges.
6. It refers to the state of being
intellectually gifted and/ or having physically or
mentally challenged conditions.
 7. It is a segment of society which shares
a distinctive pattern of mores, folkways,
and values which differ from the pattern of
larger society.

8. It is a group whose values and norms

place it at odds with mainstream society or
a group that actively rejects dominant cultural
values and norms.
 9. It serves asa guide on howmales and
females think and act about themselves.

10. It refers to the differences in social

behaviors that different cultures exhibit
around the world.
 POST
TEST
CORRECT
ANSWERS
 SOCIA
L
DIFFERENCES1. It refers to the differences among the
individuals on the basis of social
characteristics and qualities.
RELIGION 2. It is a system of beliefs and practices as

well as systems of actions directed toward entities

which are above men.

ETHNICITY3. It is the expression of the set of

cultural ideas held by a distinct ethics or
indigenous group.
 NATIONALITY 4. It is the legal relationship that binds
a person and a country.
SOCIO-
5. It refers to the category of persons
ECONOMIC S TAT U S

who have more or less the same Socio-

economic privileges.

EXCEPTIONALIT6 It refers to the state of being

intellectually gifted and/ or having physically or
Y. mentally challenged conditions.
 7. It is a segment of society which
SUBCULTURE

shares a distinctive pattern of mores,

folkways, and values which differ from the
pattern of larger society.
COUNTE
R 8. It is a group whose values and
CU L TU RE
n o rm s place it at odds with
mainstream society or a group that actively
rejects dominant cultural values and norms.
 GENDER9. It serves asa guide on howmales and
females think and act about themselves.

CULTURAL
10. It refers to the differences in social
VARIATIONS

behaviors that different cultures exhibit

around the world.
 ADDITIONAL
ACTIVITES
Expound by reflecting
Question: Should “gender identity” be added to
anti-discrimination laws?
Explain.
 LESSON 2
Dynamism of Cultural, Social, and
Political Change
After the lesson you will be able to cite and
analyze the social, cultural, and political
change.
 ACTIVITY
1
INSTRUCTION: Compare the culture of
Philippines and the USA in terms of
the
the
language, religion, costume, and arts by
using the chart below.
CULTURE PHILIPPINES USA
LANGUAGE
RELIGION
COSTUME
ARTS
 ACTIVITY
2
INSTRUCTION: Identify at least ten social,
cultural, and political change in your
country in the past century.
 ACTIVITY
3 contributions of the following
INSTRUCTION: Complete the table by giving the
significant
administrations to the different sectors of the
country.
SECTOR ESTRADA ARROYO AQUINO DUTERTE
ADMINISTRATIO ADMINISTRATIO ADMINISTRATIO ADMINISTRATIO
N N N N
EDUCATION
HEALTH
AGRICULTURE
JUSTICE
LABOR &
EMPLOYMEN
 QUESTION
How does innovation become an agent of
social change in the context of the
Philippine society at present?
 Organizations differ from one
another for three reasons:
1. interaction isolates and differentiates them;

2. their histories are unique; and

3. the problems with which their social patterns
must deal are different and this influences what
patterns are in turn developed.
 ANTHROPOLOG
Y
Is the study of humans and human behavior and
societies in the past and present. It is a wide-
ranging, including, fossil remains, non- human
primate anatomy and behavior, artifacts from
past cultures, past and present languages, and
all the prehistoric and contemporary cultures of
the world.
 SOCIOLOG
Is the
social
Y
scientific study of society, patterns of
relationships, social interaction, and
culture. It is the systematic interpretation of
codes and conducts in the form of language,
symbols, face expressions, dress, food, music etc.
used by people in society.
The Birth of Social Sciences as a Response to the
Social Turmoil of the Modern Period:
SOCIOLOGY :
Auguste Comte, was a French philosopher. He was
a founder of the discipline of sociology and of
the doctrine of positivism. He is sometimes
regarded as the first philosopher of science in the
modern sense of the term.
Harriet Martineau, is a self-taught expert in
political economic theory, and wrote prolifically
about the relations between politics, economics,
morals, and social life throughout her career. Her
intellectual work was centered by a staunchly
moral perspective that stemmed from her
Unitarian faith. She was fiercely critical of the
inequality and injustice faced by girls and
women, slaves, wage slaves, and the working.
Karl Marx, a philosopher, social scientist,
historian and revolutionary, Karl Marx, is
without a doubt the most influential socialist
thinker to emerge in the 19th century. The
Father of Modern Socialism, communism and
conflict theory.
Emile Durkleim was a French sociologist, social
psychologist and philosopher. He formally
established the academic discipline and with Karl
Marx and Max Weber, is commonly cited as the
principal architect of modern social science and
father of sociology.
Max Weber was a German sociologist,
philosopher, jurist, and political economist
whose ideas profoundly influenced social
theory and social research.
ANTHROPOLOGY
:
Franz Boas was a German- American
anthropologist and a pioneer of modern
anthropology who has been called the "Father
of American Anthropology” His work is
associated with the movement of
anthropological historicism.
Bronislaw Malinowski was a Polish
anthropologist,oneof the most important
20th-century anthropologists. He has also
been referred to as a sociologist and
ethnographer. He is considered the father of
ethnographic methodology by most field
working anthropologist because of his ideas on
participant observation.
Alfred Reginald Radcliffe Brown was an English
social anthropologist who developed the
theory of structural functionalism and
coadaptation.
POLITICAL SCIENCE
:
Walter Lippmann was an American writer,
reporter, and political commentator famous for being
among the first to introduce the concept of Cold
War, coining the term "stereotype" in the modern
psychological meaning, and critiquing media
and democracy in his newspaper column and
several books.
 SOCIAL CHANGE
Refers to an alteration of mechanism within the
social structure, characterized by changes in
cultural symbols, rules of behavior, social
organizations, or value systems.
 CULTURAL
CHANGE
Is the modification ofa society through
innovation, invention, discovery, or contact
with other societies.
 POLICAL
CHANGE
Refers to a subject matter that is in constant flux.
It deals not only with the major processes of
growth, decay and breakdown but also with a
ceaseless ferment of adaptation and
adjustment of political systems. It highlights the
magnitude and variety of the changes that occurred
in the world’s political systems.
 ACTIVITY
4
COMPLETE THE NAME

INSTRUCTION: Complete the names of these

famous philosophers/ sociologists who
made great contributions in the Birth of
Social Sciences. Write your answers on a
separate sheet of paper.
 K R A X
1. He is the Father of Modern Socialism,
communism and Conflict Theory.

M W B R
2. His ideas profoundly influenced social theory and
social research.
 R Z O S
3. He is called the "Father of American
Anthropology”

A U T E C O
4. He was a founder of the discipline of sociology and
of the doctrine of positivism.
W A R L P M N
5. He was first to introduce the concept of Cold War,
coining the term "stereotype" in the modern
psychological meaning, and critiquing
media.
ACTIVITY
4
COMPLETE THE
NAME ANSWER KEY
 K A R L M A R X
1. He is the Father of Modern Socialism,
communism and Conflict Theory.

M A X W E B E R
2. His ideas profoundly influenced social theory and
social research.
 F R A N Z B O A S
3. He is called the "Father of American
Anthropology”

A U G U S T E C O M T E
4. He was a founder of the discipline of sociology and
of the doctrine of positivism.
W A L T E R L I P P M A N

5. He was first to introduce the concept of Cold War,

coining the term "stereotype" in the modern
psychological meaning, and critiquing
media.
 SUMMAR
OrganizationsYdiffer from one another for
three reasons: interaction isolates and
differentiates them, their histories are
unique, and the problems with which their
social patterns must deal are different and this
influences what patterns are in turn
developed.
 SUMMAR
The Birth ofYSocial Sciences as a Response to
the Social Turmoil of the Modern Period such
as Auguste Comte, Harriet Martineau, Karl
Marx, Emile Durkleim, Max Weber, Franz
Boas, Bronislaw Malinowski, Alfred Reginald
Radcliffe Brown, and Walter Lippmann.
 SUMMARY
Social change refersto an alteration of
mechanism within the social structure,
characterized by changes in cultural
symbols, rules of behavior, social
organizations, or value systems.
 SUMMARY
Cultural Change is the modification of a
society through innovation, invention,
discovery, or contact with other societies.
 SUMMAR
Y highlights the magnitude and
Political change
variety of the changes that occurred in the
world’s political systems.
 SUMMAR
Sources/
Y
Agents of Change are
innovation, action of leaders, and Social
Conflicts.
 ADDITIONAL
Expound by reflecting
ACTIVITES
Question: Explain why openness to accept the
dynamism of each country’s culture, society,
and politics connect us to our very own history
as people with a distinct set of challenges we
are called to reflect, confront and
address?
 POST TEST
A. Instruction: Match the concepts in Column A
to the words in Colum B. Write the letter
of the correct answer on your Answer
Sheet.
 COLUMN A COLUMN B
1. Father of American A. Auguste Comte
Anthropology
2. Social theory B. Karl Marx
3. Conflict theory C. Franz Boas
4. Social interaction D. Max Weber
5. Doctrine of positivism E. Anthropology
6. Father of ethnographic F. Harriet Martineau
methodology
7. Concept of Cold War G. Walter Lippmann
8. Political economic theory H. Bronislaw Malinowski
9. Theory of structural I. Sociology
functionalism
10. Human behavior J. Alfred Reginald Brown
B. Instruction: Name the three agents of
cultural, sociology, and political
change. Provide descriptions for each
agent.
POST
TEST
ANSWER KEY
 COLUMN A COLUMN B
C Father of American A. Auguste Comte
Anthropology
1.
2. Social theory B. Karl Marx
B
D 3. Conflict theory C. Franz Boas
Social interaction D. Max Weber
I
A 4.
5.
Doctrine of positivism Father E. Anthropology
H 6. of ethnographic F. Harriet Martineau
methodology Concept
G 7. of Cold War G. Walter Lippmann
F 8. Political economic theory H. Bronislaw Malinowski
J 9. Theory of structural I. Sociology
functionalism
J. Alfred Reginald Brown
E 10. Human behavior
B. Instruction: Name the three agents of
cultural, sociology, and political
change. Provide descriptions for each
agent.
1. Innovation
2. Action of leaders
3. Social Conflicts
B. Instruction: Name the three agents of
cultural, sociology, and political
change. Provide descriptions for each
agent.

1. Innovation – is a social creation and

institutionalization of new ideas.
2. Action of leaders – A leader is someone
who has the power to influence others or who
is in charge or in command of a social
situation.

3. Social Conflicts – is defined as the

struggles for agency or power in society.
ADDITIONAL
ACTIVITES
Question: How does “conflict” as an agent of
social change relate with the
Proclamation of Martial Law in
Mindanao by President
Rodrigo Roa Duterte?
 LESSON 3
Intersections, Inquiry and Importance of
Anthropology, Sociology and Political
Sciences.
After the lesson you will be able to focus on
more detailed descriptions of these important social
sciences particularly on each subject’s inquiry
and importance.
 QUESTION
Expound by reflecting

Describe your experiences in the current

COVID-19 pandemic. Explain how it affects
the culture in your family and community.
You may draw or make an essay.
 ACTIVITY 1
INSTRUCTION: Search at least two articles
about common problems or issues of
anthropology, sociology and political
science in the Philippines. Then make a
reflection paper from the gathered
articles.
 SOCIAL SCIENCE
Is a division of science that deal with the
functions and structure of human society, as
well as the interpersonal relationship of
individuals as members of society.
THREE BRANCHES
OF SOCIAL
SCIENCE
1. ANTHROPOLOGY
2. SOCIOLOGY
3. POLITICAL
 EMPIRICAL
Is a PROOF
rational proof laid the foundation for
modern science, the idea of thinking
developed into a proof.
RATIONAL
PROOF
 ANTHROPOLOGY
Is the scientific study of the origins of
humans, how we have changed over the
years, and how we relate to each other, both
within our own culture and with people
from other cultures.
 ANTHROPOLOG
Y
Anthropos is the Greek word for “human
being” and the suffix –logos means “the
study of” .
 SOCIOLOGY
Is the scientific study of society. Sociology is
derived from the Latin word socius which
means “associate or companion” and the
Greek word logos which means “the study
of” .
 POLITICAL SCIENCE
Is the systematic study of the state,
government and politics.
 POLITICAL
The SCIENCE
word politics is derived from the Greek
word polis which means “city-state” or
what today would be equivalent to
sovereign state. The word “science” comes
from the Latin word scire which means “to
know” .
 ACTIVITY
2 Differentiate empirical
INSTRUCTION: proof
from rational proof, and cite an
example for each.
 SUMMARY
Sociology is the scientific study of society. It
seek to provide an analysis of human
society and culture with a sociological
perspective.
 SUMMARY
Anthropology is the scientific study of the
origins of humans, how we have changed over
the years, and how we relate to each other,
both within our own culture and with people
from other cultures.
 SUMMARY
Political science is one important branch of
social science and its concern is with the
political behavior of individuals, groups of
individuals, agencies, institutions and
organizations, among others.
 QUESTION
Expound by reflecting

Instructions: Search a specific article about

social problem, and reflect on how
social sciences can contribute in
solving problems in society?
Explain.
 POST TEST
A. Instruction: Write TRUE if the statement is
correct and FALSE if the statement is
incorrect. Write your answers on a
separate sheet of paper.
 1. All three social sciences are
disciplines which are important to the study of
society because it encourages care and
objectivity.
2. Philosophers and Mathematicians rely heavily
on rational proof.
3. Max Weber describes science as “value-
free” investigation.
 4. Sociology is the systematic and
scientific study of the human social life.

5. Political Science is a science of politics

and politics as a governmental
determination of who gets what, when and how.
POST
TEST
ANSWER KEY
 TRUE All three social sciences are
1.
disciplines which are important to the study of
society because it encourages care and
objectivity.
TRUE 2. Philosophers and Mathematicians rely
heavily on rational proof.
TRUE 3. Max Weber describes science as
“value-free” investigation.
 TRUE 4. Sociology is the systematic and
scientific study of the human social life.

TRUE 5. Political Science is a science of

politics and politics as a governmental
determination of who gets what, when and how.
ADDITIONAL
ACTIVITES
Question 1 : Why is total objectivity
impossible to achieve?
Question 2 : Explain the social world today
under the new political
culture in the administration of
President Rodrigo Roa
Duterte.