Discussion CH 2

Third Edition
MECHANICS OF
2
CHAPTER
MATERIALS
Ferdinand P. Beer
E. Russell Johnston, Jr.
John T. DeWolf
Discussion
Lecture Notes:
J. Walt Oler
Texas Tech University
© 2002 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.

MECHANICS OF MATERIALS
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Beer • Johnston • DeWolf
© 2002 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. 1-2

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Example 1: The assembly shown in Fig. consists of an aluminum tube

AB having a cross-sectional area of 400 mm2. A steel rod having a
diameter of 10 mm is attached to a rigid collar and passes through the
tube. If a tensile load of 80 kN is applied to the rod, determine the
displacement of the end C of the rod. Take Est = 200 GPa, Eal = 70
GPa.
We will first determine the displacement of C with respect to

B. Working in units of newtons and meters, we have

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The positive sign indicates that C moves to the right relative to B, since the bar
elongates.
The displacement of B with respect to the fixed end A is
Since both displacements are to the right, the displacement of C

relative to the fixed end A is therefore

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Example 2: The aluminum post shown in Fig. is reinforced with a

brass core. If this assembly supports an axial compressive load of P =
9 kip, applied to the rigid cap, determine the average normal stress in
the aluminum and the brass. Take Eal = 10(103) ksi and Ebr =
15(103) ksi.

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Example 3: The three A992 steel bars shown in Fig. are pin connected
to a rigid member. If the applied load on the member is 15 kN,
determine the force developed in each bar. Bars AB and EF each have
a cross-sectional area of 50 mm2, and bar CD has a cross-sectional
area of 30 mm2.

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Example 4: The A-36 steel rod shown in Fig. has a diameter of 10

mm. It is fixed to the wall at A, and before it is loaded there is a gap
between the wall and the rod of 0.2 mm. Determine the reactions at A
and B. Neglect the size of the collar at C. Take Est = 200 GPa.

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© 2002 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. 1 - 10

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Example 5: The rigid beam shown in Fig. is fixed to the top of the
three posts made of A992 steel and 2014-T6 aluminum. The posts
each have a length of 250 mm when no load is applied to the beam,
and the temperature is T1 = 20C. Determine the force supported by
each post if the bar is subjected to a uniform distributed load of 150
kN>m and the temperature is raised to T2 = 80C.

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Example 6: A 2014-T6 aluminum tube having a cross-sectional area

of 600 mm2 is used as a sleeve for an A-36 steel bolt having a cross-
sectional area of 400 mm2, Fig.. When the temperature is T1 = 15C,
the nut holds the assembly in a snug position such that the axial force
in the bolt is negligible. If the temperature increases to T2 = 80C,
determine the force in the bolt and sleeve.

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Example 7: The bar in Fig. 4–28a is made of steel that is assumed to

be elastic perfectly plastic, with σy = 250 MPa. Determine (a) the
maximum value of the applied load N that can be applied without
causing the steel to yield and (b) the maximum value of N that the bar
can support. Sketch the stress distribution at the critical section for
each case.
From the figure K ≈1.75. The maximum load, without causing

yielding, occurs when σmax = σy. The average normal stress is σavg =
N/A.

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Example 8: The 1.5-m concrete post is reinforced with six steel bars,
each with a 28-mm diameter. Knowing that Es = 200 GPa and Ec = 25
GPa, determine the normal stresses in the steel and in the concrete
when a 1550-kN axial centric force P is applied to the post.

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Pin Shearing Stresses

At = ((π*0.45^2)/4) = 0.1590 m^2
As = (6(π*0.028^2)/4) = 0.0037 m^2
Ac = 0.159 – 0.0037 = 0.1553 m^2
s = s
(Ps * L)/(As*Es) = (Pc * L)/(Ac*Ec)
(Ps)/(200*10^9*.0037) = (Pc)/(25*10^9*0.1553)
3.88 Ps = 0.74 Pc
Ps + Pc = 1550 KN
Ps = 248.5 KN and Pc = 1301.5 KN
σs = 67.0 MPa and σc = = 8.4 MPa

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Example 9: The brass shell (αb = 11.6 x10^-6/F) is fully bonded to the
steel core (αs = 6.5 x10^-6/F). Determine the largest allowable
increase in temperature if the stress in the steel core is not to exceed 8
ksi.

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As = 1*1 = 1.0 in^2

Ab = 1.5*1.5 – 1.0 = 1.25 in^2
Both steel and brass bonded together so both will be elongate, because
of the deference of thermal coefficient, an axial force will be generate
in both equal in magnitude and opposite in direction.
Ps = - Pb
s = ((Ps*L)/(Es*As)) + αs*L*ΔT
b = ((-Ps*L)/(Eb*As)) + αb*L*ΔT
s = s
((Ps*L)/(Es*As)) + αs*L*ΔT = ((-Ps*L)/(Eb*As)) + αb*L*ΔT
((1/(Es*As)) + 1/(Eb*As)) *Ps = (αb - αs )*ΔT
αb – αs = 5.1*10^-6
Ps = σs *As = 8000*1.0 = 8000 Ib
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((1/(Es*As)) + 1/(Eb*As)) *Ps = (αb - αs )*ΔT
((1/(29*10^6*1))+ (1/(29*10^6*1))) * 8000 = 5.1*10^-6*ΔT
ΔT = 137.8 F

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Third Edition

© 2002 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.

© 2002 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. 1-2

Example 1: The assembly shown in Fig. consists of an aluminum tube

We will first determine the displacement of C with respect to

© 2002 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. 1-3

Since both displacements are to the right, the displacement of C

© 2002 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. 1-4

Example 2: The aluminum post shown in Fig. is reinforced with a

© 2002 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. 1-5

© 2002 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. 1-6

© 2002 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. 1-7

© 2002 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. 1-8

Example 4: The A-36 steel rod shown in Fig. has a diameter of 10

© 2002 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. 1-9

© 2002 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. 1 - 10

© 2002 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. 1 - 11

© 2002 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. 1 - 12

Example 6: A 2014-T6 aluminum tube having a cross-sectional area

© 2002 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. 1 - 13

© 2002 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. 1 - 14

Example 7: The bar in Fig. 4–28a is made of steel that is assumed to

From the figure K ≈1.75. The maximum load, without causing

© 2002 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. 1 - 15

© 2002 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. 1 - 16

© 2002 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. 1 - 17

Pin Shearing Stresses

(Ps * L)/(As*Es) = (Pc * L)/(Ac*Ec)

σs = 67.0 MPa and σc = = 8.4 MPa

© 2002 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. 1 - 19

As = 1*1 = 1.0 in^2

((1/(Es*As)) + 1/(Eb*As)) *Ps = (αb - αs )*ΔT

((1/(29*10^6*1))+ (1/(29*10^6*1))) * 8000 = 5.1*10^-6*ΔT

© 2002 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. 1 - 21

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(Ps * L)/(AsEs) = (Pc L)/(Ac*Ec)

((1/(EsAs)) + 1/(EbAs)) Ps = (αb - αs )ΔT

((1/(2910^61))+ (1/(2910^61))) * 8000 = 5.110^-6ΔT