Basic Concepts of

Probability
1. TO GOD, NOTHING IS _________.
2. NOW IS YOUR ____________ TO CHANGE FOR THE BETTER.
3. I’M ___________ THAT YOU CAN DO BETTER THAN WHAT IS
EXPECTED OF YOU.
4. GIVEN THE CHANCE TO WIN IN THE MATH CONTEST, I PREFER THE
____________.
5. YOU AND I HAVE ___________ CHANCE TO SUCCEED IN LIFE.
1. How many shirts are there? ____
2. How many pairs of short pants are there? _____2
3. How many pairs of long pants are there? _____2
4. How many different outfits can you choose? _____8
5. . If you are going to attend the mass with your family,
how many possible outfits could you choose from?
How did you arrive at your answer? _____
4
Sides of
a Die 1 2 3 4 5 6

1 1, 1 2, 1 3, 1 4, 1 5, 1 6, 1
2 3, 2 4, 2 5, 2 6, 2
1, 2 2, 2
3 1, 3 2, 3 3, 3 4, 3 5, 3 6, 3
4 1, 4 2, 4 3, 4 4, 4 5, 4 6, 4
5 1, 5 2, 5 3, 5 4, 5 5, 5 6, 5
6 1, 6 2, 6 3, 6 4, 6 5, 6 6, 6
Probability is the chance that something will happen.
Events cannot be predicted with total certainty. We can say,
“How likely they are to happen.”

A probability Experiment is a chance process that leads to a

well-defined result called an outcome.

Examples: Flipping a coin

Rolling a die
 Outcome is the result of a single trial of an experiment.
Experiment Outcome
Flipping a Coin Head (H)/Tail (T)
Rolling a Die 1/2/3/4/5

Sample space is the set of all the possible outcomes or sample points.

Sample point is just one of the possible outcomes.

“Queen” is not a sample point because four Queens are four different
sample points in a deck of cards.
Event is any set of one or more outcomes satisfying some given
conditions.
Examples: a. Getting a TTT when flipping a coin thrice
b. Choosing a “Queen” from a deck of cards (any of the 4 Queens)
c. Getting an “odd number” (1, 3, or 5) when rolling a die
Use the basic concepts of probability to identify the following. Write each
answer on the illustration board.
1.
2. 2. Tail
3. 50%
4. Right, Wrong
5. KING of Spades
6. Rolling an odd number (1, 3 or 5)
7. Flipping a 10-peso coin five times
8. Getting a head in a single toss of coin
9. The chance that something will happen
10. The result of a single trial of an experiment
11. Tossing a coin and rolling a die simultaneously
12 Set of all possible outcomes of an experiment
13. Guessing the number of marbles in a container
14. Choosing an ACE from a deck of standard cards
15. A chance process which leads to well –defined results
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