Lesson 1: Introduction

and Research Titling

(Part 2)
 A research title, also known as a
research topic or question, is a concise
and descriptive phrase that outlines a
Research research study's main focus or subject.
It serves as the first and often the most
Title important element in defining the
scope and purpose of the research. A
(Continued) well-crafted research title should
provide readers with a clear idea of the
research and what specific aspects of
the subject will be explored.
 Clear and Specific: The title should
be clear and specific enough to convey
the main theme or topic of the
Characteristic research.

s of a Good Relevant: It should be relevant to the

field of study and aligned with the
Research Title research objectives.
Concise: A good research title is
usually concise and to the point,
avoiding unnecessary words or jargon.
 Informative: It should give readers a
sense of what to expect in the research
without going into too much detail.
Engaging: A well-crafted title can
Characteristic capture the reader's interest and
curiosity, making them want to learn
s of a Good more.
No Ambiguity: Avoid ambiguity or
Research Title vague wording that might confuse the
reader.
Reflective: The title should accurately
reflect the content and scope of the
research.
 The American Psychological
Association (APA) provides specific
guidelines for formatting research titles.
Here are the key APA guidelines for
research titles:
Research Conciseness: Keep the title concise and
Titling focused. It should be no more than 12
words in length.
Guidelines Clarity: Ensure the title clearly conveys
the main topic of the research. Avoid
Abbreviations: Generally, avoid using
abbreviations or acronyms in the title
unless they are widely recognized (e.g.,
NASA).
 Use Title Case: Capitalize the first letter
of the first word, the first letter of proper
nouns, and the first letter of major words
Research in the title. Do not use all caps.

Titling No Italics or Underlining: In the title, do

not use italics or underline formatting.
Guidelines Include Key Variables: If relevant,
include the key independent and
dependent variables in the title. This helps
readers understand the focus of the study.
Independent In research titles, the dependent
and and independent variables are
essential components that provide
Dependent clarity about what the study is
Variable in investigating and how it aims to
understand relationships or effects.
Research Here's an explanation of these
Titling variables and an example:
 1. Independent Variable:
The independent variable is the factor
or condition that researchers
Independent manipulate or vary in an experiment to
observe its effect on another variable.
and It is often considered the 'cause' or the
Dependent factor being tested to see if it has an
impact on the dependent variable.
Variable in Example: Let's say you're conducting
research to examine the impact of
Research different study techniques on exam
Titling scores. In this case, the independent
variable would be the 'study technique'
because you're manipulating or varying
the methods students use to study.
 2. Dependent Variable: The
dependent variable is the outcome
Dependent or response that researchers
measure or observe to assess the
Variable in effect of the independent variable.
Research It is often considered the 'effect' or
the variable that researchers want to
Titling understand or explain based on
changes in the independent
variable.
 Example: Continuing with the
Dependent study on study techniques and
exam scores, the dependent
Variable in variable would be the 'exam
Research scores' because this is what you're
measuring to see how it changes
Titling based on the different study
techniques (independent variable).
 Find the dependent and
independent variable:
'Effect of Study Techniques on
Dependent Exam Scores Among Abu Dhabi
University Students'.
Variable in
Research In this research title, the independent
variable is 'study techniques' because
Titling you're interested in how different study
methods impact something.
The dependent variable is 'exam scores'
because it's the outcome you're
measuring to understand the effect of the
independent variable.
 1. Correct Example: 'The Impact
of Technology Adoption on
Employee Productivity in UAE
Examples of Organizations’.

Research This title is concise (10 words),

Titles clear, and includes key variables
(technology adoption and
employee productivity).
 2. Correct Example: 'A
Qualitative Study of UAE
Students' Perceptions of Online
Learning During the COVID-19
Examples of Pandemic’.
Research
Titles This title is concise (12 words),
clear, and includes the main focus
(perceptions of online learning)
and the context (COVID-19
pandemic)..
 3. Incorrect Example: 'A Study
on How Employees in Abu Dhabi
University Use Modern
Technological Tools to Enhance
Examples of Teaching Efficiency and Student
Research Engagement, With a Focus on
Blackboard Learn’.
Titles
This title is too long and contains
unnecessary details. It should be
shortened and made more concise.
 4. Incorrect Example: 'Exploring the
Implications of High-Tech
Advancements for the Future of UAE's
Examples of Education Sector: A Comprehensive
Analysis of the Integration of AI, Big
Research Data, and Virtual Reality in Teaching
and Learning Environments’.
Titles
This title is too long (22 words) and
could be simplified to focus on the core
topic.