C as e

tu d y
s
Nervous System
 Objectives of the lesson
At the end of this lesson you will be able to know;
 How our daily activities controlled by our nervous

system?
 Parts of brain and their function.

 How our feelings and emotions generated during

pleasure & depression.

 To Understand that how sound sensation,

processing and response occur through your ears.

 Do you
know?
The Nervous system is our window on the world
Critical Thinking

 Didyou feel touch, heat, sound, smell,

taste, fear, happiness, emotions?
 The Nervous system
Introduction
The nervous system collects information
about the internal and external
environment, process that information and
respond to it.
The building blocks of nervous system are neuron.
 Mind mapping Somatic
Brain nervous

CNS
Nervous PNS
system

Spinal Autonomic
cord nervous
1) CNS (central nervous system)

 CNS consist of brain and spinal cord.

 Brain is the central command organ of the

body.
 Spinal cord allows your brain to communicate

with the rest of your body.

Structure of spinal cord
 Assessment
 The main function of Nervous system is:
vironm
ent
l en
Externa

1. Collect ___________ Intern

al env
ironm
en t

2. ________ that information CNS

3. Fore brain is the part of

A:PNS
B:CNS
Peripheral Nervous system
 It consist of two sub-system
(1) Somatic nervous system.
 This is attached with the skeletal muscles
which controls conscious activities of body.
(2)Autonomic nervous system
 This system of nerves that connect the CNS
to the visceral organs such as the heart,
stomach, and intestines. It mediates
unconscious activities.
Autonomic nervous system
 Sympathetic Nervous system: sympathetic
nervous system is best known for its role in
responding to dangerous or stressful
situations.
 Parasympathetic nervous system: is a

network of nerves that relaxes your body

after periods of stress or danger.
 What type of response generated by your
body if a dog barks at you?
A: sympathetic
B: parasympathetic
Neuron:
 A neuron is a cell that moves messages in the
form of fast-moving electrical energy called
impulses.
1. Sensory neuron: carry
Impulse from receptor to CNS.
2. Interneuron: process information
Present in CNS.
3. Motor neuron: carry response
From CNS to muscles, glands etc.
Structure of Neuron:
What are the main senses?
1. Sight:
Eye is the organ for sight. Front of eye is
covered by a clear membrane called cornea. Light
from an object passes through an opening called
pupil. After that light hits the eye's lens. Eye
muscles change the shape of the lens to focus light
on the retina.
The nerve for eye sight is called optic nerve.
2. Touch:
When someone put pressure on
your shoulder these impulse travels to brain which
creates an awareness called sensation.
Touch mechanism
 Hearing:
 Sound from the outer ear passes to middle ear

where ear drum is present which is a thin

membrane separating the outer ear from middle
ear.
 The vibrating ear drum causes the three tiny

bones in the ear to vibrate against cochlea (a

fluid filled organ of the inner air ).
 Sensory receptors called hair cells move about in

the fluid which produces an electric impulse that

is passed to the brain through auditory nerve.
Taste:
 Tongue contains taste buds which consist of
clusters of taste cells. These cells react to five
basic tastes; sweet, sour, salty, bitter and
savory.
 Smell:
Receptors for smell are located in
the upper nasal cavity.
These sensory cells are called olfactory cells
which reacts with the chemicals in the air.