U R B A N I S AT I O N I N

CHINA

Team 1
 CONTENTS

1 In tr o d u c e to C h i n a
2 The urbanisation process

B e n e fits a n d n e g a tiv e
3 T h e ‘p u l l’ fa c to r s o f C h i n a
4 e ffe c ts

5 So lu tio n s
01
01 Introduce to China
 Population growth
rate from 2005-2020

China is a country with a large population

• With an area of 9.596.961 km², China is the 4 th largest country by land area in the world
• As of December 2021, China’s population is 1.446.353.560, accounting for 18,27% of the world’s
population
• In 2021,China’s gross domestic product (GDP) grew 8,1% to $17,7 trillion, according to data from
China’s Bureau of Statistic.
02 The urbanisation
process
 The urbanization process can
be divided into 4 periods
1. The period 1950-1980

• The period of 1950-1960 was a period of healthy urbanization. The urbanization rate increased
rapidly, from 10,67% in 1949 to 19,7% in 1960

• The period of 1961-1980 was an abnormal period. The urbanization rate dropped and
fluactuated between 17-18% in 10 years from 1966 to 1976, it took until 1980 almost recover to
the old level, reaching 19,39%

2. The period 1980-1995

• In1978, China drastically changed its development policies and strategies. By 1984, the role of
cities began tobe emphasized. As a result, the proportion of the service sector in the national
GDP increased from 24,5% in 1985 to 34,3% in1992.
 T h e u rb a n i z a t io n p ro c e s s c a n
b e d i v i d e d i n to 4 p e ri o d s

3. The period 1995-2014

• Economic and social reforms were vigorously implemented. The goverment actively promotes
urbanization, shifting its strategy from “actively developing small towns” to “step by step”
promoting the urbanization process”

• Thanks to the policies of the Chinese government, the urbanization rate has increased from
29,04% in 1995 to 53,7%in 2013

4. The current period continues the above three periods

• China’s 14th Five-Year Plan for 2021-2025 has set target of an urbanization rate of 65%.

• This rate exceeded 60% by the end of 2020

03 The ‘pull’ factors of China

• S h a n g h a i To w e r ( S h a n g h a i C i t y ) i s 6 3 2 m
high and has 133 floors, the tallest tower
in China and the second tallest in the
world.
• China's major cities are typical for urbanization: Beijing,
Shanghai, Shenzhen, Tianjin, Guangzhou...
• People in rural areas migrate to urban areas with the
desire to find a job with good wages, a stable place to live
and an improved living standard.
• Big cities are always a destination because they have a
lot of charm:
- Large cities are the convergence of large industrial zones,
where many investors are looking for human resources
- The salaries and benefits they receive in industrial factories
are quite good
- It is a place with good facilities, better education and a
luxurious life that many people admire and desire
04 Benefits and negative effects
Benefits
• Urbanis ation c ontributes to accelerating
economic growth, s hifting economic and
labor structures, c hanging population
distribution
• Cities are not only a place to create many
jobs and incomes for workers, but also a
large and div erse c onsumer of goods and
produc ts, employ ing a high-quality workfoce,
modern technology,strong attraction of
domestic and foreign investment
• China pay s s pec ial attention to the
development of the transport system,
divers ifying traffic ty pes connecting unified
and continuos to form major traffic hubs,
linking traffic hubs with commercial centers,
creating motiv ation for the development of
the country
Negative effects
• Cost of living tends to be more expensive in
urban area. Property prices are higher and
so are goods and services. Specially in
China, the country has biggest population in
the world, fiding stable accommodation is
not easy
• Urbanisation leads to population explosion.
The popular increase in cities brings about
problems in transportation as well as traffic
management
• Not only that, urabanisation also leads to a
number of negative consequences such as
increased crime rate, the formation of slums
In addition
• Because of densily-populated
cities can have higher level of
population such as air pollution,
water pollution... eventhough
noise pollution, which can effect
your health in the long-term

• For example, according to the

IQAir website updated to date,
Bejing is the second most
polluted city in the world with a
US AQI index of 151-200 which
is equivalent to unhealth levels.
05 Solutions
 Singapore

• Improve the financial

sustainability of cities while
strengthening financial
discipline for local government.

• Join hands to overcome the

negative effects of urbanization
on the environment by raising
awareness about environmental
protection; to help those
affected by urbanization

• China needs to learn solutions

to Singapore’s environmental
pollution acts

• And many more solutions...

We hope that the information
we provide is helpful and
interesting to all of you
THANKS
FOR LISTENING