History, Physical Features

and Climate
BY GROUP 1
1)Aishwarya
2)Cleona
3)Hansel
4)Harirudran
 Physical features of Sikkim

Sikkim is well know for its rugged topography and we can experience very less flat lands at Sikkim. Numerous rivers and
mountains are some of the main physical features. Along with rivers and mountains, the lakes, hot springs, Waterfalls and
glaciers are also found in this region.

Mountains in Sikkim
Sikkim is said to be a land of high mountains which seem to touch the heavens. These mountains form an integral part of the
Himalayas. The name of this highest mountain range is Kanchenjunga. Other two important mountain ranges in Sikkim are
the ‘Singilela’ range and the Chola’ range.
Lakes in Sikkim
The lakes in Sikkim are both spring fed as well as river fed. These lakes are also treated as the source of many rivers. Some of
the well-known lakes in Sikkim are The Changu Lake, The Bidang cho, The Menmoi cho, Ram and Laxman lake, etc.

Hot Springs in Sikkim

Sikkim houses various hot springs which are famous for their medicinal and therapeutic value. The most important hot
springs in Sikkim are located at Phurchachu (Reshi), Yumthang, Ralang and Momay Samdong. The average temperature
of water in these hot springs is around 50 degree Celcius. These hot springs in Sikkim are considered as one of the four holy
caves.
 CLIMATE IN SIKKIM

The state has five seasons: winter, summer, spring, autumn, and monsoon season. Sikkim's climate
ranges from sub tropical in the south to in the north.
Most of the inhabited regions of Sikkim experience a temperature climate, with temperatures
seldom exceeding 28 °C in summer. The average annual temperature for most of Sikkim is around
18 °C.
Sikkim is one of the few states in India to receive regular snowfall. The snow line ranges from
6,100 meters in the south of the state to 4,900 meters in the north.
The tundra-type region in the north is snowbound for four months every year, and the
temperature drops below 0 °C almost every night .In north-western Sikkim, the peaks are frozen
year-round; because of the high altitude, temperatures in the mountains can drop to as low as
−40 °C in winter.
During the monsoon, heavy rains increase the risk of landslides.. Fog affects many parts of the
state during winter and the monsoons, making transportation perilous.
 History Of Sikkim

• Sikkim was a Buddhist kingdom under the Namgyal-Chogyal dynasty from 1642 to 1975.
Time and again the little kingdom had to defend itself against attacks from Nepal. 1835 the area
of Darjeeling - that had been part of Sikkim until then - was annexed by British India. Sikkim was a
protectorate first of British India and after its independence in 1947 of India. With foreign policy
and national defense in the hands of India the political influence of Sikkim became more severely
restricted when the new Constitution came into force in 1955. Bureaucrats planned to bring the
monarchy to an end in 1973 and India in turn, increased its influence. The Chogyal (king who
governs with righteousness) Palden Namgyal Thodup was crashed in 1975 and Sikkim merged
with India as its 22nd state.
BIBLIOGRAPHY

• https://www.namasteindiatrip.com/history-of-sikkim.html
• https://serindia.com/products/sikkim
• https://en.wikipedia.org