मराठी भाषेवर रील प्रभुत्वा चे महत्व

मराठी अध्यापनशास्त्र
यांनी के ले : बुशरा शेख (06)
डी.एल.एड प्रथम वर्ष
एसएमटी एस.के सोमय्या ज्युनियर कॉलेज ऑफ एज्युके शन
मार्गदर्शन : श्री स्नेहल पोडसे
 शिकण्याचे उद्दिष्ट
• What is Ecosystem?
• Structure of Ecosystem.
• Biotic factors in ecosystem.
 What is Ecosystem?
• All organisms such as plants, animals,
microorganisms and human beings as well as
the physical surroundings interact with each
other and maintain a balance in nature.
• The ecosystem is the structural and functional
unit of ecology where the living organisms
interact with each other and the surrounding
environment. In other words, an ecosystem is
a chain of interaction between organisms and
their environment. The term “Ecosystem” was
first coined by A.G.Tansley, an English botanist,
in 1935.
• An ecosystem consists of all living organisms
and the physicochemical components. They
are also referred to as the biotic
factors and abiotic factors, respectively. They
interact and function together as a unit.
 Structure of Ecosystem
The structure of an ecosystem is characterised
by the organisation of both biotic and abiotic
components. This includes the distribution of
energy in our environment. It also includes the
climatic conditions prevailing in that particular
environment. The structure of an ecosystem
can be split into two main components,
namely:
• Biotic Components • Abiotic Components
• The abiotic factors include the physical
and chemical factors, such as sunlight,
water, temperature, and other
non-living components of an ecosystem.
• Biotic factors are the living components,
such as bacteria, birds, and any other
living things present in an
ecosystem. This article is focused on the
biotic factors that shape an ecosystem.
 Biotic Factors
• Biotic factors (also known as biotic
components) are the living component in an
ecosystem. The term “biotic” means “of or
related to living organisms”.
• Biotic factors include any living component of
an ecosystem. They include related biological
factors, such as pathogens, effects of human
influence, and diseases. Living components fall
into one three categories:
• Producers: Producers or autotrophs convert abiotic factors into
food. The most common pathway is photosynthesis, through
which carbon dioxide, water, and energy from sunlight are used to
produce glucose and oxygen. Plants are examples of producers.
• Consumers: Consumers or heterotrophs obtain energy from
producers or other consumers. Most consumers are animals.
Examples of consumers include cattle and wolves. Consumers may
be further classified as to whether they feed only on producers (
herbivores), only on other consumers (carnivores), or a mixture of
producers and consumers (omnivores). Wolves are an example of
carnivores. Cattle are herbivores. Bears are omnivores.
• Decomposers: Decomposers or detritivores break down chemicals
made by producers and consumers into simpler molecules. The
products made by decomposers may be used by producers. Fungi,
earthworms, and some bacteria are decomposers.
THE BIOTIC AND ABIOTIC COMPONENTS ARE INTERRELATED IN AN
ECOSYSTEM. IT IS AN OPEN SYSTEM WHERE THE ENERGY AND
COMPONENTS CAN FLOW THROUGHOUT THE BOUNDARIES.
 Reference:
• https://www.rajras.in/ecosystem-structure-fu
nctions-components/
• https://gacbe.ac.in/pdf/ematerial/18BZO63C-
U2.pdf
• https://in.pinterest.com/pin/35395547060937
611/
Thank You!!