UNIT 1.

2 FIBONACCI SEQUENCE
 UNIT 1. 2 FIB ONAC C I SEQUENC E

A man put a pair of rabbits

in a place surrounded on all
sides by a wall. How many
pairs of rabbits are
produced from that pair in a
year, if it is supposed that
every month each pair
produces a new pair, which
from the second month
onwards becomes
productive?
Months Adult Pair Young Pair Total
1 1 1 2
2 2 1 3
3 3 2 5
4 5 3 8
5 8 5 13
6 13 8 21
7 21 13 34
8 34 21 55
9 55 34 89
10 89 55 144
11 144 89 233
12 233 144 377
 Leonardo of pisa a.k.a
Fibonacci discovered a
sequence of numbers that
created an interesting
pattern the sequence is
0,1,1,2,3,5,8,13,21,34,
…
 DEFINITION

A series of numbers in which each

number is the sum of the preceding
numbers
𝑓 𝑛 = 𝑓 𝑛 − 2+ 𝑓 𝑛 −1 𝑛2
Number
1
1 + 1 = 987 + 1 = 988
2
3
5
= 1597
8
13
21
34
55
89
144
233
377
610
987
1597
 F L O W E R P E TA L

1 2 3 5

White Calla Lily Euphorbia Trillium Columbine

8 13 21 34

Bloodroot Black-eyed susan Shasta daisy Field daisies

SUNFLOWER SEED
PINEAPPLES HAVE SPIRAL
FORMED BY THEIR
HEXAGONAL NUBS
GOLDEN RATIO
 A. GOLDEN RATIO

The golden ratio was first called as the

Divine Proportion in the early 1500s on
Leonardo da Vinci’s work which was
explored by Luca Pacioli (Italian
Mathematicians) entitled “ De Devina
Proportione” in 1509.
It contains the drawings of the five
platonic solids and it was probably da
Vinci who first called it the “section
aurea” which is Latin for Golden
Section
 A. GOLDEN RATIO

Two quantities are in the Golden

ratio if their ratio is the same of their
sum to the larger of the two
quantities.

In simple term, golden ratio is

expressed as an equation, where a is
larger than b, (a + b) divided by a is
equal to a divided by b, which is equal
to 1.618033987 and represented by a
Greek character (phi)
 GOLDEN RECTANGLE

Is related to the golden

spiral , which is created by
making adjacent squares of
Fibonacci dimensions
 B . G O L D E N R AT I O I N N AT U R E

Fern
Rose Comfrey Calla Lily
fiddleheads

Spiral growth Flower buds Pine cones

 Ram’s horn Ant Body Human face Seashell Penguin

Butterfly wings Human DNA Tiger’s face

C . G O L D E N R AT I O I N A RT S
 Phidias
( Mark Barr, an American
mathematician, who proposed using
the first letter of Phidias to
represent the golden ratio in the
1900S.

Phidias (490 BC- 430 BC) widely used the golden ratio
in his works of sculpture. The exterior dimension of the
Parthenon in Athens, Greece embodies the golden ratio
 PLATO (428 BC- 347 BC) IN
“TIMAEUS’ HE DESCRIBES
FIVE POSSIBLE REGULAR
SOLIDS THAT RELATE TO THE
GOLDEN RATIO.
EUCLID ( 323 BC- 265 BC)
WAS THE FIRST TO GIVE
DEFINITION OF THE
GOLDEN RATIO AS A ‘
DIVIDING LINE IN THE
EXTREME AND MEAN
RATIO

Fragment of Euclid Book

Pentagrams
 Leonardo di ser Peiro
da Vinci

Interest such as invention, painting, sculpting,

architecture, science , music , mathematics,
engineering, literature, anatomy, geology,
astronomy, botany, writing, history, and
cartography.
Monalisa The Last Supper
 Michaelangelo di
Lodovico Simon ( 1475-
1564)

A painter, architect, poet

and engineer
CREATION OF ADAM
Raffaello Sanzio da Urbino
(1483-1520)

Painter and
architect
School of Athens Upper Arch

Stairs
Alessandro di Mariano di Vanni
Filipepi (1445- 1510) ,known as
Sandro Botticelli (an Italian
Painter)
B I RT H O F V E N U S
 George- Pierre
Seurat (1859-1891)
a French post-
impressionist
painter.
 A Sunday on La Grande Jatte

Barthers at Asinieres
Salvador Domingo
Felipe Jacinto
Dali ( 1904- 1989)
THE SACRAMENT OF THE LAST
SUPPER
D. GOLDEN RATIO IN
ARCHITECTURE
Taj Mahal CN Tower
UN Building

Great Pyramid Notre Dame Eiffel Tower

NEXT LESSON
UNIT 1.3