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IODINE TEST
TEST FOR
POLYSACCHARIDES

GROUP 6
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INTRODUCTION
The iodine test is a biochemical
test to detect and distinguish
certain polysaccharides (starch,
dextrin, and glycogen) from
monosaccharides and
disaccharides, and
polysaccharides such as cellulose .
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OBJECTIVES

This experiment aims to detect the

presence of polysaccharides in
various test samples, primarily starch
and dextrin, through the addition of
the iodine reagent.
STARCH
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• Lugol's Iodine
• 1% Glucose • Test Tubes
• 1% Sucrose • Graduated Droppers or Pipettes
• 1% Starch • Test Tube Stand
• Cellulose Sample (in the form of a
small ball of cotton)
• Distilled Water (Negative Control)

REAGENTS MATERIALS 05
 PROCEDURE
STEP 1
Take the 4 labeled test tubes in the test tube stand. Using
different droppers or pipettes, add 1 ml each of the test
samples in the tubes. Take 1 ml of distilled water in the
4th tube (Negative Control). Take the cellulose cotton
sample.
STEP 2
Add 3 drops of the dilute iodine solution to each of the
four tubes and to the cellulose sample. Observe the
change in color in the samples. 06
RESULTS

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 TEST
COLOR
SAMPLE

NEGATIVE 1% GLUCOSE YELLOW NEGATIVE

TEST

1% SUCROSE YELLOW NEGATIVE

1% STARCH DARK BLUE POSITIVE

DISTILLED WATER
(NEGATIVE YELLOW NEGATIVE
POSITIVE CONTROL)
TEST
CELLULOSE YELLOW NEGATIVE
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RESULTS

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DEXTRIN
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• 1/2 mL of fresh dextrin solution • Test Tubes
• Iodine solution • Droppers or Pipettes

REAGENTS MATERIALS 11
PROCEDURE
STEP 1
Using a dropper or pipette, add 1/2 mL of fresh dextrin
solution to the test tube.

STEP 2
Add one drop of iodine solution into the dextrin solution
then check for color change.

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 DATA AND
NEGATIVE
TEST
RESULTS
When you add iodine to a solution, the color changes,
indicating that the solution contains polysaccharide.
The nature of the polysaccharide is determined by the
color produced.
If violet color appears, dextrin is present, and it
POSITIVE signifies a positive result. There is no dextrin present
TEST if the yellow color of the iodine reagent just becomes
diluted.
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QUESTIONS &
ANSWERS
QUESTION AND ANSWER
WHAT IS THE PRINCIPLE BEHIND THE IODINE TEST?
It is based on the principle that polyiodide ions, mainly the triiodide ions, present in
iodine solution form colored absorption complexes with the helical chains of glucose
residues of certain polysaccharides. The triiodide and pentaiodide ions formed are linear
and slip inside the helix structures, which then produces visual colors upon contact with
these polysaccharide molecules.

WHAT IS RESPONSIBLE FOR THE COLORED

COMPLEX FORMED IN STARCH?
The amylose component in starch is responsible for the formation of a deep blue or blue-
black color in the presence of iodine. Another component of starch is the amylopectin
which produces an orange-yellow hue when iodine is added.

WITH THE PRESENCE OF AMYLOSE AND AMYLOPECTIN IN

STARCH, WHY IS BLUE THE ONLY COLOR SEEN?
The amylose component of starch forms a very dark blue complex with iodine; the color
is intense enough to be able to effectively mask the orange-yellow color complex formed
by the amylopectin. This is why starch, in general, appears to produce only dark blue 15
color with iodine.
QUESTION AND ANSWER
WHAT IS THE PURPOSE OF IODINE TEST?
The presence of starch in a sample can be determined using an iodine test . Starch may be
distinguished from monosaccharides, disaccharides, and other polysaccharides using the
test.

WHAT IS THE IMPORTANCE OF IODINE TEST IN

MEDICAL FIELD?
Iodine is a mineral that our bodies require to function properly. It plays a vital role in
promoting thyroid health. The thyroid gland, which is positioned near the base of your
neck, aids in hormone production regulation. Hormones control your metabolism, heart
health, and other bodily functions. It also helps to reduce the danger of some goiters. A
goiter is an enlargement of the thyroid gland that can occur as a result of hypothyroidism
or hyperthyroidism. A goiter can form as a direct result of iodine deficiency.

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POLYSACCHARIDE COLOR

AMYLOS BLUE-
E BLACK

ORANGE-
AMYLOPECTIN
YELLOW

DEXTRIN VIOLET

REDDISH-
GLYCOGE
BROWN
N
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• The iodine test is qualitative, which is one of its major drawbacks.
• The presence or lack of starch in the sample can be detected by the iodine test, on the
other hand, it cannot be used to quantify the amount of starch present in the sample.
• Another drawback is that starch hydrolysis is inhibited under acidic environments.
As a result, for acidic materials, the iodine test will be invalid.
• The iodine test cannot be done on a sample that is extremely dark in color because
the color changes will be undetectable.

LIMITATIONS 18
 CONCLUSION
The Iodine Test is used to determine the presence of polysaccharides, such as starch and
dextrin, in various samples. With the addition of iodine, the presence of starch in a
sample produces a dark blue-colored complex while the dilution of the yellow color of
the iodine indicates the absence of starch. This test can be performed to test the process
of photosynthesis in plants.
On the other hand, the presence of dextrin in a sample produces a violet color with the
addition of iodine. Similar to the test in starch, the dilution of the yellow color of the
iodine indicates the absence of dextrin.

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THANK
YOU!
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REFERENCES

https://
https://
www.youtube.com/
microbenotes.com/
watch?
iodine-test/
v=72zKnccyH-w

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