Separation

Separator Design

Stage Separation

Flash Calculation

Low-Temperature Separation
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 1.
Separator Design
 Gas Capacity
 Liquid Capacity
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 Separator Design:
The specifications are used for separator selection:

Gas Capacity
 Separator Design:
The specifications are used for separator selection:

Gas Capacity
 Separator Design:
The specifications are used for separator selection:

Liquid Capacity
Separator Design:

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Separator Design:

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Example:

Solution:

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 2.
Stage Separation

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Stage separation is a process in which hydrocarbon mixtures are separated into vapor
and liquid phases by multiple equilibrium flashes at consecutively lower pressures. A
two-stage separation requires one separator and a storage tank, and a three-stage
separation requires two separators and a storage tank.

In high-pressure gas-condensate separation systems reduction of the pressure can

significantly increase the recovery of stock-tank liquids .

The increase in liquid recovery for two-stage separation over single-stage separation
usually varies from 2 to 12 percent, although 20 to 25 percent increases in liquid
recoveries have been reported.

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The first-stage separator operating pressure is generally determined by the flow line
pressure and operating characteristics of the well.

Pressures at low stage separations can be determined based on equal pressure ratios
between the stages.

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 Stage Separation:
Pressures at the intermediate stages can be then designed with the following
formula:

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 3.
Flash Calculation

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Flash Calculation

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Flash Calculation

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Flash Calculation

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Example:

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Solution:

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 4.
Low-Temperature
Separation

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o More effective.
o Normally operated from 0 to 20 °F.
o The lowest operating temperature is –20 °F.
o 2,500 psi to 3,000 psi pressure drop is required.

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Principle:
1.The lower the Operating temperature of the separator, the lighter the liquid
recovery will be.

2.This is an Irreversible adiabatic process in which the heat content of the

gas remains the same across the choke but the pressure and temperature of
the gas Stream are reduced.

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Consists of:
o High-pressure separator.
o Pressure-reducing chokes.
o Various pieces of heat exchange equipment.

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Temperature drop per unit Pressure drop is
affected by:
o Composition of gas Stream.
o Gas and liquid flow rates.
o Bath temperature.
o Ambient temperature.

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 Thanks!
Any questions?
Ahmed Khidir
Ahmed Najmaldeen
Omama Basbar
Jood Hashim

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