ENGLISH INTRO:

Lecturer: Dr. Kingsley Cyril Mintah

0243804089
DEFINITION
 The sentence refers to a group words that
expresses a complete thought.

 As a group of words, the sentence is organized

in such a way that it has a subject and a
predicate and it makes a complete thought

 Example
◦ My sweet little sister in the dark dress who is sitting in the car
that is parked at the corner over there.
◦ John cried bitterly.
Parts of a sentence or clause
 The sentences may broadly be divided
into
◦ Subject
◦ Verb
◦ Object
◦ Compliment
◦ Adjunct

 The subject and verb are obligatory

components in a sentence, while the others are
optional
SUBJECT
 The subject is the doer or performer of an
action in the sentence

 It is the cause, agent, person or thing doing

the action (or undergoing the action in
passive voice).

 It usually takes the form of a noun, pronoun,

noun phrase or a clause.
SUBJECT
his hand.
The boy raised

My little boy bought a pizza.

seems
He happy.

Kwame kicked the ball

really thinks that he is ready

He
to continue.
VERB
 The verb is an essential part of the predicate

 The Verb is usually described as the action or

doing word
◦ Egs. write, jump, walk

 It can also be the state or being word

◦ Egs. is, are, has, seem
 VERB

The boy raised (action) his hand.

My little boy gave (action) me his hand.

seems (state)
He happy.

kicked (action)
Kwame the ball.

thinks (state) that he is ready to

He
continue.
Object
 The object is the entity that receives or
suffers the action that is performed by the
Subject

 It may be a noun or pronoun or phrase or

clause
 OBJECT

his hand.
The boy raised (DO) direct object

me his hand.
My little boy gave
(IO) (DO)

He picked a form (O)

That he is so surprises
us. (O)
enthusiastic
Complement
 The Complement usually describes or says
more about the subject

 It is usually an adjective or adjectival phrase

 It can also be a noun phrase

 Complement
seems
He happy. (Adj)

My little boy
looks very handsome

Being is
good.
enthusiastic
Is
Jones my brother
Adjunct

 The Adjunct indicates the direction, position,

place, manner, degree, frequency and time of
the action that is performed
 Adjunct

his hand
The boy raised today

Adjunct

He walks very fast

speak
My friends slowly

plays
Rose all the time
Identify the various parts of these
sentences
 Yesterday, my mother brought food.
 Serwaa is very beautiful.
 In the morning, the little boy called me a fool.
 The little boy called me a taxi in the morning.
 The lecturer understands me very clearly.
 Someone was laughing loudly in the next room.
 In 1945, the country became totally independent.
 Most people consider these books rather
expensive, actually.
 You must put all the toys immediately.