DIMENSION OF DEVELOPMENT:

HEALTH AWARENESS
PRESENTED BY: PERLA
BATOON
Objectives
Name some common communicable and non-communicable diseases
01

02 Identify the causes and symptoms of these diseases

03 Enumerate and follow the preventive measures for these diseases

COMMUNICABLE
DISEASES
 DENGUE
• A febrile disease caused by one of four
closely related virus serotypes of the
genus Flavivirus, family Flaviviridae.
• Also called as breakbone fever or
bonecrasher disease.
• It is transmitted to humans by the
Aedes aegypti mosquitos that are found
in the tropics.
• They tend to bite just after dawn and
just before sunset.
Signs and Symptoms of Mild Dengue

• High fever
• Severe headache
• Pain behind the eyes
• Muscle and joint pain
• Nausea
• Vomiting
• Rash
Signs and Symptoms of Severe Dengue
• Severe abdominal pain
• Persistent vomiting
• Rapid breathing
• Bleeding gums or nose
• Fatigue
• Restlessness
• Pale and cold skin
• Feeling weak
Prevention of Dengue
01 Use mosquito nets and insect repellent
02
02 Put screens on doors and windows

Refrain from going outdoors during the time of the day when
03
mosquitos are most active 04
Remove stagnant water, Cover water containers and change water in
04
flower vases frequently
 MALARIA
• A vector-borne infectious disease that is
widespread in tropical and subtropical
region
• One of the most common infectious
diseases and enormous public-health
problems
• They are transmitted by female
Anopheles mosquitoes
Signs and Symptoms of Malaria

• Anemia
• High fever
• Chills
• Nausea
• Headache
• Diarrhea
IN SEVERE CASES OF MALARIA

• Coma
• Death
Prevention of Malaria
01
Avoiding mosquito bites through the use of
mosquito nets and insect repellent 02
02 Spraying insecticides
Draining standing water where mosquito lay their eggs
03
04
Drugs must be taken continuosly to reduce the risk of infection
04
 CHOLERA
• An acute intestinal infection
• It has a short incubation period
lasting from less than one day to five
days
Signs and Symptoms of Cholera

• Nausea
• Vomiting
• Fever
• Muscle clamps
 Prevention of Cholera
•
•
Wash hands with soap and water frequently and throughly 02
Drink safe water only
• Eat food that is completely cooked
• Avoid raw food, street food, and any food from suspicious sources
• Observe proper hygiene and sanitation at all times
AVIAN INFLUENZA/BIRD FLU
• An infection caused by avian influenza A
viruses found chiefly in birds, but
infections can occur in humans
• The risk of it is generally low to most
people because it do not usually infect
humans
• This infection could have resulted from
direct contact with infected poultry or
contaminated surfaces.
Signs and Symptoms of Avian Influenza (Bird Flu)

• Fever
• Cough
• Sore Throat
• Muscle Aches
• Nausea
• Vomiting
• Diarrhea
 Prevention of Avian Infection (Bird Flu)

• Wash hands or use-alcohol-based hand sanitizer to avoid infection of all

kinds 02
• Stay away from farms and live animal markets
• Cover mouth and nose when coughing or sneezing
• Cook chicken throughly.Do not eat raw eggs.
• Avoid cross-contamination. Do not use the same utensils for both raw meat
and other kinds of foods
 H1N1
• Also known as the swine flu
• Called as “quadruple reassortant”
• Passes from person to person just like
other flu strains
• It cause more severe symptoms in
people younger than 25 years than 25
years of age while people over 60 years
old have some immunity against it
 H1N1
• A subtype of the influenza A virus and is
the most common form that infects
people
• Endemic in the human population and
cause periodic flu outbreaks
• This virus was responsible for the 1918
flu pandemic.
 Important Facts about Swine Flu
• Swine flu is a respiratory disease caused by influenza viruses that infect the

02
respiratory tract of pigs and result in nasal secretions, barking cough, decreased
appetite, and listless behavior.
• Swine flu viruses may mutate (change), so that they are easily transmissible among
humans.
• The 2009 swine flu outbreak was due to the H1N1 virus and was first observed in
Mexico.
• Two antiviral agents, zanamivir (Relenza) and oseltamivir (Tamiflu), have been
reported to help prevent or reduce the effects of swine flu if taken within 48 hours at
the onset of symptoms.
Signs and Symptoms of H1N1 ( Swine Flu)
• Fever
• Cough
• Sore Throat
• Runny or stuffy nose
• Body aches
• Headache
• Chills
• Fatigue
• Vomiting
• Diarrhea
Prevention of H1N1 (Swine Flu)
02
• The best way to avoid influenza infections is through vaccination.
The Common side effects of H1N1 (Swine Flu)

02
• Flu shot: Soreness, Redness, Minor swelling at the shot site,
Muscle aches, Low-grade fever, and Nausea.
• Nasal spray: Runny nose, Low-grade fever, Vomiting, Headache,
Wheezing, Cough, and Sore throat.
 TYPHOID FEVER
• An acute illness most often caused by
the Salmonella typhi bacteria or the
Salmonella paratyphi
• Common worldwide and has received
various names such as gastric fever,
abdominal typhus, infantile remittent
fever, slow fever, nervous fever, or
pythogenic fever.
Signs and Symptoms of Typhoid Fever

• Sustained high fever

• Chest congestion
• Abdominal pain
• Discomfort
Signs and Symptoms of Typhoid Fever

• Poor appetite
• Headache
• Body aches
• Lethargy
 Prevention of Typhoid Fever

• Drink safe water only

• Improving sanitation
• Eating well-cooked food while it is still hot
• Washing the hands often and keeping the surroundings clean will help stop
the spread of infection
 Treatment of Typhoid Fever

02
• Two vaccine, one injected and the other given
orally.
• Treated with antibiotics that kill the
salmonella bacteria.