06.

05 Plants
Jan Pokorný
Nonvascular
plants - Moss
Genus name – Dicranum
Species name – D. Scoparium
Common name – Broom moss
Phylum name – Bryophyta

Dicranum scoparium is small green moss.

It's unable to transport water or nutrients
through its specialized structure because it
lacks vascular tissue, thus it belongs to the
nonvascular plants division. It has evolved
several times to survive on land, while
evolving it obtained the ability to directly
take in water from its surroundings and
retain moisture through its leaves.
Seedless
vascular plants
- Fern
Genus name – Polypodium
Species name – P. Glycyrrhiza
Common name – Licorice fern
Phylum name – Filicinophyta

Polypodium glycyrrhiza belongs to the group

of seedless vascular plants. It can grow up to
30 cm tall and thrives in moist, dark
environments that are often found in rocky
areas. With its unique leaves, which help it
retain moisture, and a root structure that allows
it to absorb nutrients and water from the soil,
this plant has evolved to survive on land.
Nonflowering
vascular plants –
Pine cone
Genus name – Pinus
Species name – P. Ponderosa
Common name – Bull pine
Phylum name – Coniferophyta

Pinus ponderosa is a non-flowering vascular

plant. It's able to reach heights of 60 meters.
It produces cones for reproduction and
bundles its three needle-like leaves into
groups. Its deep roots and thick bark make it
very well suited to life on land. Additionally,
it has a rubbery/waxy coating on its needles
that reduces water loss in dry environments.
Flowering
vascular plants -
Sunflower
Genus name – Helianthus
Species name – H. Annuus
Common name – Common sunflower
Phylum name – Anthophyta

The group of flowering vascular plants includes

the sunflower species Helianthus annuus. Its
adaptations as a flowering plant include the
ability to produce nectar to draw pollinators, the
capacity to reproduce through seeds, and unique
structures for seed dispersal. Additionally, it has
a root system that enables it to absorb water and
nutrients from the soil and waxy „skin“ on its
leaves that limit excessive water loss.
Sources
 https://www.gardeningknowhow.com/ornamental/foliage/moss/how-to-make-a-moss-slurry.htm
 https://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/2022/oct/09/james-wong-on-gardens-why-the-hares-foot-is-t
he-perfect-fern-for-outside-and-in
 https://pixabay.com/photos/pine-cone-fir-green-fir-branch-6803226/
 https://www.almanac.com/plant/sunflowers
 https://explorer.natureserve.org/Taxon/ELEMENT_GLOBAL.2.121673/Dicranum_scoparium
 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dicranum_scoparium
 https://explorer.natureserve.org/Taxon/ELEMENT_GLOBAL.2.142178/Polypodium_glycyrrhiza
 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polypodium_glycyrrhiza
 https://explorer.natureserve.org/Taxon/ELEMENT_GLOBAL.2.137495/Pinus_ponderosa
 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pinus_ponderosa
 https://explorer.natureserve.org/Taxon/ELEMENT_GLOBAL.2.134717/Helianthus_annuus
 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Common_sunflower