NO N

Pat- t e

r n s of
PREPARED BY:
Inh E.
MR. EDMUND e r i t anc e

E
GONZAGA

ME ND
 OBJECTIVES
:

• Deduce that traits can be inherited through
different patterns other that the Mendelian
principles of inheritance;

• Express the genotypes and phenotypes of

the offspring formed by the different crosses
solved.
Terminologies:

GENOTYPE
PHENOTYPE TRAIT
HEREDITY
Is the genetic makeup of an
Refers to an individual’s
Is a particular
individual
Referscell or
to characteristic,
organism
the that
genetic
observable
determines or traits.
quality, or tendencytothat
contributes its
heritage passed down by
someonephenotype.
or something has.
our biological parents.
 Gregor Mendel
(1822–1884) is
known as the father
of genetics. He
proposed the key
laws of genetics
from this work on
inheritance of traits
in peas in 1866.
GREGOR JOHANN MENDEL
GENETICS
Genetics is a branch of
 concerned with
biology
the study of genes,
genetic variation, and
heredity in organisms.
 HEREDITARY
Heredity, also called inheritance or
biological inheritance, is the passing

on of traits from parents to their
offspring; either through asexual
reproduction or sexual reproduction,
the offspring cells or organisms
acquire the genetic information of
their parents.
 INCOMPLETE
DOMINANCE

Incomplete dominance is a
form of Gene interaction in

which both alleles of a gene at
a locus are partially expressed,
often resulting in an
intermediate or different
phenotype.It is also known
aspartial dominance.
INCOMPLETE
DOMINANCE


INCOMPLETE
DOMINANCE


INCOMPLETE
DOMINANCE


R W
R RR RW

W RW WW
 SEX-LINKED
TRAITS
Sex-linked, as related to
genetics,
 refers
tocharacteristics (or
traits) that are influenced
by genes carried on
thesex chromosomes.
SEX-LINKED
TRAITS


 SEX-LINKED
TRAITS

A COLOR-BLIND
 MARRIES A
MAN
WOMAN WITH
NORMAL COLOR
VISION.
SEX-LINKED
TRAITS

 Y
 SEX-LINKED
TRAITS

A WOMAN CARRIER
 ABNORMAL
OF THE
GENE MARRIES A
MAN WITH NORMAL
COLOR VISION.
SEX-LINKED
TRAITS


Y
 HEMOPHILIA
BLEEDER’S
DISEASE
Hemophilia isusually an

inherited bleeding disorder in
which the blood does not clot
properly. This can lead to
spontaneous bleeding as well as
bleeding following injuries or
surgery.
 HEMOPHILIA
BLEEDER’S
DISEASE
A female carrier of the trait
 marries normal
hemophilia
male. What is the genotypic
and phenotypic ratio of the
offspring?
HEMOPHILIA
BLEEDER’S
DISEASE


Y
HEMOPHILIA
BLEEDER’S
DISEASE


25%- NORMAL FEMALE
25%- CARRIER FEMALE
25%- NORMAL MALE
25%- HEMOPHILIAC MALE
 PRINCIPLE OF
MULTIPLE
ALLELES 
Multiple alleles, that means
there are more than two
phenotypes available
depending on the dominant
or recessive alleles that are
available in the trait and the
dominance pattern the
individual alleles follow
when combined together.
 THE HUMAN
BLOOD RELATIONSHIP
 Cells Genotypes Blood types

1. A person with the IA allele

will have A carbohydrates.
I i, I I
A A A Type A
blood
2. A person with the IB allele
will have B carbohydrates.
3. A person with the recessive
I i, I I
B B B Type B
blood
i allele will have no
carbohydrates. II
A B Type AB
blood
4. Or a person with both IA
and IB alleles will have both
A and B carbohydrates on
their cells.
ii Type O
blood
 BLOOD TYPE
PROBLEMS Blood Type Problem 1:
Cells Genotypes 
Blood types
If a woman with AB blood
has children with a man
IAi, IAIA Type A
blood
who has type O, what will
be the possible genotypes
of their children? What will
I i, I I
B B B Type B
blood
be their blood types?

IA IB
II
A B Type AB
blood
i IA i IB i
ii Type O
blood i IA i IB i
 BLOOD TYPE
PROBLEMS
Cells Genotypes 
Blood types
Blood Type Problem 2: A
woman with type B blood
IAi, IAIA Type A
blood
has a child with type O
blood. How is this possible
if her husband has type A
I i, I I
B B B Type B
blood
blood?

II
A B Type AB
blood

ii Type O
blood
 SEATWORK #3

Answer in your

Science Notebook.
 BLOOD TYPE
PROBLEMS Blood Type Problem 1:
Channing Tatum has type A
Cells Genotypes 
Blood types blood. Ms. Palmeri has
type B blood. They have a
IAi, IAIA Type A
blood baby with type O blood.
How is this possible? Show
your work!
I i, I I
B B B Type B
blood

II
A B Type AB
blood

ii Type O
blood
 BLOOD TYPE Blood Type Problem 2:
Adam Sandler is
PROBLEMS homozygous for type A
Cells Genotypes 
Blood types
blood. Megan Fox is
heterozygous for type B. If
IAi, IAIA Type A
blood
they have kids what will be
the genotypic and
phenotypic ratios of the
I i, I I
B B B Type B
blood
possible kids?

II
A B Type AB
blood

ii Type O
blood
 BLOOD TYPE
PROBLEMS Blood Type Problem 3:
Jimmy Fallon has type O
Cells Genotypes 
Blood types blood. Jennifer Aniston has
type AB blood. If they have
IAi, IAIA Type A
blood kids what will be the
genotypic and phenotypic
ratios of the possible kids?
I i, I I
B B B Type B
blood

II
A B Type AB
blood

ii Type O
blood
POINTERS TO REVIEW
UNIT 1
LESSON 1: ORGANS OF THE CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM
LESSON 2: BLOOD GROUPS & BLOOD CLOTTING PROCESS
LESSON 3: CARDIAC CYCLE, HEART SOUNDS & BLOOD PRESSURE
LESSON 4: ORGANS OF RESPIRATION

UNIT 2 
LESSON 1: THE STRUCTURE OF THE CHROMOSOMES
LESSON 2: NON-MENDELIAN PATTERNS OF INHERITANCE
