ART APPRECIATION

ELEMENTS AND PRINCIPLES OF ARTS,

ELEMENTS OF AUDITORY ARTS.
What is Elements Of Arts?
• The elements of art are the fundamental
components used by artists when
creating a work of art.
ELEMENTS OF ARTS
7 Elements of Arts:
• Line
• Shape
• Form
• Color
• Value
• Texture
• Space
ELEMENTS OF ARTS
EXAMPLES OF LINES:

1.LINE- is one of the most

basic elements of art and it
can be used to create many
different effects.
Examples of Arts that has the Line Elements
of art.
ELEMENTS OF ARTS
EXAMPLES OF SHAPES:

2.SHAPE-
are two-dimensional forms
that are defined by an outline
or border.
Examples of Arts that has the Shape in
Elements of art.

William Morris:
Snakes-head Printed Textile
ELEMENTS OF ARTS
EXAMPLES OF FORM:

3.FORM-
is a three-dimensional object
that has mass and volume. It
occupies space and it can be
viewed from any angle.

SCULPTURE
Examples of Arts that has the Form
Elements of art.
ELEMENTS OF ARTS

4.COLOR- is an important
element of art which helps to
bring life to an artwork.
 ELEMENTS OF ARTS

• a. Primary Colors are blue, red, yellow (BRY).

• b. Secondary Colors are green, orange and
violet (GOV).
• c. Intermediate Colors are the resulting colors
of mixing primary and secondary color.
Examples of Arts that has the Color
Elements of art.
ELEMENTS OF ARTS
EXAMPLES OF VALUE:
5.VALUE- is the lightness or
darkness of a color used in
an artwork. Light and dark
values create depth and
perspective and also
emphasize certain elements
within a composition. Value is
created by mixing black or
white with a color.
Examples of Arts that has the Value
Elements of art.

Caravaggio: Saint Jerome Writing

ELEMENTS OF ARTS

6.TEXTURE- refers to the

surface quality of an object
or material that can be seen
and felt.
Examples of Arts that has the Texture
Elements of art.
ELEMENTS OF ARTS

7. SPACE- is the area

around, within and between
shapes that creates a sense
of depth within an artwork.
Examples of Arts that has the Space
Elements of art.
What is Principle Of Arts?

• are used to organize art elements and include

Balance, Contrast/Emphasis, Movement/Rhythm,
Unity and Variety, Harmony, Pattern,
Proportion/Scale.
PRINCIPLES OF ARTS

7 Principles of Arts

• Balance
• Contrast and Emphasis
• Movement and Rhythm
• Unity and Variety
• Harmony
• Pattern
• Proportion
Principle Of Arts

1. BALANCE
PRINCIPLE OF ARTS

1.BALANCE- refers to the

visual weight of the elements
of the composition. It is a
sense that the painting feels
stable and "feels right."
PRINCIPLES OF ARTS

3 Different ways to
achieved Balance:

• Symmetry
• Asymmetrical balance
• Radial balance
Balance can be achieved in 3 different
ways:

• Symmetry- in
which both sides of
a composition have
the same elements
in the same
position, as in a
mirror-image, or the
two sides of a face.
Balance can be achieved in 3 different
ways:

• Asymmetrical balance - is
when the elements on either
side of the art differ, and the
entire artwork is not evenly
distributed around a central
point. It is often seen in
nature, for example, in a tree
or a mountain range, and
can be used to create a
feeling of vibrancy and
movement.
Balance can be achieved in 3 different
ways:

• Radial balance - is
when the elements of
the artwork are
arranged in a circular
pattern around a
central point. It’s
essentially symmetry
in several directions at
once
Examples of Arts that has the Balance
Principles of art.
Principle Of Arts

2. CONTRAST
AND
EMPHASIS
PRINCIPLE OF ARTS

2. CONTRAST- is the
difference between elements
of art in a composition, such
that each element is made
stronger in relation to the
other.
There are 4 types of Contrast in Arts

• Value Contrast Art

• Color Contrast Art
• Shape Contrast Art
• Texture Contrast Art
The 4 types of Contrast in ARTS

1. Value Contrast Art-

Value contrast utilizes light
and dark tones to add a layer
of depth and three-
dimensionality to the artwork.
Value in art is based on a
color’s relative light or
darkness, regardless of its
hue.

“On the Bank of the Seine” by Claude Monet (1868)

Value Contrast Art

“Old Woman Examining a Coin” by

Gerard Van Honthorst (Gerrit van
Honthorst (1592-1656)
The 4 types of Contrast in ARTS

2. Color Contrast Art-

Color contrast, also known
as hue contrast, refers to the
contrast between the hues
and saturation of an image.
 Value Contrast Art

“Self-Portrait with Bandaged Ear and

Pipe (1889)” by Vincent van Gogh
 Value Contrast Art

“Starry Night Over the Rhone”

by Vincent van Gogh (1888)
 Value Contrast Art

“Path in the Park of Arles with

Walkers” (1888) by Vincent van
Gogh
The 4 types of Contrast in ARTS

3. Shape Contrast Art

Shape contrast in art is the
use of rigid vs. organic
shapes, long vs. short
shapes, or circular vs.
rectangular shapes in an
artwork.

“Landscape with a bridge” (1922) by Gejza Schiller

 Shape Contrast Art

“The Laundry Boat of Pont de

Charenton (Le Bateau-lavoir du
Pont de Charenton)” (ca. 1895)
by Henri Rousseau.
The 4 types of Contrast in ARTS

4. Texture Contrast Art

Texture in contrast is
achieved by using smooth
and rough surfaces in an
artwork.

“The Starry Night (1889)” by Vincent Van Gogh.

PRINCIPLE OF ARTS

2.EMPHASIS- is when the

artist creates an area of the
composition that is visually
dominant and commands the
viewer's attention. This is
often achieved by contrast.
6 Ways: How to Use Emphasis in Art

• Contrast
• Separation/Isolation
• Creation of Exception/
The Unusual
• Convergence
• Subordination
• Location
6 Ways: How to Use Emphasis in Art

1. Contrast emphasis-
is one of the ways to create
a focal point in an art
piece. It is most commonly
done with color, value,
texture and line. However,
most other elements can
be strategically placed
within a composition to
achieve a similar effect.
CONTRAST EMPHASIS

complementary colors in a
painting, like purple and
yellow, immediately gives a
sense of distinction.
Complementary colors are
as far from each other on the
color wheel as possible,
which makes them the
highest contrasting colors.
CONTRAST EMPHASIS

isolated color – when one color

is found only once throughout the
whole piece. Because it doesn’t
match the rest of the image, it will
immediately stand out.
CONTRAST EMPHASIS

absent color –
where one object
within an image is
in color, while the
rest of it is
monochrome, or
vice versa.
PRINCIPLE OF ARTS
6 Ways: How to Use Emphasis in Art
2. Separation/Isolation
emphasis in art refers to placing the main subject separate from all other
subjects. Surrounding the main subject with negative space only
maximizes its importance.
6 Ways: How to Use Emphasis in Art

3. Creation of Exception/ The Unusual-

means making an unusual choice for the focal point that isn’t following any stylistic
rules or makes no sense to our accepted ideas.
6 Ways: How to Use Emphasis in Art
4. Convergence- Convergence emphasis in art is using literal or implied
lines to draw attention to the focal point. Lines, shapes, edges and object
positions have the power to create convergence.
6 Ways: How to Use Emphasis in Art
5. Subordination- Subordination emphasis in art implies de-emphasizing
the entirety of an image except for its focal point. Subordination can be
created using all visual elements of art, with the most common being color,
value, texture and space.
6 Ways: How to Use Emphasis in Art
6. Location - Location emphasis in art indicates the position of subjects
within the canvas. Artists use compositional rules to dictate where the main
subjects belong; for example, the rule of thirds, the golden mean or simply
at the center of the page.
Examples of Emphasis in Art.
The Last Supper, Leonardo
da Vinci (1494-1499).
• Location – placing the
figure of Jesus in the center
of the overall composition.
• Convergence – hands and
bodies of the apostles,
perspective lines.
• Contrast – light value and
shapes of the windows
behind Jesus.
• Separation – His figure has
more negative space
around it than all the others.
Examples of
Emphasis in Art.
Magdalene with the Smoking Flame by Georges
de La Tour.
• Contrast – the light value of the lit candle and
how it affects the front of her figure; bright red
clothing.
• Location – her face is placed on the converging
lines of the rule of thirds.
• The unusual – the skull placed on her lap.
• Isolation – her figure and the candle are
surrounded by negative space.
• Subordination – the value of lit subjects vs
those in the dark.
• Convergence – her gaze and the position of the
skull lead our eyes to the candle and its light
back to her and the skull.
Examples of Emphasis in Art.

A Bowl of Plums, painted by Jean-

Baptiste Simeon Chardin in 1728

• Contrast – the jug and bowl of fruit have

more saturation, contrast, bright colors,
light, and a different rendering style than
the rest of the image.
• Location – jug placed on the rule of
thirds.
• Isolation – the jug and bowl of fruit, plus
the small fruit on the left, are surrounded
by negative space.
• Subordination – lower value
background in comparison to main
subjects.
• Isolation – main still life subjects are
isolated in an empty space.
Principle Of Arts

3. MOVEMENT
AND
RHYTHM
PRINCIPLE OF ARTS

3. MOVEMENT- Movement in art refers

to the way an artist creates the illusion
of motion or action in a static image.
The 4 Types of Movement in Art.

• Physical Movement
• Implied Movement
• Rhythmic Movement
• Optical Movement
The 4 Types of Movement in Art.
1. Physical Movement - Representation of physical movement in art refers to artists using
different art elements to create a sense of motion in a picture. It can create literal movement
– when lines, such as zigzag or spiral, are used to create an illusion of movement; or
abstract movement – when contrasting shapes and colors are used to create a sense of
dynamism.
The 4 Types of Movement in Art.
2. Implied Movement - Implied movement is when there is a suggestion of
movement in a static image. It’s not a literal representation of movement but
a hint that makes the viewer imagine it. It’s often a simple visual clue that
suggests that a movement has just happened or is about to happen.
The 4 Types of Movement in Art.
3. Rhythmic Movement - Rhythmic movement in art refers to a repeated or
alternated pattern of shapes, colors, or lines that create a sense of flow in
an artwork. Artists achieve it through variation, alternation and repetition of
visual elements.
The 4 Types of Movement in Art.
4. Optical Movement - Optical movement is an illusion of movement
created with the use of contrast, shapes, patterns and colors. This type of
movement creates an impression that a static image is moving, shifting or
pulsing when it’s not.
Examples of Movement in Art.
The Threatened Swan
(1650) by Jan Asselijn

Another detail that implies

the fast, rapid movement is
some of the swan’s feathers
flying mid-air, their light color
contrasting against the sky.
The light and shadow play in
this painting create depth
and rhythm. The dynamic
line formed by the swan’s
wings plays a major role in
implying a sense of action.
Examples of
Movement in Art.
The Four Horsemen of the
Apocalypse (1498) by Albrecht
Dürer.
The horizontal lines of the print
create unity within the entire
composition and imply that the
subjects are moving horizontally. The
positions of the horses’ bodies are
very dynamic, and the riders have
their weapons drawn, only adding to
the overall compositional interest and
a sense of action.
Examples of Movement in Art.
Ships in Distress off a
Rocky Coast (1667) by
Ludolf Backhuysen.

The storm and the movement

of water are suggested by the
dynamic lines, color
contrasts, and the texture of
water particles above the
crashing waves. You can
almost feel how heavy the
water is and how powerfully
it’s moving due to the
irregular rhythm created with
lines and colors.
Examples of
Movement in Art.
The Fall of the Rebel Angels
(1660-1665) by Luca Giordano.
It’s full of the dynamic movement
of the figures, but the main focal
point is the angel, emphasized by
lighter elements, and the viewer’s
eyes tend to move directly toward
him.
PRINCIPLE OF ARTS

3. RHYTHM- Rhythm in visual art is the

repetition or pattern of various visual
elements, such as lines, shapes, colors,
values, forms or textures, in a way that
creates a sense of movement or flow
within the artwork..
Several types of rhythmic movement in
art

• Regular rhythm
• Random rhythm
• Flowing rhythm
• Alternating rhythm
• Progressive rhythm
Several types of rhythmic movement in
art
Examples of Regular
Rhythm in Art.
A Row of Poplar Trees Line the
River Epte (1819) by Claude
Monet.
In it, we can clearly see the
repeating vertical lines created by
the repetition of the tall, slender
poplar trees along the riverbank.
They are evenly spaced and
arranged in a straight line, drawing
the viewer’s eye along these rows
of trees.
Examples of Regular Rhythm in Art.
On Lake Geneva:
Landscape with
Rhythmic Shapes
(1908) by Ferdinand
Hodler.
Ferdinand Hodler’s art
above features a clear
illustration of a regular
rhythm by using
repeating geometric
and organic shapes in a
predictable pattern.
Several types of rhythmic movement in
art
Examples of Random Rhythm in Art.
A Review of the Northampton
Militia at Brackley (undated)
by Thomas Rowlandson
The background of this work
depicts rows of soldiers in
uniforms, representing an
imperfect regular rhythm. The
repetitiveness of similar-looking
figures symbolizes stability like
a drumbeat – which works great
with the marching band in the
middle ground.
Several types of rhythmic movement in
art
Examples of Flowing Rhythm in Art.
“The Starry Night
(1889)” by Vincent Van
Gogh.
Though the artist uses
many tools and art
principles within the piece,
we can observe the
swirling brushstrokes all
over the artwork that add
to the flowing rhythm
throughout.
Several types of rhythmic movement in
art
Examples of Alternating
Rhythm in Art.
Endless Rhythm (1934) by Robert
Delaunay

The larger and smaller circles alternate

with each other at regular intervals, as
do the warm and cool colors.

Also, the alternating colors circles seem

to be overlapping in ways that reinforce
the alternating patterns and add a sense
of depth and dimensionality to the
painting.
Several types of rhythmic movement in
art
Examples of Progressive Rhythm in Art.
Ploughing in Nevers
(1849) by Rosa Bonheur
The progressive rhythm
grabs your attention and
makes you follow the
slowly walking cattle with
your eyes, left to right,
and you can almost see
them moving, pulling their
plows. You can sense that
the rhythm of the painting
is meant to be quite slow
and monotonous.
Principle Of Arts

4. UNITY
AND
VARIETY
PRINCIPLE OF ARTS

4.UNITY- Unity in art is one of the seven

principles of art and is responsible for
the harmonious arrangement of art
elements within a design.
The 5 Ways to Express Unity.

• Simplicity
• Proximity
• Repetition
• Alignment
• Continuation
The 5 Ways to Express Unity.
1. Simplicity - Simplicity unity in art refers to excluding or limiting one or
multiple art elements (line, shape, color, etc.) from your artwork. By doing
so, you purposefully limit your work’s potential for variety.
The 5 Ways to Express Unity.
2. Proximity - Proximity unity in art refers to grouping objects or figures by
placing them close to one another in composition. This prompts viewers to
perceive them as one group rather than separate elements.
The 5 Ways to Express Unity.
3. Repetition - Similarity or Repetition unity in art refers to repeating
shapes, values, textures, or colors to create a visual relationship between
the compositional elements. Repeating similar elements creates a sense of
consistency and completeness.
The 5 Ways to Express Unity.
4. Alignment - Alignment unity in art refers to arranging shapes or
elements in a way that makes lines or edges of the elements lead into other
elements. This allows the eye to group these elements together, which
creates a sense of unity.
The 5 Ways to Express Unity.
5. Continuation - Continuation (or continuity) unity is achieved by using
continuing edges, shapes, and lines, that connect different objects or areas
to one another, making them “flow” into each other.
PRINCIPLE OF ARTS
4. VARIETY- Variety in visual
arts refers to the use of the
seven visual art elements to
create interest, contrast,
and complexity in the
artwork. It is a principle of
design that allows artists to
add depth, dimension, and
complexity to their
compositions and enhance
the viewer’s overall visual
experience.
7 Several ways on how an artists add
variety to their artwork.

• Color Variety
• Brushwork Variety
• Line Variety
• Shape Variety
• Size Variety
• Technique Variety
• Edge Variety
7 Several ways on how an artists add
variety to their artwork.
1. Color Variety - The color variety implies varying your saturation, value, and hue.
-Saturation represents the intensity of your color, and how vivid it is.
-Hue means the color’s location on the color wheel.
-Value defines how dark or light the color is (think about how dark or light it would look if you turned your
work to greyscale).
7 Several ways on how an artists add
variety to their artwork.
2. Brushwork Variety - Brushwork variety is not only about the result within
the painting; it’s also a lot about what’s on the “artist’s side” of the painting
process. By altering your technique, you can bring incredible changes to
your artwork, almost unlimited in its diversity.
7 Several ways on how an artists add
variety to their artwork.
3. Line Variety - Line variety can influence your artwork greatly since it’s one of the fundamental
art elements.
You can change any parameter of your lines and see how drastically the tone and look of your
work can change. Lines can be thick and thin, short or long (in hatching as well), curved or
straight.
7 Several ways on how an artists add
variety to their artwork.
4. Shape Variety - Shape variety, or its absence, is usually very easy to
notice. The same shapes throughout the composition look repetitive and
bland (unless that’s what you were going for).
7 Several ways on how an artists add
variety to their artwork.
5. Size Variety - Size variety is self-explanatory, and even if you repeat the
same object multiple times, you can change up their sizes to add visual
appeal.
7 Several ways on how an artists add
variety to their artwork.
6. Technique Variety - Some artists induce variety by changing their
working techniques. In a way, it’s similar to the brushwork variety, but in
different art mediums, it can be applied differently.
7 Several ways on how an artists add
variety to their artwork.
7. Edge Variety - An edge in art represents the transition between two
shapes, which can be hard, firm, soft or lost. Paintings, drawings and
photos all have a multitude of edges; all it takes is knowing where to look.
Principle Of Arts

5. HARMONY
PRINCIPLE OF ARTS
5. HARMONY- Harmony in
art refers to the pleasing
arrangement of visual
elements in an artwork,
where each element
contributes to a unified
whole. It is the visually
satisfying effect produced
when similar or related
elements within the
composition are combined to
achieve unity.
2 Types of Art Harmony

• Color and Value Harmony

• Shape and Form Harmony
2 Types of Art Harmony
1. Color Harmony- Color harmony in art is created when similar or
complementary color schemes are used.
COLOR HARMONY
• Analogous color which are colors next to
each other on the color wheel. For instance,
blue-purple or purple-red color combinations
would create a sense of visual harmony.
• Monochromatic colors, a color scheme that
uses variations of a single hue. Using different
values of one color in a monochromatic
scheme can also be used to set the tone of
the artwork.
• Complementary colors, or opposite colors on
the color wheel, can also be used to make the
artwork more harmonious.
Examples of Color Harmony in Art.
Water Lilies (1840–1926)
by Claude Monet.
has a calming aura due to
the artist’s use of blue
cool colors. There’s also a
strong sense of harmony
because of the analogous
colors displayed in the
blue-purple and the blue-
green combinations.
2 Types of Art Harmony
2. Shape and form harmony - in art is created when similar shapes or
forms are repeatedly used to create a pattern or consistency within the
artwork’s composition.
Examples of Shape and Form Harmony
in Art.
Two Women by the
Shore, Mediterranean
(1896)

the prominent artist’s

organic shapes
throughout the artwork
are used to create
harmony with shapes.
2 Technique’s to achieved Texture
Harmony Arts.
1. Impasto technique - which is
when the paint is thickly applied to the
surface to keep the imprint of the
artist’s brush. This can be achieved
simply with paintbrushes, or by using
tools such as a palette knife.
Examples of Texture Harmony in Art.
The Impasto Technique
Olive Trees with yellow sky
and sun by Vincent Van
Gogh (1889)
the texture harmony is
apparent because of the
consistent ratios of similar or
related textures throughout
the painting. From the trees to
the yellow sky, the
brushstrokes are all in
beautiful unison with one
another.
 Examples of Texture
Harmony in Art.
The Impasto Technique
Cypresses by Vincent van
Gogh (1889)
Van Gogh’s use of the
impasto technique to create
texture is extremely
apparent. The thickly applied
paint and curvy lines create
an almost three-dimensional
effect, and this texture brings
a sense of cohesiveness to
the painting.
2 Technique’s to achieved Texture
Harmony Arts.
2. Pointillism - is an art technique
used to create the illusion of texture
by painting small, distinct dots or
strokes of color. With this method,
texture is achieved when viewed by
the human eye from a distance.
Examples of Texture Harmony in Art.

A Sunday Afternoon on
the Island of La Grande
Jatte (1884-1886) by
Georges Seurat
style is utilized throughout
each tiny section of the
painting, which creates a
unified texture.
Principle Of Arts

6. PATTERN
PRINCIPLE OF ARTS

6.PATTERN- Patterns in art

refer to the repetition and
ordered arrangement of a
design. Patterns are made
by arranging shapes, lines,
and forms in such a way that
the art elements repeat. The
part of the pattern that
repeats is known as a motif.
4 Types of Pattern in Arts

• Natural Patterns in Art

• Man-made Patterns in Art
• Geometric Patterns in Art
• Irregular Patterns in Art
4 Types of Pattern in Arts.
1. Natural patterns - in art are organic in their composition. Since patterns
are found throughout nature, artists often use the natural world as a reliable
source of creative inspiration.
 Examples of Natural Patten in Arts.

William Morris’s William Morris’s famous

Windrush (1917–25).
William Morris’s Fruit Strawberry Thief pattern (1883)
pattern (1862) wallpaper.
4 Types of Pattern in Arts.
2. Man-made patterns - in art are patterns made by humans, and they can
either be created for structural or decorative purposes. These patterns are
found in multiple forms of creation, including painting, sculpture,
architecture, textiles, and decorative arts.
Examples of Man-made Patten in Arts.
4 Types of Pattern in Arts.
3. Geometric patterns - in art refer to shapes, objects, images, or other art
elements that repeat themselves in regular or irregular ways. These
patterns are based on math principles and are typically characterized by
their use of clean lines, bold colors, and shapes.
 Examples of Geometric Patten in Arts.
o de rn .
,m
t r i angle
,
e t ri c Islamic Ceiling Image
Geom

Arabic art pattern, Emile Prisses

d’Avennes, La Decoration Arabe. 1885
4 Types of Pattern in Arts.
1. Irregular pattern - is created when the pattern deviates from its
expected “perfect” condition. These types of patterns can create a sense of
disruption or surprise, catching the viewer’s attention with its unexpected
behavior.
Examples of Irregular Patten in Arts.

Composition with Large Red Plane,

Yellow, Black, Grey and Blue (1921)
by Piet Mondrian.

Composition with red, Broadway Boogie Woogie

black, blue, and yellow (1942-1943) by Piet Mondrian.
(1928) by Piet Mondrian.
Principle Of Arts

7. PROPORTION
PRINCIPLE OF ARTS

7. Proportion - in art is one of the

seven principles of art that refers to the
relativity of size within the composition.
4 Types of Proportion in art

• Standard proportion in art

• Altered Proportion in art
• Hierarchical Proportion in art
• Out of Proportion in art
4 Types of Proportion in Arts.
1. Standard proportion in art - refers to using the “correct” or natural
proportions for any given object. This applies to all figures, nature and still
life.
4 Types of Proportion in Arts.
2. Altered Proportion in art - refers to intentionally modified sizes of
elements in order to create a specific effect. It’s also often referred to as an
“exaggerated” proportion as it’s used to emphasize certain parts of the
work.
4 Types of Proportion in Arts.
3. Hierarchical Proportion in art - refers to when the size of elements is
determined by their significance to the overall artwork. The more important
a subject is, the more prominent its place in the composition.
4 Types of Proportion in Arts.
4. Out of Proportion in art - refers to using incorrect sizes of subjects
when compared to one another. This type of proportion can be done
deliberately to make a point or indeliberately due to the lack of skill or focus
of the artist.
WHY IS IT ELEMENTS AND PRINCIPLES
OF ARTS ARE IMPORTANT?
The elements and principles of arts are important for several
reasons.

• First and most importantly, a person cannot create art without

utilizing at least a few of them.

• Secondly, knowing what the elements of art are, it enables us to

describe what an artist has done, analyze what is going on in a
particular piece and communicate our thoughts and findings
using a common language.
Here are the Examples of Arts
ELEMENTS OF AUDITORY ARTS (Music)
6 Elements of
Auditory Arts(MUSIC)
• Rhythm
• Dynamics
• Melody
• Harmony
• Texture/Timbre
ELEMENTS OF AUDITORY ARTS (Music)

• 1. Rhythm-
refers how sounds, silence
and pausing are arranged
within the accordance of
time.
 Following terms of Variation in Tempo
• Tempos may be:
• Tempo - It refers to - Largo- slow and broadly
the speed of a certain - Andante- to go at a walking pace
musical piece. It may - Moderato at moderate speed
be slow, quick or
- Allegro- fast
moderate. A wrong or
unsuitable tempo may - Accelerando gradually speeding up
affect or damage a - Allargando getting slower
song. broadening
- Rubato literally "robbed time" rhythm
is played freely for expressive effect
ELEMENTS OF AUDITORY ARTS (Music)
• 2. Dynamics - It refers to
the degree of strength, Ex. Pianissimo [pp] -
volume of the sound. It Very quiet
refers to the force or control
when music is either played
from soft to loud. The
shading of music is
important in order to bring
about the quality and
beauty of a musical piece.
ELEMENTS OF AUDITORY ARTS (Music)

• 3. Melody - It is the most important

element of music, associated with the Ex. This song
mental motion, and sometimes called the speechless (here
memory elements because it is what the comes a wave trying to
listener always remembers. It refers to wash me away)
the succession of tones, sounding after
another in logical and meaningful
arrangements. Group of pitches is strung
out sequentially wherein tones may go
up and down or just remain in the same
level, to form and satisfy a musical entity.
ELEMENTS OF AUDITORY ARTS (Music)

• 4. HARMONY - Melodies are substantial enough to

be music on their own, but they often sound empty
and lonesome without some accompaniment. Thus,
many composers add supporting notes called
harmony. There are many types of harmony that can
be added, but in general, harmony can be defined as
notes that sound simultaneously.
ELEMENTS OF AUDITORY ARTS (Music)

• 5-6. Texture/Timbre - It refers to the total

or overall way on how music sound, the
musical piece either of musical
instruments or human voices are
composed and blended with one another
that enable to produce certain density,
thickness, range and width between low
and high pitches, of human voices or
musical instruments, as well as the
relationships how the instruments and
human voices blend with one another and
within..
2 Examples of Music Texture/Timbre

• Monophony

• Polyphony
Examples of Music Texture/Timbre

• Monophony
It refers to a type of texture
that has single melody or
tune, with no musical
accompaniment nor
additional human voice.
Examples of Music Texture/Timbre

• Polyphony It refers to
the various and multiple
independent use and
applications of melody
lines working and
blending together, either
sung or played at the
same time.
EXPLANATION
• While the elements of auditory art can be
discussed in the context of music, they can also
be applied to these other forms of auditory
expression. Elements like melody, rhythm,
dynamics, and timbre are relevant to a wide
range of auditory art forms, helping to convey
meaning and evoke emotions through sound.