Prepa UPAEP Cholula

C O N T R I B U T I O N S T O T H E AT O M I C T H E O R Y

By Génico Lenoyr Alejandro

Inorganic Chemistry

Cholula, Pue. A 1 de septiembre de 2021

 V B.C.

One of the main contributions of Democritus was the development of the

"atomic theory of the universe", which was originally conceived by his
mentor, the philosopher Leucippus. Democritus first coined the term
"atom" with this theory.
Thus, the "atomic theory" states that matter is just a mixture of atoms
(which in Greek means "indivisible"). These are elements that are immutable,
eternal and infinitely small and, therefore, imperceptible to the senses.
 DEMOCRITUS

This theory can be summarized in the

following postulates:
- Atoms are indivisible, homogeneous and
eternal.
- The difference between atoms is only in
shape and size, but not in their internal
qualities.
- The properties of matter change
according to the grouping of atoms.
 1808
J O H N D A LT O N

-Dalton's atomic theory was the first complete attempt to

describe all matter in terms of atoms and their properties.

-Dalton based his theory on the law of conservation of mass

and the law of constant composition.

-The first part of your theory states that all matter is made of
atoms, which are indivisible.

-The second part of your theory states that all the atoms of a
given element are identical in mass and properties.

-The third part of your theory states that compounds are

combinations of two or more different types of atoms.

-The fourth part of your theory states that a chemical reaction

is a rearrangement of atoms.
 1897
JOSEPH JOHN THOMSON

vacuum glass tube with two metal plates inside,

one with a positive charge and the other with
negative charge. This setup was called the
"cathode ray experiment. " Through this
experiment, Thomson showed that in the atom
there were tiny particles that were negatively
charged. Since the atom was neutral, Thomson
concluded that the atom must be positive to be
able to neutralize negative particles. In this
experiment the electron. Thomson illustrated a
new model of the atom where electrons they
appear embedded in the dial of the Dalton
model. The sphere itself, Thomson raised, is
positive, and electrons are tiny subparticles
negatives that are embedded in this sphere.
 1909
ERNEST RUTHERFORD

In 1909, a Thomson disciple, Ernest Rutherford, also

he devoted himself to experimenting with atoms. His
experiment called the "gold foil experiment"
showed that electrons were not embedded in this sphere
positive, as Thomson put it. Rutherford postulated an
atomic model
totally different from what existed until then. A very model
similar to the solar system. In this model at the center of
the atom was the
most of the mass of the atom and was positive. This was
called the nucleus and was
they called the particles inside the nucleus protons.
Electrons orbit around the nucleus, just as planets orbit
Around the sun.
 BIBLIOGRAPHY

• https://www.astromia.com/biografias/democrito.htm
• https://
es.khanacademy.org/science/ap-chemistry/atoms-compounds-ions-ap/compoun
ds-and-ions-ap/a/daltons-atomic-theory-version-2
• https://www.curriculumnacional.cl/614/articles-19380_recurso_pdf.pdf