Green

z
revolution
in
Pakistan
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GREEN REVOLUTION

 During 60s the countries of Asia and south east Asia made the
remarkable achievement in agriculture sector.

 Because of such success the production of wheat, rice and

maize ostensibly increased in the countries like Pakistan, India,
Philippines and Sri lanka etc.

 Such situation is attributed the “green revolution “ which accrued

in agriculture sector of the countries.

 Green revolution resulted in self sufficiency.

z How green revolution:

 How there is green revolution?

 The revolution occurred in agriculture sector by following the

agriculture invention and innovation.

 The agriculture inventions and innovations are concerned with

the high yielding seed, fertilizers, pesticides, sprays, the
intensive use of water resource, use of tractors, harvest,
threshers and change in the out look of the farmers.
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How Green Revolution:

 Thus, because of green revolution the better seeds, fertilizers,

water and modern technology becomes available.

 As a result of such all, the production function is transformed.

 Because of such transformation, the per acre yield of crop is

increased.

 The green revolution brings technical changes in the agriculture

sector.
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Technical changes:

 Two types of changes:

 1) Biological changes

 2) Mechanical change
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Biological changes

 The biological changes are concerned with those factors which

result in increasing the productivity of the land as the case of
high yielding variety (HYV) seeds, more use of fertilizers, the
changes in cropping patterns.
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Mechanical changes:

 Mechanical changes are concerned with more use of machinery

on farms, i.e the use of tractor, harvesters and bulldozers etc on
the lands.

 Because of such mechanical changes the ratio of capital to

labor changes on the lands.

 Thus, all the input changes which result in enhancing the

productivity of lands and increasing agricultural outputs are
associated with “green revolution in agriculture”.
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Need for GR in Pakistan

 Increase on population:

 In the 1960s GR got special attention particularly because of

severe rise in population in the country.

 The greater increase in population resulted in excess demand for

food grains etc.

 This added insult to injury when we were already having shortage

of food grains.

 Accordingly, following the slogan that “ necessity is the mother of

invention” the big transformation in agriculture sector was very
much must.
z Need for GR in Pakistan
 Limited sectors of the economy:

 In our country because of rising population the problem of

unemployment is becoming very acute.

 Therefore, the different sectors of economy like agriculture, industry

and services should provide avenues for jobless persons.

 Accordingly, the agriculture serve as a last resort.

 Therefore, if the menaces of agriculture are removed, the new

production function accompanied by superior technology are
introduced, more jobs opportunities in agriculture sectors will be
created in agriculture sector, will be able to absorb the rising
population.
z Need for GR in Pakistan

 Reduction in foreign dependence:

 In Pakistan agriculture practice have always been very much

conservative. Due to this there has been the servers shortage of
food grains in the countries. Accordingly, they have to be imported
with precious and scarcer foreign exchange.

 Therefore, to enhance the production of food grains was very

much necessitated so that foreign dependence could be avoided.

 In this respect credit goes to Dr .norman borlog who discovered a

seed which led to multiple expansion of wheats production.
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Need for GR in Pakistan

 Agriculture surplus:

 The GR is furnished with superior technology and better

agriculture inputs. All will have the effect of increasing the
agriculture production.

 As a result, not only self sufficiency will be attain, but the surplus
amount could be exported.
z Need for GR in Pakistan

 Stability in agriculture price and output:

 During 1950s the prices of agriculture goods were very low

while the prices of industrial goods were having the tendency to
rise. In this situation the term of trade were against the
agriculture sector.

 Therefore government will have a greater interference in the agri

market by purchasing the surplus amount.

 In this way farmers will be able to get reasonable prices of their

products.
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Need for GR in Pakistan
 Cultural revolution:

 The GR will bring an economic, social and cultural revolution in the village
life.

 The GR will have effect of modernization and revolutionizing the agrarian

life.

 The villages will become as good as the cities.

 The new technologies, new seeds and more credits to the farmers will
have the effect of raising income.

 The increased income will be spent on the attainment of better facilities

and better standard of life.
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Need for GR in Pakistan

 GR and income distribution:

 Commonly, it is said that GR by enhancing the agriculture

productivity and agriculture production will benefit even the poor
farmers.

 In this way, not only the incomes of the big farmers will be
increase, but the poor peasants will also be able to enhance
their share.

 The GR will have the effect of making the distribution of income

a fairer one.
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References:

 Saeed, K. Amjad,(2007)“Economy of Pakistan, Institute of

Business Management, Lahore.

 Economics Survey of Pakistan (Latest Issues), Economic

Advisor’s Wing, Ministry of Finance, Government of Pakistan