LEVELS OF BIOLOGICAL

ORGANIZATION

PREPARED BY: TYPE YOUR NAME HERE

S7LT -IIC - 3
• Describe the different levels of
biological organization from cell to
biosphere
CELL
• the basic unit structure
and function of all
living things capable of
performing basic life
processes.
TISSUE
group of
similar cells
that perform
a particular
function.
 ORGAN
it is made of similar tissues arranged
and grouped together to perform a
specific function.
 EX. Heart, kidney, lungs
 What does
Structure and Function mean?

• Structure = the body plan, or the way the

parts are arranged
• Function = the job for that part of the
organism
 ORGAN SYSTEM

 a group of organs that work

together to perform a major
function.
 Circulatory System
– is one of the
organ systems that
make up an
organism. It is
made up of the
heart, blood
vessels, and blood.
Nervous System -
detects and
interprets
information from
the environment
outside the body
and from within
the body; controls
most body Nervous
functions. System
Digestive System -
takes food into the
body, breaks the
food down into
smaller particles,
and absorbs the
digested materials. Digestive
System
Muscular Skeletal
System - System -
enables supports
the body
and
to move;
protects
the body
 Excretory System - is
another organ system
that makes up an
organism. It is made
up of kidney, urinary
bladder, ureter,
urethra.
Immune system - fights disease.
Endocrine system - controls many body processes
by means of chemicals, like hormones.
Respiratory system takes oxygen into the body and
eliminates carbon dioxide.
Reproductive system produces sex cells that can
unite with other sex cells to create offspring;
controls male and female characteristics.
ORGANISM
Independent individual.
a system with many parts that
depend on each other and work
together.
Ex. People, Plants and Animals.
POPULATION
•Group of individuals of a
particular type that live in the
same area and actively interbreed
with one another.
COMMUNITY
The living part of an ecosystem.
 assemblage of different
populations that live together in a
defined area.
 ECOSYSTEM

 Living things in a particular

region and their nonliving
physical environment.
Ecosystem is the basic functional unit of ecology. The term ecosystem is coined
form a Greek word meaning study of home.

Definition
A group of organisms interacting among themselves and with environment is
known as ecosystem. Thus an ecosystem is a community of different species
interacting with one another and with their non living environment and one
another and with their non- living environment exchanging energy and matter
Example
Animals
. cannot synthesis their food directly but depend on the plants either
directly or indirectly.
 Natural ecosystems operate
themselves under natural
conditions.
Based on habitat types, it can be
further classified into three types.
1. Terrestrial ecosystem This ecosystem is related to
land
Example .

Grassland
ecosystem, forest
ecosystem, desert
ecosystem, etc.,
2. Aquatic ecosystem This ecosystem is related to water.
It is further sub classified into two types based on salt
content.

Fresh water
ecosystem
Running water
ecosystems.
Examples
Rivers, Streams
(b) Standing water
ecosystems
Marine ecosystem
Example : Seas and sea shores
Artificial ecosystem is operated (or) maintained by man
himself.

Example
Croplands, gardens
The term structure refers to the various components. So
the structure of an ecosystem explains the relationship
between the abiotic (non -living) and the biotic (living)
.
components
An ecosystem has two major components
•Biotic (living) components
•Abiotic (non living) components
BIOSPHERE
 Our entire planet Earth and all its living
inhabitants.
 part of the earth in which life exists including
land, water and air of atmosphere.
Levels of Organization
large
smallest
group
one
all organisms
interacting
living
individual
region
of unit
similar
different
organs
andwith
of
nonliving
of
populations
living
living
working
cells
the
typical
kinds
same
thing
organized
things
things
of
plants
together
kind
in
tissues
anliving
and
to
work
working
in
ecosystem
interacting
animals
onetogether
area
that
together
within
includes
a certain
several area
ecosystems

cell
GET ¼ SHEET OF PAPER AND
ANSWER THE FOLLOWING
QUESTIONS. YOU ONLY HAVE
3 MINUTES TO READ AND
ANSWER EVERY QUESTION.
1. The heart pumps blood that carries
oxygen and nutrients to the different parts
of the body. To which organ system does
the heart belong?
A. Circulatory
B. Digestive
C. Excretory
D. Reproductive
2. Cancer starts from cells that start to grow uncontrollably fast.
They destroy tissues and organs. What does this say about the
effects of diseased cells on the higher levels of organization in an
organism?
A. Cancer involves only certain kinds of cells and does not affect
any other kind of cell.
B. Diseased cells affect only the next higher levels of
organization that they make up – the tissues.
C. Diseased cells damage the higher levels of organization they
make up: tissues, organs, organ systems, and eventually, the
whole organism.
D. Diseased cells do not affect the other parts of an organism.
3. Each part of an organ system plays a
specific function. Which of the following
structures does not match its function?
A. Eyes : Sight
B. Kidneys : Respiration
C. Heart: Circulation
D. Stomach: Digestion
5. Which of the following statement is TRUE?
A.Groups of organs working together are called
cells.
B.Group of cells working together are called
tissues.
C.Group of organs working together are called
organisms.
D.Group of tissues working together are called
organ systems
6. Plants also have organ systems.
Which plant organ DOES NOT
belong to the shoot system?
A.Flower
B.Leaf
C.Root
D.Stem
7. How do plants benefit from their root
system?
A.They obtain water and nutrients
from the soil.
B.They provide strength and support.
C.They manufacture food.
D.They produce flowers.
8. The kidneys functions are to filter and to
remove the waste from the blood which is
harmful to the body. What might happen to the
person if it fails to function?
A.The kidney will be damaged.
B.The cells of the kidney will be affected.
C.There is no significant effect to the person.
D.The person will suffer and need to undergo
dialysis treatment.
9. Angelo’s father was hospitalized due to chest
pain and difficulty of breathing. Laboratory
examination revealed increased cholesterol in
blood. Which organ system is mostly affected?
A.Circulatory system
B.Nervous system
C.Excretory system
D.Digestive system
10. James love to eat junk food and enjoys adding
fish sauce (patis) and soy sauce in his meals. One
day, he was complaining of difficulty in urinating
accompanied by severe pain in the side and back
below the ribs. Which organ has a problem in this
situation?
A.Heart
B.Kidney
C.Lung
D.Stomach
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