GE ELEC 101

EIA PROCEDURES
Presented by: Carlin Miel L.
Perioles
 Objectives
• To provide a comprehensive understanding of the
Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) procedure,
elucidating its key components, stages, and significance
in the evaluation and mitigation of environmental
effects associated with proposed projects
• The presentation aims to equip the audience with
knowledge about the systematic steps involved in EIA,
fostering an appreciation for its role in sustainable
development and responsible decision-making.
 What is EIA Procedure?
Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) is a systematic process
that evaluates the potential environmental impacts of a proposed
project, plan, or program before it is carried out. The primary
objective of an EIA is to ensure that decision-makers, as well as
the public, are informed about the potential environmental
consequences of a project, and to identify measures that can be
taken to minimize or mitigate these impacts.

How does the Environmental Impact
Assessment (EIA) process contribute to
addressing environmental concerns at
various stages of a project?
The EIA process makes sure that environmental
issues are raised when a project or plan is first
discussed and that all concerns are addressed as a
project gains momentum through to
implementation. Recommendations made by the
EIA may necessitate the redesign of some project
components, require further studies, suggest
changes which alter the economic viability of the
project or cause a delay in project implementation.
Why is it that an environmental assessment
should be conducted early in the project
cycle?
 Why is it that an environmental assessment should be
conducted early in the project cycle?
To be of most benefit it is essential that an environmental assessment is carried out
to determine significant impacts early in the project cycle so that recommendations
can be built into the design and cost-benefit analysis without causing major delays
or increased design costs. To be effective once implementation has commenced,
the EIA should lead to a mechanism whereby adequate monitoring is undertaken to
realize environmental management. An important output from the EIA process
should be the delineation of enabling mechanisms for such effective management.
There are three options to consider in establishing EIA
procedures.

1 2 3
Middle
Legislative Policy
Ground
Option Optio
Option
n
 Legislative Option
The legislative option is the more formal legal approach in which
EIA procedures become law and are enforced by the courts.

The advantages are:

• Mandatory procedures
• Regulations developed to direct and control activities
• Enforceable requirements
 Legislative Option
The disadvantages are:
• The cost of the bureaucratic machinery required for
administration
• The time lost when the law is challenged in the courts
• The loss of flexibility in dealing with unique types of
projects and or environments
 Policy Option
The policy option as a basis for ElA procedures
means that systems are developed and incorporated
within the administrative machinery of goverment.
Under this option the rules and regulations are not
enforceable in a legal sense.
 Policy Option
The advantages are:
• Greater direct control over the process.
• More opportunity to alter procedures in the light of
experience.
• Less administrative costs
• Avoidance of long delays on projects due to legal
arguments.
 Policy Option
The disadvantages are:
• The entire system is more vulnerable to political
whims.
• It may be difficult to force agencies to lake
responsibilities seriously and the concerned public
may not be able to directly challenge a final
decision with which they disagree.
 Middle Ground Option
The middle ground option clearly takes elements of
both the legislative and policy options as outlined
above.
 Examples of Project List
Projects for which EIA is required in every circumstances:
• Crude-oil refineries (excluding undertakings manufacturing only lubricants from crude oil)
and installations for the gasification and liquefaction of 500 tons or more of coal or bituminous
shale per day.
• Construction of motorways, express roads (1) and lines for long-distance railway traffic and of
airports (2) with a basic runway length of 2 100 m or more.
• Installations solely designed for the permanent storage or final disposal of radioactive waste.
• Trading ports and also inland waterways and ports for inland-waterway traffic which permit
the passage of vessels of over 1 350 tonnes.
• Waste-disposal installations for the incineration, chemical treatment or land fill of toxic and
dangerous wastes.
 Examples of Project List
Projects for which EIA is required only in certain circumstances:
1. Agriculture
(a) Projects for the restructuring of rural land holdings.
(b) Projects for the use of uncultivated land or semi-natural areas for intensive agricultural
purposes.
(c) Water-management projects for agriculture.
(d) Initial afforestation where this may lead to adverse ecological changes and land reclamation for
the purposes of conversion to another type of land use.
(e) Poultry-rearing installations.
(f) Pig-rearing installations.
(g) Salmon breeding.
(h) Reclamation of land from the sea.
 Examples of Project List
Projects for which EIA is required only in certain circumstances:
2. Extractive industry
(a) Extraction of peat.
(b) Deep drillings with the exception of drillings for investigating the stability of the soil and in
particular:
- geothermal drilling,
- drilling for the storage of nuclear waste material,
- drilling for water supplies.
(c) Extraction of minerals other than metalliferous and energy-producing minerals, such as marble,
sand, gravel, shale, salt, phosphates and potash.
(d) Extraction of coal and lignite by underground mining.
Thank You!