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    In early steam engines, water inside the piston-cylinder was heated to evaporate into steam and then cooled to condense back into water, driving the piston. For internally reversible processes shown on temperature-entropy diagrams, the area under the curve represents the heat transfer during that process. Steam engines use heating to evaporate water into steam, which expands and cools while doing work before condensing back into water.

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    In early steam engines, water inside the piston-cylinder was heated to evaporate into steam and then cooled to condense back into water, driving the piston. For internally reversible processes shown on temperature-entropy diagrams, the area under the curve represents the heat transfer during that process. Steam engines use heating to evaporate water into steam, which expands and cools while doing work before condensing back into water.

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    12 views19 pages

    Lect. 12

    Uploaded by

    mohammedbsaiso
    In early steam engines, water inside the piston-cylinder was heated to evaporate into steam and then cooled to condense back into water, driving the piston. For internally reversible processes shown on temperature-entropy diagrams, the area under the curve represents the heat transfer during that process. Steam engines use heating to evaporate water into steam, which expands and cools while doing work before condensing back into water.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    of 19

    In early steam engines: heating is used to evaporate and cooling

    to condense water inside piston – cylinder steam engines

    TH

    TC
    Ideal:
    internally
    reversible

    For internally reversible process: the area under the curve on a T-S diagram

    represents the heat transfer during the process.


    QH-QL

    (for
    )
    Example :
    Note: in the compressed liquid region, steam is
    liquid and therefore is incompressible, i.e. =cons.

    Steady flow and isentropic work


    (not boundary work) &
    Note: the values of (h) may differ from one
    book to another depending on the reference
    state. However, h must be the same.

    500C
    = h2 – h 1

    and h4’ = (hf + x hfg)4’ = 2292.7 kJ/kg


    T
    Steam generator = boiler + super heater ... without reheater

    4
    T=500C
    without
    reheating

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