Basic Maths

LEARN FROM THE BASICS

STRONG IN FUNDAMENTALS
SPLIT AND MERGE
In a multiplication of 2 digit number, split one
of the number in the form like
10 + x
10 – x
100 +x
100 – x…..
And then multiply with another number.
SPLIT AND MERGE
Multiplication
Split and Merge
1)34*12

= 34 x (10+2)
= 340 + 68
= 408
Multiplication
Split and Merge
2)16*12
= 16 x ( 10+2)
= 160 + 32
= 192
Practise sums
Split and Merge
1) 58 x 16
2) 72 x 12
3) 48 x 17
4) 88 x 13
5) 29 x 14
COMPLEMENTARY
PAIRS
Multiplication of 2 digit number starting or
Ending with same number and sum of
another digit is “10”
42 x 48
4 2
4 8
20 16
Multiplication
Complementary pairs
1)93 x 97
= 3 x 7 = 21
= 9 + 1 = 10
= 10 x 9 =90
= 9021
Multiplication
Complementary pairs
2)33 x 37
= 3 x 7 = 21
=3+1=4
= 4 x 3 = 12
= 1221
Practise Sums
Complementary Pairs
1) 52 x 58

2) 46 x 44
3) 67 x 63
4) 74 x 76
5) 69 x 61
Multiplication
Complementary pairs
1) 77 x 37
= 7 x 7 = 49
= 7 x 3 = 21
= 7 + 21 = 28
= 2849
Multiplication
Complementary pairs
2) 97 x 17
= 7 x 7 = 49
=9x1=9
= 9 + 7 = 16
= 1649
Multiplication
Complementary pairs
1) 94 x 14

2) 66 x 46
3) 78 x 38
4) 47 x 67
5) 83 x 23
Magic of 1
61 x 31

Multiply first digit of both number (6 x 3 = 18)

Add both first digits (6 + 3 = 9)

Last digit always “1”

Ans = 1891
Multiplication
Magics of 1 (end)
1)31x21
=3x2=6
=3+2=5
= 651
Last digit must be always ‘1’
Multiplication
Magics of 1 (end)
2) 51x41
= 5 x 4 = 20
=5+4=9
= 2091
Last digit must be always ‘1’
Practise sums
Magics of 1 (end)
1) 31 x 61
2) 61 x 91
3) 21 x 41
4) 71 x 31
5) 81 x 51
Multiplication
Magics of 5 (end)
26 x 5
= 26 x 10
2
= 13 x 10
= 130
Multiplication
Magics of 5 (end)
32 x 5
= 32 x 10
2
= 16 x 10
= 160
Multiplication
Magics of 5 (end)
42 x 15
= (42 x 10) + ( 42 x 5)
= 420 + 42 x 10
2
= 420 + 210
= 630
Multiplication
Magics of 5 (end)
84 x 15
= (84 x 10) + ( 84 x 5)
= 840 + 84 x 10
2
= 840 + 420
= 1260
Multiplication
Magics of 5 (end)
64 x 25
= 64 x 100
4
= 16 x 100
= 1600
Multiplication
Magics of 5 (end)
58 x 25
= 58 x 100
4
= 14.5 x 100
= 1450
Multiplication
Magics of 5 (end) (Difference of 2 numbers is 10)
35 x 45
= 42 – 1
= 16 – 1
= 1575
If difference 10 last digit will be 75
Multiplication
Magics of 5 (end)
55 x 65
= 62 – 1
= 36 – 1
= 3575
If difference 10 last digit will be 75
MAGIC OF 5
• Add the first numbers of both
• i) If odd “ 75” will be last two digit
• ii) If even “ 25” will be last two digit

• If the sum of the number is odd, subtract 1 from that

number.

• For 1st two number, Add the (half of the sum) and product
of first number.
EXAMPLE
Ex : 75 x 45 i) (7 + 4 = 11) odd, so 75 will be fixed as
last.

ii) (11-1 = 10) , Half of the sum is 5

iii) (5) + (7 x 4) = (5 + 28) = 33

Ans : 3375
Ex : 25 x 85 i) (2 + 8 = 10), even, so 25 will be fixed
as last.

ii) Half of the sum is 5

iii) (5) + (2 x 8) = (5 + 16) = 21

Ans : 2125
MAGIC OF 55
1. Take half of the multiplying number with 100. (Half
of the number x 100.)
2. Reduce one zero for next number.
3. Add step 1 and 2.

Ex : 26 x 55
1300
130
1430
Multiplication
Magics of 5 (end)
14 x 55
= 14 / 2 = 7
= 700
70
7 7 0
Multiplication
Magics of 5 (end)
61 x 55
= 61 / 2 = 30.5
=3050
3 05
3355
MAGIC OF 75
1. Take half of the multiplying number with 100. (Half
of the number x 100.)
2. Again take half from the step 1.
3. Add step 1 and 2.

Ex : 24 x 75
1200
600
1800
Multiplication
Magics of 5 (end)
16 x 75
= 16 / 2 = 8
= 800
4 0 0 (800 / 2)
12 0 0
Multiplication
Magics of 5 (end)
42 x 75
= 42 / 2 = 21
=2100
1 0 5 0 (2100 / 2)
3150
Multiplication
Magics of 5 (end)
1) 52 x 5
2) 64 x 15
3) 76 x 25
4) 75 x 85
5) 42 x 55
6) 88 x 75
CROSS
MULTIPLICATION
Ex : 23x86
6x3=18 = 8+1(carry) = _ _ _ 8
6x2 + 8x3 +(1) =12+24+1 = 37 = 7+3(carry)
= _ _78
8x2 +(3) = 19 = 1978
Ans : 1978
Practise sums
Cross Multiplication tricks
14 x 26
1 4
×
2 6
364
Multiplication
Cross Multiplication tricks
42 x 64
4 2
×
6 4
2688
Multiplication
Cross Multiplication tricks
133 x 131
1 3 3
×
1 3 1
17 4 2 3
Multiplication
Cross Multiplication tricks
112 x 124
1 1 2
×
1 2 4
13 8 8 8
Practise sums
Cross Multiplication tricks
1) 24 x 46
2) 58 x 31
3) 16 x 29
4) 118 x 114
5) 142 x 122
Multiplication
Magics of 9 (end)
Ex: 99 x 2 => 9 9=> (9*2=18)= 1 8 =>
rem.v => 9 i.e. 198
99 x 2 = 198
99 x 7 = 693
999 x 5 = 4995
9999 x 4= 39996 Etc.,,
Practise sums
Magics of 9 (end)
1) 99 x 6 = ?
2) 99 x 8 = ?
3) 999 x 3 = ?
4) 999 x 7 = ?
5) 9999 x 8 = ?
Multiplication
Magics of 11 (end)
1) 111 x 111 = 12321
2) 11111 x 11111 = 123454321 Etc..,
Ex : 2222 = (111 x 2)2 = 12321 x 4
Multiplication
Magics of 11 (end)
1) 73 x 11 = 803
2) 325 x 11 = 3575
3) 93245 x 11 = 1025695 Etc.,
Practise sums
Magics of 11 (end)
1) 11 x 11 = ?
2) 1111 x 1111 = ?
3) 23 x 11 = ?
4) 456 x 11 = ?
5) 7864 x 11 = ?
Multiplication
Multiplying values nearby 100’s

i) 99 x 98 99 -1
98 -2

97 02
• Add the cross values (99-2) or (98-1) = 97
• Multiply difference values from 100 (-1 x -2) = 02
Ans : 9702
Multiplication
Multiplying values nearby 100’s

i) 86 x 84 86 -14
84 -16

70 224
• Add the cross values (86-16) or (84-14) = 70
• Multiply difference values from 100
(-14x-16) = 24;
• Add the extra value (70+2 2 24) = 72
Ans : 7224
Practise sums
Multiplying values nearby 100’s
1) 97 x 98
2) 93 x 96
3) 95 x 92
4) 88 x 86
5) 83 x 85
EASY COMPUTATION
The product of any number and 5,or those
multiples of 5 which is denoted as ‘easy
computable fractions’