IT’S NICE TO MEET YOU!

INTRODUCTION TO
POSTHARVEST TECHNOLOGY
LEARNING OBJECTIVES
TO POSTHARVEST TECHNOLOGY?
OBJECTIVE OF INTRODUCTION

To introduce Ethiopian agriculture

WHAT IS THELEARNING

To define certain terminologies

To know importance of postharvest T.

 Agriculture in Ethiopia

⚫Agriculture is the backbone of Ethiopia's

economy and it provides all the necessary.

⚫About 85 % of this produce is from
subsistence type farms and 15 % are from
modern commercial farms.
Definition of certain terminologies
⚫ Food security is a condition when all people have
availability and adequate access at all times to
sufficient, safe, and nutritious food to maintain a
healthy and active life.
⚫ Food insecurity exists when people do not have adequate
physical, social or economic access to food.
Consequences of food insecurity:
Definition of certain terminologies
⚫ Pre-harvest;- refers to any activities on the farm or
ranch that occur before crop harvesting or livestock
products slaughtering.

⚫ Harvesting:- is activities performed to obtain the

kernels of the plant for grain, or the entire plant for
forage and silage uses
⚫ process of collecting the edible part of plant.

⚫ Post-harvest: is any activities performed after

separation from the site of immediate growth or
production.

⚫ Post-production: harvest + post-harvest

Definition of certain terminologies
⚫ Postharvest handling;- is the stage of crop production

immediately following harvest, including transportation,

threshing, cooling, cleaning, sorting, packing, processing
etc.
⚫ Threshing is the process of loosening the edible part

of cereal grain (or other crop) from the inedible chaff

that surrounds it.

⚫ Food processing is the transformation of raw

ingredients, by physical or chemical means into food, or
food into other forms.
Definition of certain terminologies
⚫ Harvest loss: is the loss which occurs between the onset

and completion of harvesting.

⚫ Post-harvest loss: is the loss which occurs at any time

after separating from the site of immediate growth up

to the point at which the grain is prepared for
consumption.

⚫ Post-production loss: harvest losses + post-harvest

losses
⚫ Food Loss: is a measurable decrease of food which may

be quantitative or qualitative.
Definition of certain terminologies
⚫ Damage: refers to the suprficial evidence of
deterioration,
• e.g, hole or broken grains, from which loss may
result
⚫ Direct loss: a disappearance of food by spillage, or

• consumption by insects, rodents and birds.

⚫ Indirect loss: is the lowering of food quality to the

point where people refuse to eat it.

Definition of certain terminologies
⚫ Food loss refers to edible food mass that is discarded or lost along

the journey from production, post-harvest, storage, transport, and

processing stages.
⚫ Food waste refers to discarded or wasted food at the retail and

consumer level.
Definition of certain terminologies
Postharvest loss
⚫ The term “postharvest loss” - refers to measurable quantitative

and qualitative food loss in the postharvest system.

⚫ It is any change in the quantity or quality of a product after

harvest that prevents or alters its intended use or decrease its

value.
Definition of certain terminologies
High Postharvest Loss (HPL)
Activities in Postharvest handling

Harvesting
Transport
Storage
ation

Postharvest Cleanin
Cooling handling g

Packaging Sorting

Grading
Activities in Postharvest handling
Activities in Postharvest handling
Activities in Postharvest handling

Postharvest
principles
Small
Scale
Technolo
gy To GAP
&
(Affo., reduce GHP
Avai. &
Sust.) posthar
vest
loss
Awareness
Collaboration
creation
Importance of postharvest technology
⚫ Some of the importance of postharvest
technology includes:
 Contribution to food security (reduce loss)

 Contribution to living standards (redu.price)

 Gender issues (value addition)

 Environmental sustainability (reduce wastage)

 Food quality and safety (reduce microbial)

Importance of postharvest technology

Value addition
 SUMMARY
1. Why Agriculture is backbone for Ethiopian economy?
2. What are components/pillars/ of food security?
3. Which food type face high postharvest loss?
4. What is the distinction b/n food loss and food waste?
5. What factors aggravate food insecurity?
 SUMMARY
Postharvest Loss
 SUMMARY
Postharvest Handling of Maize
 Summary
Food security
 Summary
Food security
 Summary
Food insecurity
 Summary
SUSTANABLE DEVELOPMENT GOAL (SDG)
 THANK YOU
FOR YOUR ATTENSION!

Next class we will try to see

CHAPTER 2
PRE-PROCESSING TREATMENTS